PPBP pro-platelet basic protein [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PPBPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: pro-platelet basic proteinprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:9240
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000163736 MIM:121010; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9240
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PBP; TC1; TC2; TGB; LDGF; MDGF; TGB1; B-TG1; CTAP3; CXCL7; NAP-2; SCYB7; THBGB; LA-PF4; THBGB1; Beta-TG; CTAPIII; CTAP-III
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a platelet-derived growth factor that belongs to the CXC chemokine family. This growth factor is a potent chemoattractant and activator of neutrophils. It has been shown to stimulate various cellular processes including DNA synthesis, mitosis, glycolysis, intracellular cAMP accumulation, prostaglandin E2 secretion, and synthesis of hyaluronic acid and sulfated glycosaminoglycan. It also stimulates the formation and secretion of plasminogen activator by synovial cells. The protein also is an antimicrobial protein with bactericidal and antifungal activity. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
Expression: Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 35.8), spleen (RPKM 5.3) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4q13.3

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	4	NC_000004.12 (73986439..73988190, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	4	NC_060928.1 (77330080..77331831, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	4	NC_000004.11 (74852156..74853907, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

An Evaluation of Platelet Factor 4, Beta-Thromboglobulin and Mean Platelet Volume in the Assessment of Thrombotic Risks in Subjects with Diabetes Mellitus at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.
Title: An Evaluation of Platelet Factor 4, Beta-Thromboglobulin and Mean Platelet Volume in the Assessment of Thrombotic Risks in Subjects with Diabetes Mellitus at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.
PPBP gene as a biomarker for coronary heart disease risk in postmenopausal Thai women.
Title: PPBP gene as a biomarker for coronary heart disease risk in postmenopausal Thai women.
CXCL7 aggravates the pathological manifestations of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder by enhancing the inflammatory infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages and microglia.
Title: CXCL7 aggravates the pathological manifestations of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder by enhancing the inflammatory infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages and microglia.
SWATH-MS identification of CXCL7, LBP, TGFbeta1 and PDGFRbeta as novel biomarkers in human systemic mastocytosis.
Title: SWATH-MS identification of CXCL7, LBP, TGFβ1 and PDGFRβ as novel biomarkers in human systemic mastocytosis.
Monocytes secrete CXCL7 to promote breast cancer progression.
Title: Monocytes secrete CXCL7 to promote breast cancer progression.
Platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin mRNAs in circulating microparticles of trauma patients as diagnostic markers for deep vein thrombosis.
Title: Platelet factor 4 and β-thromboglobulin mRNAs in circulating microparticles of trauma patients as diagnostic markers for deep vein thrombosis.
Increased CCL24 and CXCL7 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurosyphilis.
Title: Increased CCL24 and CXCL7 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurosyphilis.
Increased Plasma Levels of Platelet Factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.
Title: Increased Plasma Levels of Platelet Factor 4 and β-thromboglobulin in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.
The combination of three proteins - apolipoprotein A-IV, complement factor H-related protein 4 and platelet basic protein - demonstrated the best classification performance for our data for diagnosis of growth hormone defic.
Title: Identification of candidate serum biomarkers of childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency using SWATH-MS and feature selection.
High CTAPIII expression is associated with lung cancer.
Title: CTAPIII/CXCL7: a novel biomarker for early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (51)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Novel Loci for metabolic networks and multi-tissue expression studies reveal genes for atherosclerosis. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Nef	nef	HIV-1 Nef specifically incorporates CSF2, PPBP (NAP2), CCL5, TNF, FAS, CXCL1, IL12B, MIF and OSM into plasma extracellular vesicles from HIV-1 infected patient samples	PubMed
retropepsin	gag-pol	Connective tissue-activating peptide (CTAPIII) and neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP/2) are generated by digestion of a ubiquitin-CTAPIII conjugate with yeast ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (YUH1) and HIV protease, respectively	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-50812 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:72452

SHGC4-129 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:2420

SHGC-12412 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:92867

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables CXCR chemokine receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables D-glucose transmembrane transporter activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables chemokine activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in D-glucose transmembrane transport	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in defense response to bacterium	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in inflammatory response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in killing of cells of another organism	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neutrophil chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in platelet alpha granule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in platelet alpha granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in tertiary granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: platelet basic protein

Names: C-X-C motif chemokine 7; CXC chemokine ligand 7; beta-thromboglobulin; chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7; connective tissue-activating peptide III; leukocyte-derived growth factor; low-affinity platelet factor IV; macrophage-derived growth factor; neutrophil-activating peptide 2; small inducible cytokine B7; small inducible cytokine subfamily B, member 7; thrombocidin 1; thrombocidin 2; thromboglobulin, beta-1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_002704.3 → NP_002695.1 platelet basic protein preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002695.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC097709, DA419455

Consensus CDS

CCDS3563.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B2R5F3, P02775, Q6IBJ8

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

D3JV41

Related

ENSP00000296028.3, ENST00000296028.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00273
Location:60 → 122

Chemokine_CXC; 1 of 4 subgroup designations based on the arrangement of the two N-terminal cysteine residues; includes a number of secreted growth factors and interferons involved in mitogenic, chemotactic, and inflammatory activity; many members contain an RCxC motif ...