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Dcx doublecortin [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 84394, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Dcxprovided by RGD
Official Full Name
doublecortinprovided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:620670
See related
EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000047712 AllianceGenome:RGD:620670
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the doublecortin family. The protein encoded by this gene contains two doublecortin domains, which bind microtubules and regulate microtubule polymerization. In the developing cortex, cortical neurons must migrate over long distances to reach the site of their final differentiation. The encoded protein appears to direct neuronal migration by regulating the organization and stability of microtubules. Studies in knockout mice lacking this gene suggest that this gene has a cortical role in nuclear translocation and positioning of the mitotic spindle in radial glial mitotic division. This gene is essential for neuronal migration, differentiation, and plasticity, is required for hippocampal development and also plays a role in dendrites development.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]
Expression
Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 85.5), Testes (RPKM 19.7) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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See Dcx in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
Xq33-q34
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) X NC_086039.1 (112227455..112370291, complement)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) X NC_051356.1 (107430767..107573612, complement)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) X NC_005120.4 (115098675..115175515, complement)

Chromosome X - NC_086039.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 3 Neighboring gene calpain 6 Neighboring gene cyclin-dependent kinase 11B like 1 Neighboring gene high mobility group box 1 like 2

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Neurogenesis is Enhanced in Young Rats with Genetic Absence Epilepsy: An Immuno-electron Microscopic Study. Cilingir-Kaya OT, et al. Turk Neurosurg, 2021. PMID 33978223
  2. Cerebrolysin enhances neurogenesis in the ischemic brain and improves functional outcome after stroke. Zhang C, et al. J Neurosci Res, 2010 Nov 15. PMID 20857512, Free PMC Article
  3. Doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity in hippocampus of chronic refractory temporal lobe epilepsy patients with hippocampal sclerosis. D'Alessio L, et al. Seizure, 2010 Nov. PMID 20888264
  4. Spontaneous epileptic manifestations in a DCX knockdown model of human double cortex. Lapray D, et al. Cereb Cortex, 2010 Nov. PMID 20164125
  5. Doublecortin associates with microtubules preferentially in regions of the axon displaying actin-rich protrusive structures. Tint I, et al. J Neurosci, 2009 Sep 2. PMID 19726658, Free PMC Article

See all (59) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Chlorpromazine affects the numbers of Sox-2, Musashi1 and DCX-expressing cells in the rat brain subventricular zone.
    Title: Chlorpromazine affects the numbers of Sox-2, Musashi1 and DCX-expressing cells in the rat brain subventricular zone.
  2. MicroRNA-203-mediated inhibition of doublecortin underpins cardioprotection conferred by sevoflurane in rats after myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
    Title: MicroRNA-203-mediated inhibition of doublecortin underpins cardioprotection conferred by sevoflurane in rats after myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
  3. Doublecortin and IGF-1R protein levels are reduced in spite of unchanged DNA methylation in the hippocampus of aged rats.
    Title: Doublecortin and IGF-1R protein levels are reduced in spite of unchanged DNA methylation in the hippocampus of aged rats.
  4. EXPRESSION OF DOUBLECORTIN AND NeuN IN THE DEVELOPING CEREBELLAR NEURONS IN RAT
    Title: [EXPRESSION OF DOUBLECORTIN AND NeuN IN THE DEVELOPING CEREBELLAR NEURONS IN RAT].
  5. The expression of Dcx was found to be a reliable marker of grafted neurons in spinal cord.
    Title: Time course of spinal doublecortin expression in developing rat and porcine spinal cord: implication in in vivo neural precursor grafting studies.
  6. The total number of DCX-expressing cells was 1,032, 1,219, and 1,904 in Group P, Group G, and Group C, respectively.
    Title: Acute stress exposure preceding global brain ischemia accelerates decreased doublecortin expression in the rat retrosplenial cortex.
  7. Dcx protein- and mRNA-levels reflected changes in neurogenesis
    Title: Analysis of adult neurogenesis: evidence for a prominent "non-neurogenic" DCX-protein pool in rodent brain.
  8. DCX+DCLK depletion alters the behavior of growth cones at substrate borders.
    Title: A novel role for doublecortin and doublecortin-like kinase in regulating growth cone microtubules.
  9. Dcx protein levels in the cerebella of iodine-deficient & PTU-treated rats were significantly downregulated on PND14 but upregulated on PND21 & 28.
    Title: Perinatal iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism increase cell apoptosis and alter doublecortin and reelin protein expressions in rat cerebellum.
  10. Stress-related decrease in doublecortin expression may reduce plasticity potential within the retrosplenial cortex and attenuate spatial learning and memory function.
    Title: Decrease in doublecortin expression without neuronal cell death in rat retrosplenial cortex after stress exposure.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (28)

