CRP C-reactive protein [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CRPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: C-reactive proteinprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:2367
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000132693 MIM:123260; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2367
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PTX1
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pentraxin family which also includes serum amyloid P component protein and pentraxin 3. Pentraxins are involved in complement activation and amplification via communication with complement initiation pattern recognition molecules, but also complement regulation via recruitment of complement regulators. The encoded protein has a calcium dependent ligand binding domain with a distinctive flattened beta-jellyroll structure. It exists in two forms as either a pentamer in circulation or as a nonsoluble monomer in tissues. It is involved in several host defense related functions based on its ability to recognize foreign pathogens and damaged cells of the host and to initiate their elimination by interacting with humoral and cellular effector systems in the blood. Consequently, the level of this protein in plasma increases greatly during acute phase response to tissue injury, infection, or other inflammatory stimuli. Elevated expression of the encoded protein is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
Annotation information: Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in cytokine storm inflammatory response.
Expression: Restricted expression toward liver (RPKM 456.5) See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q23.2

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (159712289..159714589, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (158849333..158851633, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (159682079..159684379, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Role of estradiol and C-reactive protein levels on genitourinary syndrome in menopausal women.
Title: Role of estradiol and C-reactive protein levels on genitourinary syndrome in menopausal women.
Structural basis for surface activation of the classical complement cascade by the short pentraxin C-reactive protein.
Title: Structural basis for surface activation of the classical complement cascade by the short pentraxin C-reactive protein.
Investigating the association between inflammation mediated by mushroom consumption and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults.
Title: Investigating the association between inflammation mediated by mushroom consumption and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults.
GlycA and CRP Are Genetically Correlated: Insight into the Genetic Architecture of Inflammageing.
Title: GlycA and CRP Are Genetically Correlated: Insight into the Genetic Architecture of Inflammageing.
Unraveling the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and frailty: evidence from longitudinal cohort study and genetic analysis.
Title: Unraveling the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and frailty: evidence from longitudinal cohort study and genetic analysis.
C-reactive protein: structure, function, regulation, and role in clinical diseases.
Title: C-reactive protein: structure, function, regulation, and role in clinical diseases.
C-reactive protein gene polymorphisms influence susceptibility and outcomes of biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis in Italian patients.
Title: C-reactive protein gene polymorphisms influence susceptibility and outcomes of biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis in Italian patients.
Transgenic human C-reactive protein affects oxidative stress but not inflammation biomarkers in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Title: Transgenic human C-reactive protein affects oxidative stress but not inflammation biomarkers in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Role of Calprotectin, IL-6, and CRP in Distinguishing Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Title: Role of Calprotectin, IL-6, and CRP in Distinguishing Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Exploring the relations of NLR, hsCRP and MCP-1 with type 2 diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.
Title: Exploring the relations of NLR, hsCRP and MCP-1 with type 2 diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (2303)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association scan on the levels of markers of inflammation in Sardinians reveals associations that underpin its complex regulation. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
A genome-wide association study identifies protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs). EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Are C-reactive protein associated genetic variants associated with serum levels and retinal markers of microvascular pathology in Asian populations from Singapore? EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
C-reactive protein (CRP) promoter polymorphisms influence circulating CRP levels in a genome-wide association study of African Americans. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Common Variants in the CRP Promoter are Associated with a High C-Reactive Protein Level in Kawasaki Disease. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genetic Loci associated with C-reactive protein levels and risk of coronary heart disease. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association analysis of metabolic traits in a birth cohort from a founder population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association and population genetic analysis of C-reactive protein in African American and Hispanic American women. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association scan of tag SNPs identifies a susceptibility locus for lung cancer at 15q25.1. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study for C-reactive protein levels identified pleiotropic associations in the IL6 locus. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association with C-reactive protein levels in CLHNS: evidence for the CRP and HNF1A loci and their interaction with exposure to a pathogenic environment. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association with select biomarker traits in the Framingham Heart Study. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Loci related to metabolic-syndrome pathways including LEPR,HNF1A, IL6R, and GCKR associate with plasma C-reactive protein: the Women's Genome Health Study. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in &gt;80 000 subjects identifies multiple loci for C-reactive protein levels. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
New variants including ARG1 polymorphisms associated with C-reactive protein levels identified by genome-wide association and pathway analysis. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Polymorphisms of the HNF1A gene encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha are associated with C-reactive protein. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	The dimeric pentamers of CRP are stabilized by two zinc ions trapped within a cleft of the effector face of CRP in the presence of HIV-1 Tat protein	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

PMC98081P3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273664

RH11610 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:7172

RH11065 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:47901

RH18109 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:46901

D1S2384 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:54625

G54038 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:109420

D1S3335 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:893

CRP_559 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277129

GDB:190880 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:45732

WIAF-2117 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:45806

PMC311069P8 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272889

PMC98081P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273663

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables calcium ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables choline binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables complement component C1q complex binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables complement component C1q complex binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables low-density lipoprotein particle binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables low-density lipoprotein particle binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
NOT enables virion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acute-phase response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in inflammatory response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in innate immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of lipid storage	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in opsonization	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of superoxide anion generation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of interleukin-8 production	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within vasoconstriction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within vasoconstriction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: C-reactive protein

Names: C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related; pentraxin 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_013007.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5001..7301

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000567.3 → NP_000558.2 C-reactive protein isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000558.2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AI609949, BG533281, BG618967, X56214, X56692

Consensus CDS

CCDS30911.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8K078, D3DVD9, D3DVE0, P02741, Q08AK3, Q8WW75

Related

ENSP00000255030.5, ENST00000255030.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00354
Location:25 → 220

Pentaxin; Pentaxin family
NM_001329057.2 → NP_001315986.1 C-reactive protein isoform 1 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AI609949, AK289443, BC070257, BG618397

Consensus CDS

CCDS30911.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8K078, D3DVD9, D3DVE0, P02741, Q08AK3, Q8WW75

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00354
Location:25 → 220

Pentaxin; Pentaxin family
NM_001329058.2 → NP_001315987.1 C-reactive protein isoform 2 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AI609949, AL445528, BC020766

Consensus CDS

CCDS86024.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P02741

Related

ENSP00000357093.1, ENST00000368112.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl22861
Location:19 → 66

LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
NM_001382703.1 → NP_001369632.1 C-reactive protein isoform 3 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL445528

Consensus CDS

CCDS91082.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q5VVP7

Related

ENSP00000357091.1, ENST00000368110.1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl22861
Location:19 → 102

LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...