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TMPO thymopoietin [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 7112, updated on 7-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
TMPOprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
thymopoietinprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:11875
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000120802 MIM:188380; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11875
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
TP; LAP2; CMD1T; LEMD4; PRO0868
Summary
Through alternative splicing, this gene encodes several distinct LEM domain containing protein isoforms. LEM domain proteins include inner nuclear membrane and intranuclear proteins, and are involved in a variety of cellular functions including gene expression, chromatin organization, and replication and cell cycle control. The encoded alpha isoform is broadly diffuse in the nucleus and contains a lamin binding domain, while the beta and gamma isoforms are localized to the nuclear membrane and contain an HDAC3 interaction domain. The distinct isoforms may compete with each other when acting to chaperone other proteins and regulate transcription. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2019]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 23.3), bone marrow (RPKM 19.4) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See TMPO in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12q23.1
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (98515573..98550351)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (98488849..98523648)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (98909351..98944129)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2453 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6841 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6842 Neighboring gene tRNA-Asp (anticodon GTC) 1-1 Neighboring gene tRNA-Trp (anticodon CCA) 4-1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:98902147-98902690 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:98905336-98905836 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6843 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6844 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4752 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4753 Neighboring gene TMPO antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:98922080-98922246 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6845 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:98987254-98987878 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:98987879-98988503 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6847 Neighboring gene peptidylprolyl isomerase A pseudogene 8 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 25 member 3 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 53

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. LncRNA TMPO-AS1 Aggravates the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via miR-429/GOT1 Axis. Liu X, et al. Am J Med Sci, 2020 Dec. PMID 32988599
  2. Depletion of thymopoietin inhibits proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest/apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Zhang L, et al. World J Surg Oncol, 2016 Oct 19. PMID 27756319, Free PMC Article
  3. Proliferation of progeria cells is enhanced by lamina-associated polypeptide 2α (LAP2α) through expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Vidak S, et al. Genes Dev, 2015 Oct 1. PMID 26443848, Free PMC Article
  4. Thymopoietin Beta and Gamma Isoforms as a Potential Diagnostic Molecular Marker for Breast Cancer: Preliminary Data. Marrero-Rodríguez D, et al. Pathol Oncol Res, 2015 Sep. PMID 25837847
  5. Deregulated LAP2α expression in cervical cancer associates with aberrant E2F and p53 activities. Ward MC, et al. IUBMB Life, 2011 Nov. PMID 21990273

See all (260) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. LncRNA TMPO-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by forming biomolecular condensates with FUS and p300 to regulate TMPO transcription.
    Title: LncRNA TMPO-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by forming biomolecular condensates with FUS and p300 to regulate TMPO transcription.
  2. LncRNA TMPO-AS1 Aggravates the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via miR-429/GOT1 Axis.
    Title: LncRNA TMPO-AS1 Aggravates the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via miR-429/GOT1 Axis.
  3. TMPO-AS1 contributes to lung carcinogenesis, which may be partially through upregulation TMPO.
    Title: Long noncoding RNA TMPO-AS1 promotes progression of non-small cell lung cancer through regulating its natural antisense transcript TMPO.
  4. Study found TMPO is significantly upregulated in glioblastoma tissues.TMPO knockdown promoted cell apoptosis by upregulation of the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP protein levels.
    Title: Depletion of thymopoietin inhibits proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest/apoptosis in glioblastoma cells.
  5. Results suggest that TMPObeta and -gamma isoforms could provide a potential reliable diagnostic marker for breast cancer.
    Title: Thymopoietin Beta and Gamma Isoforms as a Potential Diagnostic Molecular Marker for Breast Cancer: Preliminary Data.
  6. The findings unveil a unique mechanism where the nuclear periphery proteins lamin-A/C, LAP2alpha and BAF1 are assembled into a protein complex during mitosis in order to regulate assembly and positioning of the mitotic spindle.
    Title: The lamin-A/C-LAP2α-BAF1 protein complex regulates mitotic spindle assembly and positioning.
  7. The authors find that LAP2alpha (lamina-associated polypeptide-alpha) interacts with lamin A, while its interaction with progerin is significantly reduced.
    Title: Progerin reduces LAP2α-telomere association in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria.
  8. LAP2alpha can regulate extracellular matrix components independently of lamins A/C, which may help explain the proliferation-promoting function of LAP2alpha in cells expressing progerin.
    Title: Proliferation of progeria cells is enhanced by lamina-associated polypeptide 2α (LAP2α) through expression of extracellular matrix proteins.
  9. Results highlight the interactions at the nuclear envelope where mutations in the EMD and TMPO gene in combination with mutations in SUN1 have an impact on several components of the network.
    Title: Contribution of SUN1 mutations to the pathomechanism in muscular dystrophies.
  10. Data indicate that cells lacking either high mobility group protein N5 (HMGN5) and lamina-associated polypeptide 2alpha (LAP2alpha) showed that loss of either protein affects the genome-wide distribution of the remaining partner.
    Title: High mobility group protein N5 (HMGN5) and lamina-associated polypeptide 2α (LAP2α) interact and reciprocally affect their genome-wide chromatin organization.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (24)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Primary dilated cardiomyopathy
MedGen: C0007193 GeneReviews: Dilated Cardiomyopathy Overview
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Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Pr55(Gag) gag Cellular biotinylated lamina-associated polypeptide 2, beta/gamma (LAP2) protein is incorporated into HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles PubMed
Tat tat Interaction of HIV-1 Tat with lamina-associated polypeptide 2 in T-cells is identified by a proteomic strategy based on affinity chromatography PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC61508

