Gsr glutathione-disulfide reductase [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gsrprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: glutathione-disulfide reductaseprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:621747
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000014915 AllianceGenome:RGD:621747
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables several functions, including glutathione binding activity; glutathione-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity; and nucleotide binding activity. Involved in several processes, including response to iron(III) ion; response to ischemia; and response to vitamin A. Predicted to be located in external side of plasma membrane. Predicted to be active in cytosol and mitochondrion. Used to study cataract and transient cerebral ischemia. Biomarker of several diseases, including acute kidney failure (multiple); artery disease (multiple); hemorrhagic cystitis; myoglobinuria; and neurodegenerative disease (multiple). Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in macular degeneration. Orthologous to human GSR (glutathione-disulfide reductase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Kidney (RPKM 1009.4), Liver (RPKM 343.5) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 16q12.3

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	16	NC_086034.1 (65185574..65228742, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	16	NC_051351.1 (58482209..58525256, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	16	NC_005115.4 (62197617..62239987, complement)

Chromosome 16 - NC_086034.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Metabolomic profiling reveals a differential role for hippocampal glutathione reductase in infantile memory formation.
Title: Metabolomic profiling reveals a differential role for hippocampal glutathione reductase in infantile memory formation.
Regulation of glutathione in cardiac myocytes.
Title: Regulation of glutathione in cardiac myocytes.
Plasma glutathione reductase (GR) activity was correlated with erythrocyte GR activity and the erythrocyte reduced glutathione/glutathione disulfide ratio. A decrease in plasma GR activity was associated with an increase in mortality in septic shock.
Title: Plasma glutathione reductase activity and prognosis of septic shock.
The enzymes of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase,and glutathione reductase were purified from rat kidney in one chromatographic step consisting of the use of the 2',5'-ADP Sepharose 4B by using different elution buffers.
Title: Purification of rat kidney glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and glutathione reductase enzymes using 2',5'-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity in a single chromatography step.
expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 and glutathione reductase via GSH did not appear to coordinate with development, tissue localization or under oxidative stress
Title: Differential expression of glutathione reductase and cytosolic glutathione peroxidase, GPX1, in developing rat lungs and kidneys.
enzymatic basis of glutathione function in spermatogenesis
Title: The expression of glutathione reductase in the male reproductive system of rats supports the enzymatic basis of glutathione function in spermatogenesis.
Glutathione reductase was increased indicating that a reduction in oxidative damage protection may be responsible for accelerated telomere shortening over time, resulting in increased cellular senescence, loss of renal function, and death in male rats.
Title: Lower antioxidant capacity and elevated p53 and p21 may be a link between gender disparity in renal telomere shortening, albuminuria, and longevity.
Zinc toxicity in astrocytes is associated with the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, rather than the inhibition of glutathione reductase.
Title: Zinc stimulates the production of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits glutathione reductase in astrocytes.

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General gene information

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Markers

AI230105 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:250633

RH141457 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:223451

RH144224 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:233469

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables NADP binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables NADP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glutathione binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glutathione-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glutathione-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glutathione-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glutathione-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glutathione-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell redox homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell redox homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to oxidative stress	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to activity	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to auditory stimulus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to cadmium ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ethanol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to iron(III) ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ischemia	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nicotine	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to oxidative stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to vitamin A	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in spermatogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in external side of plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in external side of plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutathione reductase

Names: GR; GRase; glutathione reductase, mitochondrial

NP_446358.2

EC 1.8.1.7

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_053906.2 → NP_446358.2 glutathione reductase

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_446358.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

CK357934, FM035154, JAXUCZ010000016

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0G2JU71, A6IVS9

Related

ENSRNOP00000084963.1, ENSRNOT00000094128.2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

TIGR01421
Location:1 → 410

gluta_reduc_1; glutathione-disulfide reductase, animal/bacterial

pfam00070
Location:121 → 197

Pyr_redox; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase

pfam02852
Location:300 → 408

Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain