SULT2A1 sulfotransferase family 2A member 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: SULT2A1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: sulfotransferase family 2A member 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:11458
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000105398 MIM:125263; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11458
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: HST; ST2; STD; hSTa; DHEAS; ST2A1; ST2A3; DHEA-ST; SULT2A3; DHEA-ST8
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the sulfotransferase family. Sulfotransferases aid in the metabolism of drugs and endogenous compounds by converting these substances into more hydrophilic water-soluble sulfate conjugates that can be easily excreted. This protein catalyzes the sulfation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands, and may have a role in the inherited adrenal androgen excess in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]
Expression: Biased expression in liver (RPKM 300.0), adrenal (RPKM 86.0) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 19q13.33

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	19	NC_000019.10 (47870467..47886315, complement)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	19	NC_060943.1 (50701399..50717233, complement)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	19	NC_000019.9 (48373724..48389572, complement)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

3-Epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is a poor substrate for SULT2A1: Analysis of its 3-sulfate in cord plasma and recombinant human SULT2A1 incubate.
Title: 3-Epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) is a poor substrate for SULT2A1: Analysis of its 3-sulfate in cord plasma and recombinant human SULT2A1 incubate.
Energy-dependent scoring of docking solutions identified the interaction as specific for the PAPSS2 and SULT2A1 isoforms
Title: Human DHEA sulfation requires direct interaction between PAPS synthase 2 and DHEA sulfotransferase SULT2A1.
Kinetic analyses showed further differential catalytic efficiency and substrate affinity of the SULT2A1 allozymes, in comparison with wild-type SULT2A1. These findings provided useful information concerning the effects of genetic polymorphisms on the sulfating activity of SULT2A1 allozymes.
Title: Effects of genetic polymorphisms on the sulfation of dehydroepiandrosterone and pregnenolone by human cytosolic sulfotransferase SULT2A1.
Polymorphisms of SULT2A1 gene is not associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Title: Polymorphisms of STS gene and SULT2A1 gene and neurosteroid levels in Han Chinese boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an exploratory investigation.
Galeterone and abiraterone are novel inhibitors of DHEA sulfonation, as determined in enzymatic incubations containing human tissue cytosol (liver or intestinal) or human recombinant SULT enzyme (SULT2A1, SULT2B1b, or SULT1E1).
Title: Identification of Galeterone and Abiraterone as Inhibitors of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfonation Catalyzed by Human Hepatic Cytosol, SULT2A1, SULT2B1b, and SULT1E1.
nine human SULT2A1 allozymes plus the wild-type SULT2A1 were found to display differential sulfating activity toward DHEA and tibolone. Kinetic analysis revealed that different SULT2A1 allozymes exhibited differential substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency toward the two substrates tested.
Title: Effects of Human Sulfotransferase 2A1 Genetic Polymorphisms 3 on the Sulfation of Tibolone.
Mass spectrometry analysis and structural modeling supported a reaction mechanism which involves the isomerization of Delta(4)-3-ketosteroids from the keto form to an enol form, prior to being subjected to sulfation. Results derived from this study suggested a potential role of SULT2A1 as a Delta(4)-3-ketosteroid sulfotransferase in steroid metabolism
Title: Δ(4)-3-ketosteroids as a new class of substrates for the cytosolic sulfotransferases.
A theoretical study at the level of density functional theory (DFT) was performed to characterize noncovalent intermolecular interactions, especially hydrogen bond interactions, in the active site of enzyme human androsterone sulphotransferase.
Title: A theoretical study on the characteristics of the intermolecular interactions in the active site of human androsterone sulphotransferase: DFT calculations of NQR and NMR parameters and QTAIM analysis.
Decreased SULT2A1 activity was found in the adrenal zona reticularis in Alzheimer's disease patients.
Title: Reduced sulfotransferase SULT2A1 activity in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
PSC is characterized by disease-specific impairment of SULT2A1 expression following PXR activation, a phenomenon which is not noted in PBC, and may account for the impaired hepatoprotection in PSC.
Title: Liver Expression of Sulphotransferase 2A1 Enzyme Is Impaired in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Lack of the Response to Enhanced Expression of PXR.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
An atlas of genetic influences on human blood metabolites. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Eight common genetic variants associated with serum DHEAS levels suggest a key role in ageing mechanisms. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

GDB:433813 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:157199

GDB:433815 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:157200

PMC156606P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271408

D8S2279 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473907

D1S1423 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:149619

RH11574 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:14477

SHGC-11998 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:29086

STS-U13061 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:49612

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables alcohol sulfotransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables bile-salt sulfotransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables steroid sulfotransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables steroid sulfotransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables sulfotransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables sulfotransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in bile acid catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cholesterol metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in ethanol catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in lipid catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in steroid metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in steroid metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sulfation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within sulfation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in sulfation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in thyroid hormone metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in xenobiotic metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: sulfotransferase 2A1

Names: alcohol/hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase; bile-salt sulfotranasferase 2A1; sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 2A, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-preferring, member 1

NP_003158.2

EC 2.8.2.14

EC 2.8.2.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.