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    FRU FER-like regulator of iron uptake [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 817362, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    FRU
    Official Full Name
    FER-like regulator of iron uptake
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT2G28160
    Locus tag
    AT2G28160
    See related
    Araport:AT2G28160
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    ARABIDOPSIS FE-DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1; ATBHLH029; ATBHLH29; ATFIT1; BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX PROTEIN 29; BHLH029; F24D13.5; F24D13_5; FE-DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1; FER-like regulator of iron uptake; FIT1
    Summary
    Encodes a putative transcription factor that regulates iron uptake responses. mRNA is detected in the outer cell layers of the root and accumulates in response to iron deficiency. The expression of many iron-regulated genes is dependent on FIT1. It specifically regulates FRO2 at the level of mRNA accumulation and IRT1 at the level of protein accumulation.Similar to FER in tomato and is a regulator of iron uptake. It is post-transcriptionally controlled.
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    Genomic context

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    See FRU in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 2
    Exon count:
    4
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (12004658..12006276)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene enabled-like protein (DUF1635) Neighboring gene UPSTREAM OF FLC protein (DUF966) Neighboring gene Cation/hydrogen exchanger family protein Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene cation/hydrogen exchanger family protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003071.7

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. FER-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor (FIT) accumulates in nuclear condensates. Trofimov K, et al. J Cell Biol, 2024 Apr 1. PMID 38393070, Free PMC Article
    2. AtbHLH29 of Arabidopsis thaliana is a functional ortholog of tomato FER involved in controlling iron acquisition in strategy I plants. Yuan YX, et al. Cell Res, 2005 Aug. PMID 16117851
    3. FIT, the FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR in Arabidopsis. Bauer P, et al. Plant Physiol Biochem, 2007 May. PMID 17466530
    4. Phospho-mutant activity assays provide evidence for alternative phospho-regulation pathways of the transcription factor FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR. Gratz R, et al. New Phytol, 2020 Jan. PMID 31487399, Free PMC Article
    5. A soil bacterium regulates plant acquisition of iron via deficiency-inducible mechanisms. Zhang H, et al. Plant J, 2009 May. PMID 19154225

    See all (27) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. FER-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor (FIT) accumulates in nuclear condensates.
      Title: FER-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor (FIT) accumulates in nuclear condensates.
    2. The transcription factor MYC1 interacts with FIT to negatively regulate iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
      Title: The transcription factor MYC1 interacts with FIT to negatively regulate iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    3. FIT and bHLH Ib transcription factors modulate iron and copper crosstalk in Arabidopsis.
      Title: FIT and bHLH Ib transcription factors modulate iron and copper crosstalk in Arabidopsis.
    4. Reactive oxygen species coordinate the transcriptional responses to iron availability in Arabidopsis.
      Title: Reactive oxygen species coordinate the transcriptional responses to iron availability in Arabidopsis.
    5. bHLH121 Functions as a Direct Link that Facilitates the Activation of FIT by bHLH IVc Transcription Factors for Maintaining Fe Homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
      Title: bHLH121 Functions as a Direct Link that Facilitates the Activation of FIT by bHLH IVc Transcription Factors for Maintaining Fe Homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
    6. Phospho-mutant activity assays provide evidence for alternative phospho-regulation pathways of the transcription factor FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR.
      Title: Phospho-mutant activity assays provide evidence for alternative phospho-regulation pathways of the transcription factor FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR.
    7. propose that Ca(2+)-triggered CBL1/9-mediated activation of CIPK11 and subsequent phosphorylation of FIT shifts inactive into active FIT, allowing regulatory protein interactions in the nucleus
      Title: CIPK11-Dependent Phosphorylation Modulates FIT Activity to Promote Arabidopsis Iron Acquisition in Response to Calcium Signaling.
    8. The authors provide evidence that subgroup transcription factor bHLH039 transcription factor is involved in FIT transcriptional regulation.
      Title: Dissection of iron signaling and iron accumulation by overexpression of subgroup Ib bHLH039 protein.
    9. Plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) negatively affects iron acquisition by repressing the expression of iron uptake regulatory gene FIT and promoting its protein degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway. The subgroup IVa bHLH transcription factors (bHLH18, bHLH19, bHLH20, and bHLH25) are FIT interactors that function in JA-mediated FIT protein degradation.
      Title: Four IVa bHLH Transcription Factors Are Novel Interactors of FIT and Mediate JA Inhibition of Iron Uptake in Arabidopsis.
    10. 34 genes were robustly FIT-regulated in root and seedling samples and included 13 novel FIT-dependent genes.
      Title: Iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana: transcriptomic analyses reveal novel FIT-regulated genes, iron deficiency marker genes and functional gene networks.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (20)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_001336147.1
    NM_179783.2

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein dimerization activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of DNA-templated transcription TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of iron ion transport IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to iron ion IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in nucleus ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    FER-like regulator of iron uptake
    NP_850114.1
    • FER-like regulator of iron uptake (FRU); FUNCTIONS IN: DNA binding, sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity; INVOLVED IN: regulation of iron ion transport, response to cytokinin stimulus, response to iron ion, regulation of transcription; LOCATED IN: nucleus; EXPRESSED IN: root; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain (InterPro:IPR001092), Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding (InterPro:IPR011598); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein (TAIR:AT2G16910.1); Has 2366 Blast hits to 2362 proteins in 114 species: Archae - 2; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 3; Fungi - 9; Plants - 2350; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 2 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

      Range
      12004658..12006276
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_179783.2 → NP_850114.1  FER-like regulator of iron uptake [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_850114.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q0V7X4, Q8S3E9, Q9ZUV8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VTK6, A0A5S9X263, C0SV65
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd11450
      Location:126 → 201
      bHLH_AtFIT_like; basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana Fe-deficiency induced transcription factor 1 (FIT) and similar proteins

    2. NM_001336147.1 → NP_001323907.1  FER-like regulator of iron uptake [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VTK6, A0A1P8AYH9
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q0V7X4.1

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