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    gadB glutamate decarboxylase B [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

    Gene ID: 946058, updated on 19-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    gadB
    Official Full Name
    glutamate decarboxylase B
    Primary source
    ECOCYC:EG11490
    Locus tag
    b1493
    See related
    ASAP:ABE-0004976
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
    Lineage
    Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
    Also known as
    ECK1487
    Summary
    RpoS regulon. [More information is available at EcoGene: EG11490]. GadB, a glutamate decarboxylase enzyme, is part of the glutamate-dependent acid resistance system 2 (AR2) which confers resistance to extreme acid conditions. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG11490].
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    Genomic context

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    Sequence:
    NC_000913.3 (1570645..1572045, complement)

    NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene divisome localized glycosyl hydrolase Neighboring gene L-glutamate:4-aminobutyrate antiporter Neighboring gene periplasmic metalloprotease Neighboring gene putative TonB-dependent receptor YddB

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_000913.3

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. On the effect of alkaline pH and cofactor availability in the conformational and oligomeric state of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase. Giovannercole F, et al. Protein Eng Des Sel, 2017 Mar 1. PMID 28062647
    2. Mutation of His465 alters the pH-dependent spectroscopic properties of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase and broadens the range of its activity toward more alkaline pH. Pennacchietti E, et al. J Biol Chem, 2009 Nov 13. PMID 19797049, Free PMC Article
    3. Substrate analogues and divalent cations as inhibitors of glutamate decarboxylase from Escherichia coli. Youngs TL, et al. Biochem Int, 1991 Mar. PMID 1883399
    4. L-Glutamate decarboxylase from bacteria. Fonda ML. Methods Enzymol, 1985. PMID 3910996
    5. Glutamate decarboxylase. Substrate specificity and inhibition by carboxylic acids. Fonda ML. Biochemistry, 1972 Mar 28. PMID 4552052

    See all (44) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Small angle X-ray scattering, combined with size exclusion chromatography, and analytical ultracentrifugation analysis show that the compact and entangled EcGadB hexameric structure undergoes dissociation into dimers as pH alkalinizes.
      Title: On the effect of alkaline pH and cofactor availability in the conformational and oligomeric state of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase.
    2. Data show that Corynebacterium glutamicum expressing E. coli glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) mutant under the strong PH36 promoter could produce GABA 17-fold higher than that obtained by C. glutamicum expressing wild-type E. coli GAD.
      Title: Enhanced production of gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) in recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum by expressing glutamate decarboxylase active in expanded pH range.
    3. During anaerobic growth at pH 5.5, strains deleted for fnr showed enhanced transcription of acid-survival genes gadB, cfa, and hdeA, as well as catalase (katE).
      Title: Escherichia coli K-12 survives anaerobic exposure at pH 2 without RpoS, Gad, or hydrogenases, but shows sensitivity to autoclaved broth products.
    4. Mutation of His465 alters the pH-dependent spectroscopic properties of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase and broadens the range of its activity toward more alkaline pH.
      Title: Mutation of His465 alters the pH-dependent spectroscopic properties of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase and broadens the range of its activity toward more alkaline pH.
    5. N-terminus verified by Edman degradation on complete protein
      Title: Function of the Escherichia coli nucleoid protein, H-NS: molecular analysis of a subset of proteins whose expression is enhanced in a hns deletion mutant.
    6. Results show that chloride is an allosteric activator of GadB.
      Title: Escherichia coli acid resistance: pH-sensing, activation by chloride and autoinhibition in GadB.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables carboxy-lyase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables pyridoxal phosphate binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in glutamate catabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glutamate metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within intracellular pH elevation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol HDA PubMed 
    is_active_in cytosol IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane HDA PubMed 
    located_in membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    glutamate decarboxylase B
    NP_416010.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      1570645..1572045 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NP_416010.1 glutamate decarboxylase B [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_416010.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2X1NFS6, A0A8S7CSP5, A5YKJ3, A5YKJ6, A5YKJ8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR01788
      Location:16 → 449
      Glu-decarb-GAD; glutamate decarboxylase
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version

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