P5CS1 delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: P5CS1
Official Full Name: delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1
Primary source: TAIR:AT2G39800
Locus tag: AT2G39800
See related: Araport:AT2G39800
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: ATP5CS; delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1; T5I7.10; T5I7_10
Summary: encodes a delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase that catalyzes the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of proline. Gene is expressed in reproductive organs and tissues under non-stress conditions but in the whole plant under water-limiting condition. Expression is also induced by abscisic acid and salt stress in a light-dependent manner. encodes a delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase that catalyzes the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of proline. Gene is expressed in reproductive organs and tissues under non-stress conditions but in the whole plant under water-limiting condition. Expression is also induced by abscisic acid and salt stress in a light-dependent manner. P5CS1 appears to be involved in salt stress responses related to proline accumulation, including protection from reactive oxidative species. P5CS1 appears to be present in different cells and/or different subcellular locations from P5CS2 in a tissue-dependent manner.
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Genomic context

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See P5CS1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 2

Exon count:: 21

Sequence:: Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (16598072..16603319, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003071.7

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Dynamic Arabidopsis P5CS filament facilitates substrate channelling.
Title: Dynamic Arabidopsis P5CS filament facilitates substrate channelling.
Abscisic acid-responsive element binding transcription factors contribute to proline synthesis and stress adaptation in Arabidopsis.
Title: Abscisic acid-responsive element binding transcription factors contribute to proline synthesis and stress adaptation in Arabidopsis.
P5CS1 expression in pollen
Title: Proline synthesis in developing microspores is required for pollen development and fertility.
light regulates salt-induced transcriptional memory via the function of HY5 in maintaining H3K4me3 level at the memory gene; salt-induced transcriptional memory of P5CS1 is associated with the retention of increased H3K4me3 level at P5CS1 during the recovery stage
Title: Light affects salt stress-induced transcriptional memory of P5CS1 in Arabidopsis.
The results reveal a previously unknown link between Pro metabolism and phosphate nutrition and show that Pro biosynthesis is target of cross talk between Abscisic Acid (ABA) signaling and regulation of phosphate homeostasis through PHR1- and PHL1-mediated transcriptional activation of the P5CS1 gene.
Title: Proline Accumulation Is Regulated by Transcription Factors Associated with Phosphate Starvation.
Taken together, our findings reveal the novel function of FRI in enhancing drought resistance through its downstream P5CS1 pathway during water-deficit stress, which is dependent on its target, the FLC gene.
Title: Functional FRIGIDA allele enhances drought tolerance by regulating the P5CS1 pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Evaluation of Salt Tolerance of Transgenic Tobacco Plants Bearing with P5CS1 Gene of Arabidopsis thaliana
Title: [Evaluation of Salt Tolerance of Transgenic Tobacco Plants Bearing with P5CS1 Gene of Arabidopsis thaliana].
P5CS1 and P5CS2 are expressed at similar levels and with the same pattern of expression in vegetative and floral shoot apical meristems as well as in axillary meristems.
Title: The proline biosynthetic genes P5CS1 and P5CS2 play overlapping roles in Arabidopsis flower transition but not in embryo development.
Intron-mediated alternative splicing of Arabidopsis P5CS1 and its association with natural variation in proline and climate adaptation.
Title: Intron-mediated alternative splicing of Arabidopsis P5CS1 and its association with natural variation in proline and climate adaptation.
Results show that down-regulation of P5CS1 occurred in 35S-P5CS1 leaves, leading to proline reduction, and, in turn, impaired bolting and stunted growth.
Title: Modulation of intracellular proline levels affects flowering time and inflorescence architecture in Arabidopsis.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_001202785.1

Supported by ESTs:

NM_129539.2

Supported by ESTs:

NM_201912.1

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables glutamate 5-kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in L-proline biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within hyperosmotic salinity response	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within hyperosmotic salinity response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within pollen development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within proline biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within proline biosynthetic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to abscisic acid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to desiccation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to oxidative stress	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to salt stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to water deprivation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to water deprivation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within root development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in chloroplast	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1

NP_001189714.1

delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 (P5CS1); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Glutamate 5-kinase (InterPro:IPR001057), Glutamate 5-kinase, conserved site (InterPro:IPR019797), Aspartate/glutamate/uridylate kinase (InterPro:IPR001048), Aldehyde dehydrogenase, N-terminal (InterPro:IPR016162), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR, conserved site (InterPro:IPR020593), Aldehyde dehydrogenase, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR016163), Aldehyde/histidinol dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR016161), Delta l-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (InterPro:IPR005766), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR (InterPro:IPR000965), Aldehyde dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR015590), Glutamate 5-kinase, ProB-related (InterPro:IPR005715); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 2 (TAIR:AT3G55610.1).

