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    TUBG2 tubulin gamma 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 27175, updated on 3-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    TUBG2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    tubulin gamma 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:12419
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000037042 MIM:605785; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12419
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Summary
    Predicted to enable GTP binding activity. Predicted to be a structural constituent of cytoskeleton. Predicted to be involved in microtubule cytoskeleton organization and mitotic sister chromatid segregation. Located in microtubule. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in brain (RPKM 19.4), testis (RPKM 16.1) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    See TUBG2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    17q21.2
    Exon count:
    12
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (42659284..42667006)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (43516421..43524145)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (40811302..40819024)

    Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATP synthase membrane subunit g pseudogene 7 Neighboring gene high mobility group box 3 pseudogene 27 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40811134-40811901 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40820248-40820823 Neighboring gene pleckstrin homology, MyTH4 and FERM domain containing H3 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12216 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40825209-40826082 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8540 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8541 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8542 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8543 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12217 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12218 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40829663-40830164 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40830165-40830664 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40831166-40832014 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40832015-40832863 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12568 Neighboring gene C-C motif chemokine receptor 10

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. γ-Tubulin 2 nucleates microtubules and is downregulated in mouse early embryogenesis. Vinopal S, et al. PLoS One, 2012. PMID 22235350, Free PMC Article
    2. Overexpression of γ-tubulin in non-small cell lung cancer. Maounis NF, et al. Histol Histopathol, 2012 Sep. PMID 22806905
    3. Differential expression of human γ-tubulin isotypes during neuronal development and oxidative stress points to a γ-tubulin-2 prosurvival function. Dráberová E, et al. FASEB J, 2017 May. PMID 28119396
    4. The gamma-tubulin gene family in humans. Wise DO, et al. Genomics, 2000 Jul 15. PMID 10903841
    5. Human TUBG2 gene is expressed as two splice variant mRNA and involved in cell growth. Ohashi T, et al. FEBS Lett, 2016 Apr. PMID 27015882

    See all (39) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. that in the face of predominant gamma-tubulin-1 expression, the accumulation of gamma-tubulin-2 in mature neurons and neuroblastoma cells during oxidative stress may denote a prosurvival role of gamma-tubulin-2 in neurons
      Title: Differential expression of human γ-tubulin isotypes during neuronal development and oxidative stress points to a γ-tubulin-2 prosurvival function.
    2. expression of gamma-tubulin2 along with gamma-tubulin1 and a novel TUBG2 splice variant are identified.
      Title: Human TUBG2 gene is expressed as two splice variant mRNA and involved in cell growth.
    3. Our results reveal for the first time an increased expression of TUBG1 and TUBG2 in lung cancer
      Title: Overexpression of γ-tubulin in non-small cell lung cancer.
    4. gamma-tubulin 2 is able to nucleate microtubules and substitute for gamma-tubulin 1
      Title: γ-Tubulin 2 nucleates microtubules and is downregulated in mouse early embryogenesis.
    5. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Centrosome-related genes, genetic variation, and risk of breast cancer.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat K29A, K50R, and K51R lysine mutations downregulate the proportion of soluble tubulin in cells, while the majority of other lysine mutations upregulate the percentage of soluble tubulin compared with the wild-type PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat (specifically, amino acids 38-72), enhances tubulin polymerization and triggers the mitochondrial pathway to induce T cell apoptosis as shown in vitro by the release of cytochrome c from isolated mitochondria PubMed
    Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr-expressing HeLa cells stained with centriole markers pericentrin, gamma-tubulin, and Cen2 contain multiple pairs of centrioles scattered in the perinuclear region, indicating Vpr causes the accumulation of multiple centrosome-like structures PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC131994

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables GTP binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables structural molecule activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cytoplasmic microtubule organization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in meiotic spindle organization IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in microtubule nucleation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mitotic cell cycle IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mitotic sister chromatid segregation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mitotic spindle organization IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in centrosome IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasmic microtubule IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    part_of gamma-tubulin complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in microtubule IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in microtubule IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in microtubule cytoskeleton TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in pericentriolar material IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in spindle IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in spindle microtubule IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    tubulin gamma-2 chain
    Names
    gamma-2-tubulin
    tubulin gamma 2 chain

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001320509.2 → NP_001307438.1  tubulin gamma-2 chain isoform 1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC067852, BE727957, BI819869
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A1B4Z394, A0A7P0T9G6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd02188
      Location:3 → 444
      gamma_tubulin; The gamma-tubulin family

    2. NM_016437.3 → NP_057521.1  tubulin gamma-2 chain isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_057521.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2 which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC108739, DC353745
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS32658.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6NDI4, Q32NB2, Q9NRH3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A7P0T9G6
      Related
      ENSP00000251412.6, ENST00000251412.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd02188
      Location:3 → 435
      gamma_tubulin; The gamma-tubulin family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      42659284..42667006
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047435757.1 → XP_047291713.1  tubulin gamma-2 chain isoform X1

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      43516421..43524145
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054315727.1 → XP_054171702.1  tubulin gamma-2 chain isoform X1

    2. XM_054315728.1 → XP_054171703.1  tubulin gamma-2 chain isoform X2

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9NRH3.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9NRH3

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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