GL2 HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: GL2
Official Full Name: HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein
Primary source: TAIR:AT1G79840
Locus tag: AT1G79840
See related: Araport:AT1G79840
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: F19K16.20; F19K16_20; GLABRA 2; HOMEOBOX PROTEIN GLABRA 2
Summary: Glabra 2, a homeodomain protein affects epidermal cell identity including trichomes, root hairs, and seed coat. It also down-regulates seed oil content. Expressed in atrichoblasts and required to suppress root hair development. Also expressed abundantly during early seed development. Directly regulated by WER.
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Genomic context

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See GL2 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 1

Exon count:: 9

Sequence:: Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (30036956..30041440)

Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003070.9

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

GLABRA2-based selection efficiently enriches Cas9-generated nonchimeric mutants in the T1 generation.
Title: GLABRA2-based selection efficiently enriches Cas9-generated nonchimeric mutants in the T1 generation.
New insights of low-temperature plasma effects on germination of three genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds under osmotic and saline stresses.
Title: New insights of low-temperature plasma effects on germination of three genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds under osmotic and saline stresses.
Data indicate that saline stress causes changes in the level of CG methylation of the GLABRA 2 homeobox protein (GL2].
Title: Effect of Salt Stress on Cytosine Methylation within GL2, An Arabidopsis thaliana Gene Involved in Root Epidermal Cell Differentiation. Absence of Inheritance in the Unstressed Progeny.
The GIR1 and GIR2 might function as adaptor proteins that associate with GL2 and participate in control of root hair formation.
Title: Adaptor proteins GIR1 and GIR2. I. Interaction with the repressor GLABRA2 and regulation of root hair development.
These results indicate that GL2 directly suppresses basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes with diverse functions in root hair development.
Title: GLABRA2 Directly Suppresses Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor Genes with Diverse Functions in Root Hair Development.
Data show that both transcript levels and expression patterns of ENHANCER OF TRIPTYCHON AND CAPRICE1 (ETC1) in the root tip were affected in hda6 mutation.
Title: HISTONE DEACETYLASE6-Defective Mutants Show Increased Expression and Acetylation of ENHANCER OF TRIPTYCHON AND CAPRICE1 and GLABRA2 with Small But Significant Effects on Root Epidermis Cellular Pattern.
WER expressed ubiquitously in the root induced GL2 expression only in the root epidermis, whereas co-expression of WER and EGL3 induced GL2 expression in the corresponding tissues.
Title: WEREWOLF and ENHANCER of GLABRA3 are interdependent regulators of the spatial expression pattern of GLABRA2 in Arabidopsis.
Deletion of the START domain from Arabidopsis Glabra2, a representative HD-Zip transcription factor, results in a complete loss-of-function phenotype. The mammalian START domain from StAR can functionally replace the HD-Zip-derived START domain.
Title: Shared functions of plant and mammalian StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domains in modulating transcription factor activity.
Transcription factor GL2 and RHM2 are critical for the biosynthesis of mucilage pectin.
Title: LASSO modeling of the Arabidopsis thaliana seed/seedling transcriptome: a model case for detection of novel mucilage and pectin metabolism genes.
A target of GL2 in the seed coat is the gene MUM4 and GL2 regulates seed oil production at least partly through its influence on MUM4 expression in the seed coat.
Title: Arabidopsis glabra2 mutant seeds deficient in mucilage biosynthesis produce more oil.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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NM_001334927.1

Supported by ESTs:

NM_001334928.1

Supported by ESTs:

NM_001334929.1

Supported by ESTs:

NM_106633.2

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables lipid binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of trichoblast fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within plant epidermal cell fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein

NP_001185443.1

GLABRA 2 (GL2); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Homeobox, conserved site (InterPro:IPR017970), Homeobox (InterPro:IPR001356), Homeodomain-like (InterPro:IPR009057), Lipid-binding START (InterPro:IPR002913), Homeodomain-related (InterPro:IPR012287); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: protodermal factor 2 (TAIR:AT4G04890.1).

NP_565223.1

GLABRA 2 (GL2); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Homeobox, conserved site (InterPro:IPR017970), Homeobox (InterPro:IPR001356), Homeodomain-like (InterPro:IPR009057), Lipid-binding START (InterPro:IPR002913), Homeodomain-related (InterPro:IPR012287); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Homeobox-leucine zipper family protein / lipid-binding START domain-containing protein (TAIR:AT4G21750.2); Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12; Bacteria - 1396; Metazoa - 17338; Fungi - 3422; Plants - 5037; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

Range

30036956..30041440

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001198514.1 → NP_001185443.1 HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001185443.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178WBY6, A0A5S9WVV9, F4HQC0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd08875
Location:283 → 514

START_ArGLABRA2_like; C-terminal lipid-binding START domain of the Arabidopsis homeobox protein GLABRA 2 and related proteins

pfam00046
Location:133 → 186

Homeobox; Homeobox domain

cl14643
Location:563 → 709

SRPBCC; START/RHO_alpha_C/PITP/Bet_v1/CoxG/CalC (SRPBCC) ligand-binding domain superfamily
NM_001334926.1 → NP_001320267.1 HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1P8AMA1, A0A7G2EA77
NM_106633.2 → NP_565223.1 HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_565223.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P46607, Q39018, Q9C5F1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178WBY6, A0A5S9WVV9, A0A654EQJ1

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd08875
Location:254 → 485

START_ArGLABRA2_like; C-terminal lipid-binding START domain of the Arabidopsis homeobox protein GLABRA 2 and related proteins

pfam00046
Location:104 → 157

Homeobox; Homeobox domain

cl14643
Location:534 → 680

SRPBCC; START/RHO_alpha_C/PITP/Bet_v1/CoxG/CalC (SRPBCC) ligand-binding domain superfamily
NM_001334927.1 → NP_001320268.1 HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1P8AMA9, Q5DWW3
NM_001334928.1 → NP_001320269.1 HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1P8AMA2
NM_001334929.1 → NP_001320270.1 HD-ZIP IV family of homeobox-leucine zipper protein with lipid-binding START domain-containing protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1P8AMA1, A0A7G2EA77