FRG1 FSHD region gene 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: FRG1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: FSHD region gene 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:3954
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000109536 MIM:601278; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3954
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: FSG1; FRG1A
Summary: This gene maps to a location 100 kb centromeric of the repeat units on chromosome 4q35 which are deleted in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). It is evolutionarily conserved and has related sequences on multiple human chromosomes but DNA sequence analysis did not reveal any homology to known genes. In vivo studies demonstrate the encoded protein is localized to the nucleolus. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 24.3), fat (RPKM 19.1) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4q35.2

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	4	NC_000004.12 (189940872..189963192)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	4	NC_060928.1 (193305857..193328177)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	4	NC_000004.11 (190862027..190884347)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Unveiling FRG1's DNA repair role in breast cancer.
Title: Unveiling FRG1's DNA repair role in breast cancer.
Role of FRG1 in predicting the overall survivability in cancers using multivariate based optimal model.
Title: Role of FRG1 in predicting the overall survivability in cancers using multivariate based optimal model.
Mutations in FRG1 and KMT2C were found to be associated with a younger age especially after correcting for tobacco smoking and sex in Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Title: Comprehensive analysis of age-related somatic mutation profiles in Chinese young lung adenocarcinoma patients.
FRG1 expression is reduced in prostate adenocarcinoma tissue. FRG1 expression affects migration and invasion in AR negative prostate cancer cells through known MMPs and cytokines, which may be mediated primarily via p38 MAPK activation.
Title: Reduced FRG1 expression promotes prostate cancer progression and affects prostate cancer cell migration and invasion.
Immunohistochemistry analysis showed reduced FRG1 levels in tumors which were supported by in silico analysis data. These findings suggest that reduction in FRG1 expression in gastric, colon and oral cavity tumor might have a role in tumor progression, by regulating cell migration and invasiveness. To elucidate a better understanding of molecular signaling involving FRG1 in angiogenesis regulation, further study is requir
Title: Increased FSHD region gene1 expression reduces in vitro cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, ex vivo supported by reduced expression in tumors.
Penetrance of FSHD1 is low for largest alleles in the range of 9-10 RUs, and lower in women than men.
Title: Low penetrance in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 with large pathological D4Z4 alleles: a cross-sectional multicenter study.
Our results demonstrate that FRG1 is a direct DUX4 transcriptional target uncovering a novel regulatory circuit contributing to Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.
Title: Direct interplay between two candidate genes in FSHD muscular dystrophy.
FRG1 mice overexpressing FHL1 showed an improvement in the dystrophic phenotype
Title: FHL1 reduces dystrophy in transgenic mice overexpressing FSHD muscular dystrophy region gene 1 (FRG1).
Study showed that the variability in clinical severity of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy in FSHD1 and FSHD2 individuals is dependent on individual differences in susceptibility to D4Z4 hypomethylation.
Title: Inter-individual differences in CpG methylation at D4Z4 correlate with clinical variability in FSHD1 and FSHD2.
This study suggests a novel role of FRG1 as epigenetic regulator of muscle differentiation and indicates that Suv4-20h1 has a gene-specific function in myogenesis.
Title: FSHD muscular dystrophy region gene 1 binds Suv4-20h1 histone methyltransferase and impairs myogenesis.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 1 MedGen: C5399970 OMIM: 158900 GeneReviews: Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy	Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study of chronic periodontitis in a general German population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Pr55(Gag)	gag	HIV-1 Gag interacts with FRG1 as demonstrated by proximity dependent biotinylation proteomics	PubMed
Tat	tat	Expression of HIV-1 Tat upregulates the abundance of FSHD region gene 1 (FRG1) in the nucleoli of Jurkat T-cells	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

BARC0069 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:260476

SGC38233 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:446

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables RNA binding	HDA more info	PubMed
enables actin filament binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
involved_in muscle organ development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in rRNA processing	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Cajal body	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in Z disc	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of catalytic step 2 spliceosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of catalytic step 2 spliceosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleolus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in striated muscle dense body	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: protein FRG1

Names: FSHD region gene 1 protein; facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy region gene-1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.