U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

PLA2G12B phospholipase A2 group XIIB [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 84647, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
PLA2G12Bprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
phospholipase A2 group XIIBprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:18555
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000138308 MIM:611653; AllianceGenome:HGNC:18555
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
GXIIB; FKSG71; PLA2G13; GXIIIsPLA2; sPLA2-GXIIB
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) group of enzymes, which function in glycolipid hydrolysis with the release of free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. This family member has altered phospholipid-binding properties and is catalytically inactive. The protein is secreted, and together with microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, it functions to regulate HNF4alpha-induced hepatitis C virus infectivity. The expression of this gene is down-regulated in various tumors, suggesting that it may function as a negative regulator of tumor progression. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]
Expression
Biased expression in liver (RPKM 15.3), small intestine (RPKM 14.6) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
Location:
10q22.1
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 10 NC_000010.11 (72934762..72954806, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 10 NC_060934.1 (73806140..73826184, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 10 NC_000010.10 (74694520..74714564, complement)

Chromosome 10 - NC_000010.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene mitochondrial calcium uniporter Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902450 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74516687-74517186 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7737 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6662 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr10:74658515-74658725 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 3553 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12879 Neighboring gene oncoprotein induced transcript 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902451 Neighboring gene nucleophosmin 1 pseudogene 24 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74741016-74741516 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74778077-74778636 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L17 pseudogene 50 Neighboring gene prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 3554 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74856005-74856760

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Gene profiling of human VEGF signaling pathways in human endothelial and retinal pigment epithelial cells after anti VEGF treatment. Golan S, et al. BMC Res Notes, 2014 Sep 8. PMID 25201034, Free PMC Article
  2. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α and downstream secreted phospholipase A2 GXIIB regulate production of infectious hepatitis C virus. Li X, et al. J Virol, 2014 Jan. PMID 24173221, Free PMC Article
  3. Conservation of group XII phospholipase A2 from bacteria to human. Nevalainen TJ, et al. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics, 2012 Dec. PMID 22909802
  4. Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays of the complete set of secreted phospholipases A2 in human serum. Nevalainen TJ, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2005 Apr 15. PMID 15863368
  5. Lung mast cells are a source of secreted phospholipases A2. Triggiani M, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2009 Sep. PMID 19541351, Free PMC Article

See all (21) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. FXR regulates serum triglyceride level in part through PLA2G12B.
    Title: Activation of farnesoid X receptor promotes triglycerides lowering by suppressing phospholipase A2 G12B expression.
  2. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) gene polymorphism association with hepatocellular carcinoma in Italian patients.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 causes an activation of phospholipase A2, resulting in the increased release of arachidonic acid, which may sensitize the NMDA receptor PubMed
env HIV-1 gp120 induces a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through binding to CD4, but this effect is not sufficient to accomplish virus/cell fusion PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Go to the top of the page

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC138151

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables calcium ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables phospholipase A2 activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in arachidonic acid secretion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cholesterol homeostasis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in lipid catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in phospholipid metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in triglyceride homeostasis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular region IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein
Names
group XIII secreted phospholipase A2
phospholipase A2, group XIII
NP_001305053.1
NP_001305054.1
NP_115951.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001318124.2 → NP_001305053.1  group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein isoform b precursor

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in an isoform (b) that is 1 aa shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK311349, BC143532, BP274516, DA536331
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9BX93
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam06951
    Location:12 → 194
    PLA2G12; Group XII secretory phospholipase A2 precursor (PLA2G12)

  2. NM_001318125.2 → NP_001305054.1  group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein isoform c

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate exon in the 5' region, and it thus differs in its 5' UTR and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK311349
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl29745
    Location:11 → 105
    Phospholip_A2_3; Prokaryotic phospholipase A2

  3. NM_032562.5 → NP_115951.2  group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein isoform a precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_115951.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AK311349, AY358032, BP274516, DA536331
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS7319.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B7ZL23, Q52LB2, Q96Q99, Q9BX93
    Related
    ENSP00000362123.3, ENST00000373032.4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam06951
    Location:12 → 195
    PLA2G12; Group XII secretory phospholipase A2 precursor (PLA2G12)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000010.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    72934762..72954806 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060934.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    73806140..73826184 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9BX93.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9BX93

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Other Literature Sources
Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous