HEL2 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HEL2 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: HEL2
Official Full Name: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HEL2
Primary source: SGD:S000002674
Locus tag: YDR266C
See related: AllianceGenome:SGD:S000002674; FungiDB:YDR266C; VEuPathDB:YDR266C
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C (strain: S288C)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces
Also known as: RQT1
Summary: Enables stalled ribosome sensor activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in several processes, including RNA catabolic process; histone catabolic process; and protein K63-linked ubiquitination. Located in cytoplasm. Is active in cytosolic ribosome. Orthologous to human ZNF598 (zinc finger protein 598, E3 ubiquitin ligase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
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Genomic context

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See HEL2 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: IV

Exon count:: 1

Sequence:: Chromosome: IV; NC_001136.10 (1000104..1002023, complement)

Chromosome IV - NC_001136.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_001136.10

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Inability to rescue stalled ribosomes results in overactivation of the integrated stress response.
Title: Inability to rescue stalled ribosomes results in overactivation of the integrated stress response.
Distinct elongation stalls during translation are linked with distinct pathways for mRNA degradation.
Title: Distinct elongation stalls during translation are linked with distinct pathways for mRNA degradation.
Hel2-dependent polyubiquitination of collided disomes and, preferentially, trisomes. The distinct trisome architecture, visualized using cryo-EM, provides the structural basis for the more-efficient recognition by Hel2 compared with that of disomes. Subsequently, the Slh1 helicase subunit of the RQC trigger (RQT) complex preferentially dissociates the first stalled polyubiquitinated ribosome in an ATP-dependent manner.
Title: RQT complex dissociates ribosomes collided on endogenous RQC substrate SDD1.
premature arrest at ribosome stalling sequences still occurred robustly in the absence of Asc1, Hel2, and Slh1. However, these three factors were required for the ribosome quality control complex to modify the nascent chain.
Title: Asc1, Hel2, and Slh1 couple translation arrest to nascent chain degradation.
More detailed analyses indicated that the effects of K63R mutants were independent of the proteasome and that K63 polyubiquitination is dependent on Hel2, one of the E3 ligases.
Title: Inhibiting K63 polyubiquitination abolishes no-go type stalled translation surveillance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
The results highlight the importance of posttranslational histone regulatory mechanisms that employ multiple E3 ubiquitin ligases such as Hel2(YDR266C)to ensure excess histone degradation and thus contribute to the maintenance of genomic stability.
Title: Novel E3 ubiquitin ligases that regulate histone protein levels in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by SGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ribosome binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables stalled ribosome sensor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	RCA inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in histone catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mRNA destabilization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in nonfunctional rRNA decay	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, no-go decay	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein K63-linked ubiquitination	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein ubiquitination	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein ubiquitination	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in rescue of stalled ribosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in rescue of stalled ribosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in rescue of stalled ribosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosolic ribosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HEL2

NP_010552.3

EC 2.3.2.27

RING finger ubiquitin ligase (E3); subunit of ribosome-associated quality control trigger complex (RQT); involved in ubiquitination and degradation of excess histones; interacts with Ubc4p and Rad53p; required to trigger ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) and canonical no-go decay; ubiquitinates Rps20 and Rps3; binds to ribosomal RNA, mRNA and tRNA

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_001136.10 Reference assembly

Range

1000104..1002023 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001180574.3 → NP_010552.3 TPA: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HEL2 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_010552.3

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D6VSQ0, Q05580

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6ZYL9, B3LG24, B5VGF0, C7GS87, C8Z5H9, G2WB09, N1P6R1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

COG5236
Location:1 → 507

COG5236; Uncharacterized conserved protein, contains RING Zn-finger [General function prediction only]