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    GPR161 G protein-coupled receptor 161 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 23432, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    GPR161provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    G protein-coupled receptor 161provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:23694
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000143147 MIM:612250; AllianceGenome:HGNC:23694
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    RE2
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor whose ligand is unknown. This gene is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer, and disruption of this gene slows the proliferation of basal breast cancer cells. Therefore, this gene is a potential drug target for triple-negative breast cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]
    Expression
    Broad expression in endometrium (RPKM 8.0), esophagus (RPKM 3.6) and 20 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See GPR161 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1q24.2
    Exon count:
    11
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (168079542..168137667, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (167431007..167489154, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (168048780..168106905, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 6 Neighboring gene microRNA 1255b-2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168025104-168025604 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7850 Neighboring gene GCSH pseudogene 5 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168054775-168055275 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168065654-168066154 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168066155-168066655 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1542 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11959 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168147823-168148324 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2057 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168163898-168164682 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168166417-168166917 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:168177413-168178005 Neighboring gene TOR signaling pathway regulator Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L34 pseudogene 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. False positive non-synonymous polymorphisms of G-protein coupled receptor genes. Small KM, et al. FEBS Lett, 2002 Apr 10. PMID 11959142
    2. Germline GPR161 Mutations Predispose to Pediatric Medulloblastoma. Begemann M, et al. J Clin Oncol, 2020 Jan 1. PMID 31609649, Free PMC Article
    3. The structural basis of G-protein-coupled receptor function and dysfunction in human diseases. Schöneberg T, et al. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol, 2002. PMID 11987825
    4. G-protein-coupled receptor GPR161 is overexpressed in breast cancer and is a promoter of cell proliferation and invasion. Feigin ME, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2014 Mar 18. PMID 24599592, Free PMC Article
    5. Identification of a novel G-protein coupled receptor expressed in distinct brain regions and a defined olfactory zone. Raming K, et al. Recept Channels, 1998. PMID 9932290

    See all (32) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Authors describe a novel brain tumor predisposition syndrome that is caused by germline GPR161 mutations and characterized by MBSHH in infants.
      Title: Germline GPR161 Mutations Predispose to Pediatric Medulloblastoma.
    2. rare variants of GPR161 from Spina bifida infants and determination of their functional relevance in the Shh and Wnt signaling pathways
      Title: Dominant negative GPR161 rare variants are risk factors of human spina bifida.
    3. Gpr161 restricts cerebellar granule cell progenitor production by preventing premature and sonic hedgehog-dependent pathway activity, highlighting the importance of basal pathway suppression in tumorigenesis
      Title: Basal Suppression of the Sonic Hedgehog Pathway by the G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Gpr161 Restricts Medulloblastoma Pathogenesis.
    4. Gpr161 is a critical factor in the basal suppression machinery of Shh signaling, neural tube morphogenesis and closure. (Review)
      Title: G-protein-coupled receptor signaling and neural tube closure defects.
    5. Gpr161 is an A-kinase anchoring protein and the cAMP-sensing Gpr161:PKA complex acts as cilium-compartmentalized signalosome
      Title: Gpr161 anchoring of PKA consolidates GPCR and cAMP signaling.
    6. Smoothened determines beta-arrestin-mediated removal of the G protein-coupled receptor Gpr161 from the primary cilium.
      Title: Smoothened determines β-arrestin-mediated removal of the G protein-coupled receptor Gpr161 from the primary cilium.
    7. G-protein-coupled receptor GPR161 is overexpressed in breast cancer and is a promoter of cell proliferation and invasion.
      Title: G-protein-coupled receptor GPR161 is overexpressed in breast cancer and is a promoter of cell proliferation and invasion.
    8. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Follow-up of a major linkage peak on chromosome 1 reveals suggestive QTLs associated with essential hypertension: GenNet study.
    9. False positive non-synonymous polymorphisms of G-protein coupled receptor genes.
      Title: False positive non-synonymous polymorphisms of G-protein coupled receptor genes.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Medulloblastoma
    MedGen: C0025149 OMIM: 155255 GeneReviews: Not available
    		Compare labs

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ33952

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables G protein-coupled receptor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in ciliary membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in cilium ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    located_in endocytic vesicle membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in glial cell projection IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in neuron projection IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in recycling endosome IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in recycling endosome ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    G-protein coupled receptor 161
    Names
    G-protein coupled receptor RE2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_053052.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5738..63126
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001267609.1 → NP_001254538.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254538.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA662800, AK299634, AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58043.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8N6U8
      Related
      ENSP00000441039.1, ENST00000537209.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam00001
      Location:64 → 344
      7tm_1; 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
      cl21561
      Location:55 → 184
      7tm_4; Olfactory receptor

    2. NM_001267610.2 → NP_001254539.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254539.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Related
      ENSP00000356809.1, ENST00000367835.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    3. NM_001267611.1 → NP_001254540.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254540.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA662800, AK310019, AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS72978.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0A0MQW8
      Related
      ENSP00000271357.6, ENST00000271357.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam00001
      Location:61 → 341
      7tm_1; 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
      cl21561
      Location:52 → 181
      7tm_4; Olfactory receptor

    4. NM_001267612.2 → NP_001254541.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254541.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58042.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8N6U8
      Related
      ENSP00000356810.1, ENST00000367836.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:10 → 32
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:1 → 203
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    5. NM_001267613.1 → NP_001254542.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 5

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254542.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA662800, AK298797, AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58044.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8N6U8
      Related
      ENSP00000437576.1, ENST00000539777.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:68 → 84
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:48 → 257
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    6. NM_001267614.1 → NP_001254543.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 6

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254543.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA662800, AK298850, AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58045.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8N6U8
      Related
      ENSP00000444348.1, ENST00000546300.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00001
      Location:12 → 210
      7tm_1; 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)

    7. NM_001349632.1 → NP_001336561.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    8. NM_001349633.1 → NP_001336562.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    9. NM_001349634.1 → NP_001336563.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    10. NM_001349635.1 → NP_001336564.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 4

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58042.1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:10 → 32
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:1 → 203
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    11. NM_001375883.1 → NP_001362812.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Related
      ENSP00000506967.1, ENST00000682931.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    12. NM_001375884.1 → NP_001362813.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    13. NM_001375885.1 → NP_001362814.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    14. NM_001381909.1 → NP_001368838.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    15. NM_153832.3 → NP_722561.1  G-protein coupled receptor 161 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_722561.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL033532
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS1268.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV34, B7Z5D7, B7Z5E8, B7Z5Z6, F5GXD6, F5H6J7, O75963, Q5TGK0, Q5TGK1, Q5TGK2, Q8N6U8
      Related
      ENSP00000356812.1, ENST00000367838.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15214
      Location:29 → 335
      7tmA_GPR161; orphan G protein-coupled receptor 161, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      168079542..168137667 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      167431007..167489154 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_007369.2: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_007369.2: This RefSeq was suppressed because it mistakenly represents a partial CDS. The full-length CDS is represented in a different record (NM_153832).
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8N6U8.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8N6U8

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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