NP_001189715.1

delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 (P5CS1); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Glutamate 5-kinase (InterPro:IPR001057), Glutamate 5-kinase, conserved site (InterPro:IPR019797), Aspartate/glutamate/uridylate kinase (InterPro:IPR001048), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR, conserved site (InterPro:IPR020593), Aldehyde dehydrogenase, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR016163), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR (InterPro:IPR000965), Aldehyde/histidinol dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR016161), Delta l-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (InterPro:IPR005766), Aldehyde dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR015590), Glutamate 5-kinase, ProB-related (InterPro:IPR005715); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 2 (TAIR:AT3G55610.1).

NP_181510.1

delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 (P5CS1); FUNCTIONS IN: delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity; INVOLVED IN: in 9 processes; LOCATED IN: chloroplast, membrane, cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 6 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: C globular stage, D bilateral stage, E expanded cotyledon stage; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Glutamate 5-kinase (InterPro:IPR001057), Aspartate/glutamate/uridylate kinase (InterPro:IPR001048), Glutamate 5-kinase, conserved site (InterPro:IPR019797), Aldehyde dehydrogenase, N-terminal (InterPro:IPR016162), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR, conserved site (InterPro:IPR020593), Aldehyde dehydrogenase, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR016163), Aldehyde/histidinol dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR016161), Delta l-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (InterPro:IPR005766), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR (InterPro:IPR000965), Aldehyde dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR015590), Glutamate 5-kinase, ProB-related (InterPro:IPR005715); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 2 (TAIR:AT3G55610.1); Has 14932 Blast hits to 14924 proteins in 2380 species: Archae - 163; Bacteria - 9254; Metazoa - 175; Fungi - 266; Plants - 182; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 4892 (source: NCBI BLink).

NP_973641.1

delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 (P5CS1); FUNCTIONS IN: delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity; INVOLVED IN: in 9 processes; LOCATED IN: chloroplast, membrane, cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 6 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: C globular stage, D bilateral stage, E expanded cotyledon stage; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Glutamate 5-kinase (InterPro:IPR001057), Glutamate 5-kinase, conserved site (InterPro:IPR019797), Aspartate/glutamate/uridylate kinase (InterPro:IPR001048), Aldehyde dehydrogenase, N-terminal (InterPro:IPR016162), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR, conserved site (InterPro:IPR020593), Aldehyde dehydrogenase, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR016163), Delta l-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (InterPro:IPR005766), Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase GPR (InterPro:IPR000965), Aldehyde/histidinol dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR016161), Aldehyde dehydrogenase (InterPro:IPR015590); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 2 (TAIR:AT3G55610.1); Has 35333 Blast hits to 34131 proteins in 2444 species: Archae - 798; Bacteria - 22429; Metazoa - 974; Fungi - 991; Plants - 531; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 9610 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

Range

16598072..16603319 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001202786.1 → NP_001189715.1 delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001189715.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

F4IFZ9, Q8RXP0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd07079
Location:296 → 692

ALDH_F18-19_ProA-GPR; Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase (GPR), aldehyde dehydrogenase families 18 and 19

PLN02418
Location:1 → 714

PLN02418; delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase

cl00452
Location:7 → 281

AAK; Amino Acid Kinases (AAK) superfamily, catalytic domain; present in such enzymes like N-acetylglutamate kinase (NAGK), carbamate kinase (CK), aspartokinase (AK), glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) and UMP kinase (UMPK). The AAK superfamily includes kinases that ...
NM_001202785.1 → NP_001189714.1 delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001189714.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P54887

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VY37, A0A5S9X5I5, Q8RXP0

Conserved Domains (1) summary

PLN02418
Location:1 → 717

PLN02418; delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase
NM_129539.2 → NP_181510.1 delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_181510.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P54887

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VY37, A0A5S9X5I5, Q8RXP0

Conserved Domains (1) summary

PLN02418
Location:1 → 717

PLN02418; delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase
NM_201912.1 → NP_973641.1 delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_973641.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B9DFG0, B9DHM7

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd07079
Location:193 → 592

ALDH_F18-19_ProA-GPR; Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase (GPR), aldehyde dehydrogenase families 18 and 19

PLN02418
Location:1 → 614

PLN02418; delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase

cl00452
Location:1 → 178

AAK; Amino Acid Kinases (AAK) superfamily, catalytic domain; present in such enzymes like N-acetylglutamate kinase (NAGK), carbamate kinase (CK), aspartokinase (AK), glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) and UMP kinase (UMPK). The AAK superfamily includes kinases that ...