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables microtubule binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables microtubule binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables microtubule binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables protein kinase binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in axon extension IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within axon extension ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in axoneme assembly IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within brain development ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within dendrite morphogenesis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in hippocampus development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within hippocampus development ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in intracellular signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in layer formation in cerebral cortex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within layer formation in cerebral cortex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in neuron migration IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in neuron migration IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within neuron migration ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in neuron migration ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of collateral sprouting IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of endocytosis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in pyramidal neuron development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within pyramidal neuron development ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in regulation of postsynapse assembly IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of postsynapse assembly ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to electrical stimulus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in retina development in camera-type eye IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in spinal cord development IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in GABA-ergic synapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in axon IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in cytosol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytosol ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in dendrite IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in glutamatergic synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in growth cone IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in microtubule IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in neuron projection IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in neuron projection ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in neuron projection ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in neuronal cell body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in presynapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
neuronal migration protein doublecortin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_053379.3 → NP_445831.3  neuronal migration protein doublecortin

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_445831.3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    JAXUCZ010000021
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9ESI7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6KG86, G3V997
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000065381.1, ENSRNOT00000074322.3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd16112
    Location:51 → 139
    DCX1_DCX; Dublecortin-like domain 1 found in neuronal migration protein doublecortin (DCX)
    cd17069
    Location:176 → 259
    DCX2; Dublecortin-like domain 2
    cl40450
    Location:284 → 343
    KLF8_12_N; N-terminal domain of Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 8, KLF12, and similar proteins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086039.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    112227455..112370291 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_039100106.2 → XP_038956034.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9ESI7
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd16112
    Location:51 → 139
    DCX1_DCX; Dublecortin-like domain 1 found in neuronal migration protein doublecortin (DCX)
    cd17069
    Location:176 → 259
    DCX2; Dublecortin-like domain 2
    cl40450
    Location:284 → 343
    KLF8_12_N; N-terminal domain of Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 8, KLF12, and similar proteins

  2. XM_006257386.5 → XP_006257448.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9ESI7
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd16112
    Location:51 → 139
    DCX1_DCX; Dublecortin-like domain 1 found in neuronal migration protein doublecortin (DCX)
    cd17069
    Location:176 → 259
    DCX2; Dublecortin-like domain 2
    cl40450
    Location:284 → 338
    KLF8_12_N; N-terminal domain of Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 8, KLF12, and similar proteins

  3. XM_063280337.1 → XP_063136407.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X3

  4. XM_063280339.1 → XP_063136409.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6GLD6

  5. XM_063280338.1 → XP_063136408.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X4

  6. XM_006257385.5 → XP_006257447.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006257447.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9ESI7
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd16112
    Location:51 → 139
    DCX1_DCX; Dublecortin-like domain 1 found in neuronal migration protein doublecortin (DCX)
    cd17069
    Location:176 → 259
    DCX2; Dublecortin-like domain 2
    cl40450
    Location:284 → 343
    KLF8_12_N; N-terminal domain of Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 8, KLF12, and similar proteins

  7. XM_006257382.4 → XP_006257444.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006257444.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9ESI7
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd16112
    Location:51 → 139
    DCX1_DCX; Dublecortin-like domain 1 found in neuronal migration protein doublecortin (DCX)
    cd17069
    Location:176 → 259
    DCX2; Dublecortin-like domain 2
    cl40450
    Location:284 → 343
    KLF8_12_N; N-terminal domain of Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 8, KLF12, and similar proteins

  8. XM_017602167.3 → XP_017457656.1  neuronal migration protein doublecortin isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9ESI7
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd16112
    Location:51 → 139
    DCX1_DCX; Dublecortin-like domain 1 found in neuronal migration protein doublecortin (DCX)
    cd17069
    Location:176 → 259
    DCX2; Dublecortin-like domain 2
    cl40450
    Location:284 → 343
    KLF8_12_N; N-terminal domain of Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 8, KLF12, and similar proteins
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9ESI7.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9ESI7

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