U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

SNRPA small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 6626, updated on 7-Apr-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
SNRPAprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide Aprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:11151
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000077312 MIM:182285; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11151
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
U1A; Mud1; U1-A
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene associates with stem loop II of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein, which binds the 5' splice site of precursor mRNAs and is required for splicing. The encoded protein autoregulates itself by polyadenylation inhibition of its own pre-mRNA via dimerization and has been implicated in the coupling of splicing and polyadenylation. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in spleen (RPKM 22.2), lymph node (RPKM 20.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
Location:
19q13.2
Exon count:
6
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (40751203..40765389)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (43571894..43586079)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (41257108..41271294)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10645 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41224841-41225542 Neighboring gene inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase C Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41249947-41250913 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41250914-41251879 Neighboring gene actin maturation protease Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41255833-41256458 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10646 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14665 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41257087-41257714 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41257715-41258342 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14666 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10647 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10648 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14667 Neighboring gene MIA-RAB4B readthrough (NMD candidate) Neighboring gene RAB4B-EGLN2 readthrough (NMD candidate) Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41285223-41285754 Neighboring gene MIA SH3 domain containing Neighboring gene RAB4B, member RAS oncogene family

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Exome sequencing reveals three homozygous missense variants in SNRPA in two sisters with syndromic intellectual disability. Rangel-Sosa MM, et al. Clin Genet, 2018 Jun. PMID 29437235
  2. Multistep kinetics of the U1A-SL2 RNA complex dissociation. Anunciado D, et al. J Mol Biol, 2011 May 20. PMID 21419778
  3. U1A protein-stem loop 2 RNA recognition: prediction of structural differences from protein mutations. Kormos BL, et al. Biopolymers, 2011 Sep. PMID 21384338, Free PMC Article
  4. A bipartite U1 site represses U1A expression by synergizing with PIE to inhibit nuclear polyadenylation. Guan F, et al. RNA, 2007 Dec. PMID 17942741, Free PMC Article
  5. 13C NMR relaxation studies of RNA base and ribose nuclei reveal a complex pattern of motions in the RNA binding site for human U1A protein. Shajani Z, et al. J Mol Biol, 2005 Jun 17. PMID 15890361

See all (155) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Circ_0009910 Serves as miR-361-3p Sponge to Promote the Proliferation, Metastasis, and Glycolysis of Gastric Cancer via Regulating SNRPA.
    Title: Circ_0009910 Serves as miR-361-3p Sponge to Promote the Proliferation, Metastasis, and Glycolysis of Gastric Cancer via Regulating SNRPA.
  2. The Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide A (SNRPA) binds to the G-quadruplex of the BAG-1 5'UTR.
    Title: The Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide A (SNRPA) binds to the G-quadruplex of the BAG-1 5'UTR.
  3. Screen using siRNA revealed depletion of U1 snRNP components SNRPA, SNRNP70 or SNRPD2 caused significant cytoplasmic localization of MEG3 reporter transcripts.
    Title: Nuclear retention element recruits U1 snRNP components to restrain spliced lncRNAs in the nucleus.
  4. the previously unreported concurrence of intellectual disability, short stature, poor speech, and minor craniofacial and hand anomalies in 2 female siblings with 3 homozygous missense variants in SNRPA, is reported.
    Title: Exome sequencing reveals three homozygous missense variants in SNRPA in two sisters with syndromic intellectual disability.
  5. SNRPA may contribute to GC progression via NGF and could be a prognostic biomarker for GC.
    Title: SNRPA enhances tumour cell growth in gastric cancer through modulating NGF expression.
  6. p65 activation triggered by TCR signaling could promote SNRPA transcription and 3' UTR shortening of STAT5B. Thus we propose that the alternative polyadenylation switching of STAT5B induced by TCR activation is mediated by SNRPA.
    Title: Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide A-Mediated Alternative Polyadenylation of STAT5B during Th1 Cell Differentiation.
  7. a new mechanism for regulating SMN levels and provides new insight into the roles of U1A in 3' processing of mRNAs.
    Title: U1A regulates 3' processing of the survival motor neuron mRNA.
  8. An analysis of the kinetic data suggests three phases of U1A-SL2 RNA complex dissociation with time scales of approximately 100 mus, approximately 50 ms, and approximately 2 s. We propose that the first step of dissociation is a fast rearrangement of the complex to form a loosely bound complex.
    Title: Multistep kinetics of the U1A-SL2 RNA complex dissociation.
  9. structural analysis of U1A protein-stem loop 2 RNA recognition
    Title: U1A protein-stem loop 2 RNA recognition: prediction of structural differences from protein mutations.
  10. study shows that the yellow fever virus (YFV) NS5 protein is able to interact with U1A, a protein involved in splicing and polyadenylation; a region between amino acids 368 and 448 was identified as the site of interaction of the NS5 protein with U1A
    Title: The small nuclear ribonucleoprotein U1A interacts with NS5 from yellow fever virus.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
Knockdown of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A (SNRPA) by siRNA inhibits the early stages of HIV-1 replication in 293T cells infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Nef nef Expression of HIV-1 Nef in human T cells upregulates U1 SNRNP, a factor that positively regulates HIV-1 PubMed
Tat tat Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A (SNRPA) is identified to interact with HIV-1 Tat mutant Nullbasic in HeLa cells by LC MS/MS PubMed
tat Expression of HIV-1 Tat downregulates the abundance of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A (SNRPA) in the nucleoli of Jurkat T-cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Go to the top of the page

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
 PubMed 
enables RNA binding EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
 PubMed 
enables RNA binding HDA PubMed 
enables RNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables U1 snRNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables U1 snRNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables U1 snRNP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome IC
Inferred by Curator
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of U1 snRNP IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of U1 snRNP IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of U1 snRNP IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
part_of U4/U6 x U5 tri-snRNP complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nucleus NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
part_of spliceosomal complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of spliceosomal complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A
Names
U1 small nuclear RNP-specific A
U1 snRNP A
U1 snRNP-specific protein A

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_004596.5 → NP_004587.1  U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004587.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC020945, BC000405
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS12565.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P09012
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R802
    Related
    ENSP00000243563.2, ENST00000243563.8
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd12477
    Location:7 → 95
    RRM1_U1A; RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A (U1A)
    cd12480
    Location:197 → 282
    RRM2_U1A; RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A (U1 snRNP A or U1-A or U1A)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    40751203..40765389
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    43571894..43586079
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P09012.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P09012

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous