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    FOS Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2353, updated on 6-Oct-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    FOSprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunitprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:3796
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000170345 MIM:164810; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3796
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    p55; AP-1; C-FOS
    Summary
    The Fos gene family consists of 4 members: FOS, FOSB, FOSL1, and FOSL2. These genes encode leucine zipper proteins that can dimerize with proteins of the JUN family, thereby forming the transcription factor complex AP-1. As such, the FOS proteins have been implicated as regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. In some cases, expression of the FOS gene has also been associated with apoptotic cell death. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in bone marrow (RPKM 802.2), gall bladder (RPKM 632.2) and 23 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See FOS in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    14q24.3
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (75278828..75282230)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (69488228..69491630)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (75745531..75748933)

    Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RNA, U4atac small nuclear 14, pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75687528-75688425 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75688426-75689322 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75689323-75690220 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr14.1538 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs1657 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8739 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8740 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75720649-75721848 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75723647-75724146 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs1481 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903434 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5941 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5942 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5943 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75745521-75746448 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75746449-75747374 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75747401-75747960 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:75747961-75748520 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr14:75755848-75756032 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8743 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5944 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1220 Neighboring gene developmental pluripotency associated 5 pseudogene 4

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association study of periodontal pathogen colonization.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 is able to induce COX-2 mRNA and protein in human neuroblastoma cell lines that express CXCR4 and CCR5 but not CD4; gp120 induces COX-2 promoter transcription through NF-kappaB and activating protein-1 (AP-1) sites PubMed
    env Treatment of cells with HIV-1 gp120 induces increased levels of endogenous c-fos and c-jun mRNA and proteins, an activation of both c-fos and c-jun promoters, and a very rapid stimulation of the MAPK/ERK pathway PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 and anti-CD4 antibodies induce a specific, significant decrease in the binding activity of NF-AT, NF-kappa B and AP-1, which leads to an inhibition of IL-2 production and cell proliferation PubMed
    env Binding of heat-inactivated HIV-1 (iHIV-1) or HIV-1 gp120 to infected resting PBMCs is sufficient to activate NF-kappa B and AP-1, to induce cell surface expression of CD25, and to commit cells to produce virus PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160 induces activation of transcription factor, activated protein-1 (AP-1), comprised of Fos and Jun proteins, in CD4 positive T cell lines PubMed
    Nef nef Knockdown of C/EBPalpha, C/EBPgamma, and AP-1 by siRNA shows significant reduction of CCL5 levels, suggesting that C/EBPalpha, C/EBPgamma, and AP-1 proteins are involved in Nef-mediated upregulation of CCL5 PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef expression in human (THP-1) monocyte-macrophages induces both DNA binding and transcriptional activities of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, c-fos and c-jun; this induction requires the proline-rich PxxP motif of Nef PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef inhibits the recruitment of AP-1 DNA binding activity by downregulating the transcription of c-fos in mitogen-stimulated human T cells PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat activates AP-1 (c-Jun/c-Fos) activity in human astroglioma cells PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat-mediated upregulation of CCL5 involves JAK2/3, AKT2/3, p38delta, NF-kappaB (p65/p50), C/EBP alpha/gamma, and AP-1 proteins PubMed
    tat Co-treatment of osteoblastic cells with HIV-1 Tat and RANKL/M-CSF upregulates c-fos expression and AP-1 activity PubMed
    tat The CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family 2 (CMTM2) blocks HIV-1 Tat-induced AP-1 and CREB activation, which leads to suppress HIV-1 provirus transcription PubMed
    tat Transcription factors NFAT and AP-1 (c-Jun/c-Fos) are required for HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of COX-2 PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat expression in Jurkat T cells enhances cooperative NFAT/AP-1- but not AP-1-dependent transcription independent of its ability to transactivate the HIV-1 LTR PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat activates the AP-1 complex containing c-fos through a p56lck dependent mechanism PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat contributes to the super-induction of IL-2 promoter activity through transcription factors such as NF-kappaB and AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos) PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates c-Fos expression and c-Fos protein has been shown to be essential for optimal transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter by Tat PubMed
    Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr-induced upregulation of CCL5 requires p50 and p65 subunits of NF-kappaB, p38delta MAPK, Akt-2 and Akt-3, and AP-1 transcription factor in HIV-1 Vpr transfected astrocytes PubMed
    vpr Synthetic HIV-1 Vpr protein activates AP-1 (Jun/Fos), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), NF-kappaB, and MKK7 in both U937 cells and primary macrophages. PubMed
    Vpu vpu HIV-1 Vpu-expressing U937 monocytes coculture with LX2 stellate cells to activate release of transforming growth factor beta to culture supernatant, which correlates with increased activity of the AP-1 transcription factor PubMed
    matrix gag HIV-1 matrix activates monocytes to produce MCP-1, which depends on the binding activity of AP-1 complexes (c-Fos/JunB) in the MCP-1 promoter PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
     
    enables R-SMAD binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables promoter-specific chromatin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein-containing complex binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables transcription coregulator binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in SMAD protein signal transduction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to calcium ion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to hypoxia IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to parathyroid hormone stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to prolactin IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to reactive oxygen species IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to tumor necrosis factor IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to zinc ion starvation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cerebral cortex development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in conditioned taste aversion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in female pregnancy IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in inflammatory response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in integrated stress response signaling NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in medium-term memory IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in mononuclear cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in myoblast proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in neural retina development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in neuron differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in osteoclast differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to cAMP IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to corticosterone IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to ethanol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to gravity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to immobilization stress IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to insulin IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to light stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to muscle stretch IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to progesterone IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to toxic substance IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in skeletal muscle cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in skeletal muscle cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in chromatin ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in nuclear matrix IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nucleus NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    part_of protein-DNA complex IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    part_of transcription factor AP-1 complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    part_of transcription factor AP-1 complex IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    part_of transcription factor AP-1 complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    protein c-Fos
    Names
    FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral (v-fos) oncogene homolog (oncogene FOS)
    FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog
    Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 trancription factor subunit
    G0/G1 switch regulatory protein 7
    activator protein 1
    cellular oncogene c-fos
    proto-oncogene c-Fos
    transcription factor AP-1 subunit c-Fos

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029673.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5051..8453
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_005252.4NP_005243.1  protein c-Fos

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005243.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AF111167, AK291326
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS9841.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K4E2, B4DQ65, P01100, P18849
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FG41
      Related
      ENSP00000306245.4, ENST00000303562.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14721
      Location:147200
      bZIP_Fos; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of the oncogene Fos (Fos): a DNA-binding and dimerization domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      75278828..75282230
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      69488228..69491630
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)