HLA-DPA1 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: HLA-DPA1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4938
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000231389 MIM:142880; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4938
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: DPA1; PLT1; HLADP; HLASB; DP(W3); DP(W4); HLA-DPA; HLA-DP1A; HLA-DPB1
Summary: HLA-DPA1 belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DPA) and a beta (DPB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DP molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to 4 different molecules. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Broad expression in lymph node (RPKM 361.8), spleen (RPKM 361.5) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 6p21.32

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	6	NC_000006.12 (33064569..33080748, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	6	NC_060930.1 (32885920..32902099, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	6	NC_000006.11 (33032346..33048525, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Characterisation of five new variants of HLA-DPA1.
Title: Characterisation of five new variants of HLA-DPA1.
The effect of HLA-DP gene polymorphisms in Plasmodium Vivax-induced malaria susceptibility.
Title: The effect of HLA-DP gene polymorphisms in Plasmodium Vivax-induced malaria susceptibility.
Bioinformatics analysis identifies a key gene HLA_DPA1 in severe influenza-associated immune infiltration.
Title: Bioinformatics analysis identifies a key gene HLA_DPA1 in severe influenza-associated immune infiltration.
HLA-DPA1 overexpression inhibits cancer progression, reduces resistance to cisplatin, and correlates with increased immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.
Title: HLA-DPA1 overexpression inhibits cancer progression, reduces resistance to cisplatin, and correlates with increased immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs9277336 Controls the Nuclear Alpha Actinin 4-Human Leukocyte Antigen-DPA1 Axis and Pulmonary Endothelial Pathophenotypes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Title: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs9277336 Controls the Nuclear Alpha Actinin 4-Human Leukocyte Antigen-DPA1 Axis and Pulmonary Endothelial Pathophenotypes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Identification of HLA-DPA1*01:03:01:57 and HLA-DPA1*02:01:01:29 from a case-control study of atopic dermatitis.
Title: Identification of HLA-DPA1*01:03:01:57 and HLA-DPA1*02:01:01:29 from a case-control study of atopic dermatitis.
Identification of the novel HLA-DPA1*01:03:43 allele resulting from an intralocus recombination involving the DPA1*04:01:01:03 and DPA1*01:03:01:27 alleles sequenced by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).
Title: Identification of the novel HLA-DPA1*01:03:43 allele resulting from an intralocus recombination involving the DPA1*04:01:01:03 and DPA1*01:03:01:27 alleles sequenced by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).
Association of HLA-DPA1 polymorphism with prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing liver transplantation.
Title: Association of HLA-DPA1 polymorphism with prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing liver transplantation.
Characterization of the novel HLA-DPA1 allele, HLA-DPA1*01:86.
Title: Characterization of the novel HLA-DPA1 allele, HLA-DPA1*01:86.
Characterization of the novel HLA-DPA1*01:61 allele by sequencing-based typing.
Title: Characterization of the novel HLA-DPA1*01:61 allele by sequencing-based typing.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (63)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association study identified new variants associated with the risk of chronic hepatitis B. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
A genome-wide association study of chronic hepatitis B identified novel risk locus in a Japanese population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study confirming association of HLA-DP with protection against chronic hepatitis B and viral clearance in Japanese and Korean. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study identifies HLA-DP as a susceptibility gene for pediatric asthma in Asian populations. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for IgA nephropathy. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease in a Korean population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Identification of novel genetic markers associated with clinical phenotypes of systemic sclerosis through a genome-wide association strategy. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	HIV envelope protein gp120 can specifically inhibit CD4-dependent class II MHC-restricted T cell response to Ag	PubMed
	env	Amino acid residues 42-49 in the V1 region of CD4 are involved in the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules	PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	env	Processing of HIV-1 gp160 to gp120 and gp41 is necessary for the association of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins with class II MHC	PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41	env	A 43-amino-acid sequence between amino acids 708 and 750 in the HIV-1 gp41(TM) cytoplasmic tail is required for efficient incorporation of HLA class II proteins into virions	PubMed
	env	Soluble HIV-1 gp41 can selectively enhance MHC class I and II expression on human B cells, but does not increase expression of other cell surface antigens such as CD21 and CD54 (ICAM-1)	PubMed
	env	Soluble HIV-1 gp41 enhancement effects on MHC class I and II antigen expression can be inhibited by soluble gp41-binding proteins of 45, 49 and 62 kD from human B cells	PubMed
Nef	nef	Expression of patient-derived HIV-1 nef alleles downregulates MHC-II cell surface expression in activated CD4+ T cells	PubMed
	nef	HIV-1 group N and group O Nef alleles only weakly downregulate CD4, CD28, and class I and II MHC molecules	PubMed
	nef	HIV-1 Nef expression inhibits MHC II presentation of viral antigens in infected antigen-presenting cells	PubMed
	nef	Nef-triggered MHCII endocytosis requires Rab5 activity and lyst function, whereas lysosomal trafficking of internalized MHCII molecules requires Rab7 activity	PubMed
Pr55(Gag)	gag	HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles efficiently activate human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) and induce MDDC maturation with an associated increase in the surface expression of CD80, CD86 and MHC classes I and II	PubMed
	gag	Two peptides of the CA domain of HIV-1 Gag, VDRFYKTLRAEQASQ and DRFYKLTRAEQASQ, are presented on MHC II molecules of dendritic cells and have similar sensitivity for antigen-specific T cells	PubMed
	gag	HIV-1 Gag virus-like particle-induced monocyte activation is shown by upregulation of molecules involved in antigen presentation (MHC II, CD80, CD86) and cell adhesion (CD54)	PubMed
Tat	tat	HIV-1 Tat downregulates expression of MHC class II genes in antigen-presenting cells (APC) by inhibiting the transactivator of MHC class II genes, CIITA	PubMed
Vpu	vpu	HIV-1 Vpu interacts with CD74 and modulates MHC II in HIV-1-infected cells	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH46610 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:67435

RH121960 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:94860

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables MHC class II protein complex binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables MHC class II receptor activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables peptide antigen binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables peptide antigen binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adaptive immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to type II interferon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in immune response	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in peptide antigen assembly with MHC class II protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of T cell activation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of T cell activation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of T cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of type II interferon production	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in Golgi membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
part_of MHC class II protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of MHC class II protein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cell surface	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endocytic vesicle membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
is_active_in late endosome membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in lysosomal membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in lysosomal membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in plasma membrane	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in trans-Golgi network membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in transport vesicle membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain

Names: HLA DPA1; HLA-SB alpha chain; MHC class II DP alpha chain; MHC class II DP3-alpha; MHC class II HLA-DPA1 antigen; MHC class II anitgen; MHC class II antigen DP alpha chain; MHC class II protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.