Hmga2 high mobility group AT-hook 2 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Hmga2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: high mobility group AT-hook 2provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:101761
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000056758 AllianceGenome:MGI:101761
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: pg; Hmgic; pygmy; HMGI-C; 9430083A20Rik
Summary: Enables minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of cellular senescence; positive regulation of angiogenesis; and positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including endocrine system development; lung development; and positive regulation of cell population proliferation. Located in male germ cell nucleus and nuclear chromosome. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; brain; genitourinary system; limb long bone; and sensory organ. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Silver-Russell syndrome; leiomyoma; lipoma; and ovarian cancer. Orthologous to human HMGA2 (high mobility group AT-hook 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in CNS E11.5 (RPKM 40.3), limb E14.5 (RPKM 26.9) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 10 D2; 10 67.94 cM

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	10	NC_000076.7 (120197173..120312374, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	10	NC_000076.6 (120361268..120476469, complement)

Chromosome 10 - NC_000076.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

[Hmga2 knockdown enhances osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and accelerates bone defect healing in mice].
Title: [Hmga2 knockdown enhances osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and accelerates bone defect healing in mice].
Chromatin modifier Hmga2 promotes adult hematopoietic stem cell function and blood regeneration in stress conditions.
Title: Chromatin modifier Hmga2 promotes adult hematopoietic stem cell function and blood regeneration in stress conditions.
Characterization of HMGA2 variants expands the spectrum of Silver-Russell syndrome.
Title: Characterization of HMGA2 variants expands the spectrum of Silver-Russell syndrome.
The role of HMGA2 in activating the IGFBP2 expression to promote angiogenesis and LUAD metastasis via the PI3K/AKT/VEGFA signaling pathway.
Title: The role of HMGA2 in activating the IGFBP2 expression to promote angiogenesis and LUAD metastasis via the PI3K/AKT/VEGFA signaling pathway.
Identifying Hmga2 preserving visual function by promoting a shift of Muller glia cell fate in mice with acute retinal injury.
Title: Identifying Hmga2 preserving visual function by promoting a shift of Müller glia cell fate in mice with acute retinal injury.
HMGA2 directly mediates chromatin condensation in association with neuronal fate regulation.
Title: HMGA2 directly mediates chromatin condensation in association with neuronal fate regulation.
METTL3-mediated m6A modification of HMGA2 mRNA promotes subretinal fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Title: METTL3-mediated m6A modification of HMGA2 mRNA promotes subretinal fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Unraveling the Roles of miR-204-5p and HMGA2 in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Tumorigenesis.
Title: Unraveling the Roles of miR-204-5p and HMGA2 in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Tumorigenesis.
Adipose-derived exosomes block muscular stem cell proliferation in aged mouse by delivering miRNA Let-7d-3p that targets transcription factor HMGA2.
Title: Adipose-derived exosomes block muscular stem cell proliferation in aged mouse by delivering miRNA Let-7d-3p that targets transcription factor HMGA2.
MicroRNA let-7f alleviates vascular endothelial cell dysfunction via targeting HMGA2 under oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation.
Title: MicroRNA let-7f alleviates vascular endothelial cell dysfunction via targeting HMGA2 under oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (54)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1) 1 citation
Spontaneous (1)
Targeted (3) 1 citation
Transgenic (2) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

X58380 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:160034

Hmga2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:498761

Hmga2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:256676

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:236475

RH126746 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:208614

Hmga2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143353

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables C2H2 zinc finger domain binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables C2H2 zinc finger domain binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables DNA binding, bending	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA binding, bending	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables MH1 domain binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables MH1 domain binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables MH2 domain binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables MH2 domain binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables SMAD binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cAMP response element binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cAMP response element binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables enzyme binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables nucleic acid binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nucleosomal DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nucleosomal DNA binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables transcription coregulator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription corepressor activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within adipose tissue development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within adrenal gland development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of astrocyte differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in base-excision repair	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in base-excision repair	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell proliferation in forebrain	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in chondrocyte differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in chondrocyte differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in chondrocyte proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in chondrocyte proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in chromosome condensation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in endodermal cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in endodermal cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in epithelial to mesenchymal transition	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in epithelial to mesenchymal transition	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in fat cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in fat cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within fat pad development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of fibroblast proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heterochromatin formation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in heterochromatin formation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in intracellular signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in intracellular signal transduction	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lung epithelium development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within male gonad development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in meiotic cell cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in mesenchymal cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mesenchymal cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in mesodermal cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mesodermal cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in mesodermal-endodermal cell signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mesodermal-endodermal cell signaling	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism growth	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation by host of viral transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation by host of viral transcription	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of cellular senescence	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in oncogene-induced cell senescence	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in oncogene-induced cell senescence	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within pituitary gland development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of multicellular organism growth	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of stem cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of stem cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of stem cell proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of cell cycle process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell cycle process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of growth hormone secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of peptide hormone secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of stem cell population maintenance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of stem cell population maintenance	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within somatic stem cell population maintenance	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within somatic stem cell population maintenance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within spermatogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of stem cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of SMAD protein complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of SMAD protein complex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in male germ cell nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nuclear chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
part_of protein-DNA complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of protein-DNA complex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in senescence-associated heterochromatin focus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in senescence-associated heterochromatin focus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: high mobility group protein HMGI-C

Names: high mobility group AT-hook protein 2; high mobility group protein I

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001347170.1 → NP_001334099.1 high mobility group protein HMGI-C isoform 2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) includes an alternate penultimate exon, compared to variant 1, resulting in a novel 3' coding region and longer 3' UTR. It encodes isoform 2 which is longer and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC144783, BC052158, CX567918

Consensus CDS

CCDS83758.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6NSP9

Related

ENSMUSP00000123998.2, ENSMUST00000159699.2
NM_010441.3 → NP_034571.1 high mobility group protein HMGI-C isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034571.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the shorter isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

BC052158, CX567918

Consensus CDS

CCDS36073.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52927, Q3UQW0

Related

ENSMUSP00000072556.8, ENSMUST00000072777.14