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    TH tyrosine hydroxylase [ Bos taurus (cattle) ]

    Gene ID: 280707, updated on 6-Jun-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    THprovided by VGNC
    Official Full Name
    tyrosine hydroxylaseprovided by VGNC
    Primary source
    VGNC:VGNC:35816
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSBTAG00000026768
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Bos taurus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos
    Orthologs
    human mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    chromosome: 29
    Exon count:
    14
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_09 current ARS-UCD2.0 (GCF_002263795.3) 29 NC_037356.1 (49383359..49391398)

    Chromosome 29 - NC_037356.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene tetraspanin 32 Neighboring gene achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 2 Neighboring gene insulin like growth factor 2 Neighboring gene insulin Neighboring gene microRNA mir-483

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_037356.1 Chromosome 29 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Retinol activates tyrosine hydroxylase acutely by increasing the phosphorylation of serine40 and then serine31 in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Gelain DP, et al. J Neurochem, 2007 Dec. PMID 17908239
    2. PACAP stimulates the sustained phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase at serine 40. Bobrovskaya L, et al. Cell Signal, 2007 Jun. PMID 17261361
    3. Predicted amino acid sequence of bovine tyrosine hydroxylase and its similarity to tyrosine hydroxylases from other species. Saadat S, et al. J Neurochem, 1988 Aug. PMID 2899135
    4. Isolation and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone encoding bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase: comparative analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase gene products. D'Mello SR, et al. J Neurosci Res, 1988 Apr. PMID 2898537
    5. Characterization of the catalytic domain of bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase. Abate C, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1988 Mar 30. PMID 2895648

    See all (8) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. TH is a robust interaction partner of different 14-3-3 dimer types with moderate variability between the 14-3-3 dimers on their regulation of TH.
      Title: Regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase is preserved across different homo- and heterodimeric 14-3-3 proteins.
    2. IFN-alpha mediated activation of ERK1/2 appeared to be responsible for the increased phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase.
      Title: Interferon-alpha signalling in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells: involvement of signal-transducer and activator of transcription 1 and 2, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 and serine 31 phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase.
    3. Retinol activates tyrosine hydroxylase via two sequential non-genomic mechanisms, which have not previously been characterized. These mechanisms are likely to operate in vivo to facilitate the stress response.
      Title: Retinol activates tyrosine hydroxylase acutely by increasing the phosphorylation of serine40 and then serine31 in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
    4. The sustained activation of TH that occurred as a result of TH phosphorylation at Ser40 could maintain the synthesis of catecholamines without the need for further stimulus of the adrenal cells or increased TH protein synthesis.
      Title: PACAP stimulates the sustained phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase at serine 40.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Pathways from PubChem

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    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by RefSeq

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables iron ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in heart development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to ethanol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to hypoxia IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in axon IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in perikaryon IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
    Names
    tyrosine 3-hydroxylase
    NP_776309.1
    XP_015316815.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_173884.2 → NP_776309.1  tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_776309.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      Source sequence(s)
      M36705
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F1N5V3
      Related
      ENSBTAP00000038050.6, ENSBTAT00000038235.6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      TIGR01269
      Location:38 → 488
      Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric
      pfam00351
      Location:159 → 488
      Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase
      pfam12549
      Location:2 → 26
      TOH_N; Tyrosine hydroxylase N terminal
      cl09141
      Location:38 → 150
      ACT; ACT domains are commonly involved in specifically binding an amino acid or other small ligand leading to regulation of the enzyme

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_002263795.3-RS_2023_09

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_037356.1 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

      Range
      49383359..49391398
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_015461329.3 → XP_015316815.1  tyrosine 3-monooxygenase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A3Q1M306
      Related
      ENSBTAP00000067840.1, ENSBTAT00000082689.2
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      TIGR01269
      Location:9 → 459
      Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric
      pfam00351
      Location:130 → 459
      Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase
      cl09141
      Location:9 → 121
      ACT; ACT domains are commonly involved in specifically binding an amino acid or other small ligand leading to regulation of the enzyme
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P17289.5 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P17289

    Gene LinkOut

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