Pklr pyruvate kinase L/R [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Pklrprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: pyruvate kinase L/Rprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:3336
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000020420 AllianceGenome:RGD:3336
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: PK1; PKL; Pklg
Summary: Enables monosaccharide binding activity and pyruvate kinase activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to epinephrine stimulus; cellular response to insulin stimulus; and pyruvate metabolic process. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of pyruvate kinase complex. Predicted to be active in cytosol. Biomarker of hyperglycemia and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Gaucher's disease; congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia; malaria; pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells; and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human PKLR (pyruvate kinase L/R). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Liver (RPKM 407.7), Kidney (RPKM 72.2) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q34

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	2	NC_086020.1 (176840779..176849637)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	2	NC_051337.1 (174543008..174551863)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	2	NC_005101.4 (188449158..188458034)

Chromosome 2 - NC_086020.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Distinct Hepatic PKA and CDK Signaling Pathways Control Activity-Independent Pyruvate Kinase Phosphorylation and Hepatic Glucose Production.
Title: Distinct Hepatic PKA and CDK Signaling Pathways Control Activity-Independent Pyruvate Kinase Phosphorylation and Hepatic Glucose Production.
Studied the effect of the point mutations around this phosphorylation site on the catalytic properties of L-pyruvate kinase.
Title: Probing L-pyruvate kinase regulatory phosphorylation site by mutagenesis.
Data report that DNA hypermethylation is correlated with a decline in hepatic glucokinase (Gck) and L-type pyruvate kinase (LPK) expression in high-fat diet-induced obese rats as compared with the control diet group.
Title: Hypermethylation of hepatic glucokinase and L-type pyruvate kinase promoters in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.
Data show that glucose regulates acetylation and methylation of various histone residues at the L-PK gene promoter.
Title: cAMP prevents glucose-mediated modifications of histone H3 and recruitment of the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme to the L-PK gene promoter.
cAMP and glucose signaling converge on a complex containing ChREBP, HNF4alpha, and CBP, and cAMP acts by disrupting this transcriptional complex assembled by glucose-derived signals
Title: cAMP opposes the glucose-mediated induction of the L-PK gene by preventing the recruitment of a complex containing ChREBP, HNF4alpha, and CBP.
A detailed analysis of the molecular events of the insulin-independent glucose response of the liver-type pyruvate kinase (L-PK) gene was performed.
Title: Detailed molecular analysis of the induction of the L-PK gene by glucose.
A novel chimeric promoter, consisting of a 1.6 kb glucose 6-phosphatase promoter and a segment of the regulatory element derived from the L-type pyruvate kinase promoter, was designed to provide strong and tight control of insulin expression in liver.
Title: Coupling of glucose response element from L-type pyruvate kinase and G6Pase promoter enhances glucose responsive activity in hepatoma cells.
Maximal glucose-induced expression of the L-PK gene in INS-1-derived 832/13 cells involves increased c-Myc abundance, recruitment of c-Myc, Max, and ChREBP to the promoter, and a glucose-stimulated increase in ChREBP transactivation.
Title: c-Myc and ChREBP regulate glucose-mediated expression of the L-type pyruvate kinase gene in INS-1-derived 832/13 cells.
cooperative interaction between NF1 family members and HNF1alpha plays an important role in hepatic L-PK transcription
Title: Nuclear factor 1 family members interact with hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha to synergistically activate L-type pyruvate kinase gene transcription.
c-Myc is required for the glucose-mediated induction of this metabolic enzyme.
Title: c-Myc is required for the glucose-mediated induction of metabolic enzyme genes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Pklr (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:507143

D2Mit20 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119370

RH134398 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:217680

RH130560 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:213844

D2Wox19 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:240033

BE105864 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:245922

D2Wox20 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:240035

D2Wox22 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:240036

RH94486 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119734

D2Wox21 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:117959

D2Arb15 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:227313

d2mgh28 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:121599

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables magnesium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables monosaccharide binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables potassium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables pyruvate kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables pyruvate kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables pyruvate kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables pyruvate kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular response to epinephrine stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glycolytic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glycolytic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glycolytic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glycolytic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in pyruvate biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ATP	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to cAMP	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to glucose	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hypoxia	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to metal ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to other organism	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of pyruvate kinase complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: pyruvate kinase PKLR

Names: L-PK; pyruvate kinase isozymes L/R; pyruvate kinase isozymes R/L; pyruvate kinase, liver and RBC; pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cell

NP_036756.3

EC 2.7.1.40

XP_006232655.1

EC 2.7.1.40

XP_038957668.1

EC 2.7.1.40

XP_063137374.1

EC 2.7.1.40

XP_063137375.1

EC 2.7.1.40

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_012624.3 → NP_036756.3 pyruvate kinase PKLR

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_036756.3

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000002

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0H2UI07, B1WBN9

Related

ENSRNOP00000093132.1, ENSRNOT00000103387.2

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd00288
Location:54 → 542

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...

TIGR01064
Location:55 → 539

pyruv_kin; pyruvate kinase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086020.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

176840779..176849637

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006232593.5 → XP_006232655.1 pyruvate kinase PKLR isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006232655.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P04763, P12928, Q64618

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0H2UI07, A6J6C1

Related

ENSRNOP00000027700.3, ENSRNOT00000027700.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:85 → 573

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
XM_063281305.1 → XP_063137375.1 pyruvate kinase PKLR isoform X3
XM_063281304.1 → XP_063137374.1 pyruvate kinase PKLR isoform X3
XM_039101740.2 → XP_038957668.1 pyruvate kinase PKLR isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0H2UI07

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:21 → 509

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...