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables cadherin binding HDA PubMed 
enables lamin binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of chromatin IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nuclear envelope IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
thymopoietin
Names
LEM domain containing 4
lamina-associated polypeptide 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_021393.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..39807
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_443

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001032283.3 → NP_001027454.1  thymopoietin isoform beta

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001027454.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs at the 3' end compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (beta) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform alpha.
    Source sequence(s)
    AA992204, AB209297, AI055921, BC053675, BG676381, BM802949, BQ232508, DB239672
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS31879.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2T926, P42167, Q14861
    Related
    ENSP00000450627.1, ENST00000556029.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd12940
    Location:111 → 139
    LEM_LAP2_LEMD1; LEM (Lap2/Emerin/Man1) domain found in lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), LEM domain-containing protein 1 (LEMP-1) and similar proteins
    pfam08198
    Location:3 → 49
    Thymopoietin; Thymopoietin protein

  2. NM_001032284.3 → NP_001027455.1  thymopoietin isoform gamma

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001027455.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This (3) differs at the 3' end compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (gamma) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform alpha.
    Source sequence(s)
    AA992204, AB209297, AI055921, BG676381, BM802949, BQ232508, DB239672, U09088
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS31880.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q59G12
    Related
    ENSP00000376773.2, ENST00000393053.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd12940
    Location:111 → 139
    LEM_LAP2_LEMD1; LEM (Lap2/Emerin/Man1) domain found in lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), LEM domain-containing protein 1 (LEMP-1) and similar proteins
    pfam08198
    Location:2 → 49
    Thymopoietin; Thymopoietin protein

  3. NM_001307975.2 → NP_001294904.1  thymopoietin isoform delta

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001294904.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs at the 3' end compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (delta) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform alpha.
    Source sequence(s)
    AA992204, AC013418, BC050383, BC053675, DB239672
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS76589.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G5E972, Q59G12
    Related
    ENSP00000340251.5, ENST00000343315.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd12940
    Location:111 → 139
    LEM_LAP2_LEMD1; LEM (Lap2/Emerin/Man1) domain found in lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), LEM domain-containing protein 1 (LEMP-1) and similar proteins
    pfam08198
    Location:2 → 49
    Thymopoietin; Thymopoietin protein

  4. NM_003276.2 → NP_003267.1  thymopoietin isoform alpha

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003267.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (alpha).
    Source sequence(s)
    BM991833, BP423544, BU932961, DB239672, U09086
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9064.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08918, P08919, P42166, Q14860, Q16295
    Related
    ENSP00000266732.4, ENST00000266732.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd12940
    Location:111 → 139
    LEM_LAP2_LEMD1; LEM (Lap2/Emerin/Man1) domain found in lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), LEM domain-containing protein 1 (LEMP-1) and similar proteins
    pfam08198
    Location:2 → 49
    Thymopoietin; Thymopoietin protein
    pfam11560
    Location:461 → 693
    LAP2alpha; Lamina-associated polypeptide 2 alpha

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    98515573..98550351
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_005269132.5 → XP_005269189.1  thymopoietin isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q59G12
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd12940
    Location:111 → 139
    LEM_LAP2_LEMD1; LEM (Lap2/Emerin/Man1) domain found in lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), LEM domain-containing protein 1 (LEMP-1) and similar proteins
    pfam08198
    Location:2 → 49
    Thymopoietin; Thymopoietin protein

  2. XM_017019914.3 → XP_016875403.1  thymopoietin isoform X1

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    98488849..98523648
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054373116.1 → XP_054229091.1  thymopoietin isoform X2

  2. XM_054373115.1 → XP_054229090.1  thymopoietin isoform X1

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P42166.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P42166
P42167.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P42167

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