U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

CDK16 cyclin dependent kinase 16 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5127, updated on 3-Apr-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
CDK16provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
cyclin dependent kinase 16provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:8749
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000102225 MIM:311550; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8749
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PCTK1; PCTAIRE; PCTAIRE1; PCTGAIRE
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cdc2/cdkx subfamily of the ser/thr family of protein kinases. It may play a role in signal transduction cascades in terminally differentiated cells; in exocytosis; and in transport of secretory cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum. This gene is thought to escape X inactivation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in heart (RPKM 14.6), brain (RPKM 14.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
See CDK16 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
Xp11.3
Exon count:
19
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) X NC_000023.11 (47218303..47229997)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) X NC_060947.1 (46627994..46639688)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) X NC_000023.10 (47077702..47089396)

Chromosome X - NC_000023.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RNA binding motif protein 10 Neighboring gene ITPK1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47037923-47039122 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29583 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47050393-47050933 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chrX:47053068-47053256 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20798 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47057593-47058792 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105373194 Neighboring gene ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20799 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29586 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47078167-47078806 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29587 Neighboring gene inactivation escape 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47087788-47088288 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47088289-47088789 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-FlowFISH-validated HDAC6 regulatory element 1 Neighboring gene ubiquitin specific peptidase 11 Neighboring gene nicolin 2, pseudogene

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. PCTAIRE Protein Kinase 1 (PCTK1) Suppresses Proliferation, Stemness, and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer through the BMPR1B-Smad1/5/8 Signaling Pathway. Wei PL, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Jun 11. PMID 37373155, Free PMC Article
  2. The roles, molecular interactions, and therapeutic value of CDK16 in human cancers. Wang X, et al. Biomed Pharmacother, 2023 Aug. PMID 37236028
  3. CDK16 promotes the progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by phosphorylating PRC1. Li X, et al. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2022 Apr 21. PMID 35449080, Free PMC Article
  4. Transcriptomic Analysis in Liquid Biopsy Identifies Circulating PCTAIRE-1 mRNA as a Biomarker in NSCLC. Chang JW, et al. Cancer Genomics Proteomics, 2020 Jan-Feb. PMID 31882554, Free PMC Article
  5. CDK16/PCTK1/PCTAIRE1 is highly expressed in melanomas but not in melanocytic nevi or sarcomas. Yanagi T, et al. J Dermatol, 2019 Jul. PMID 31106900

See all (91) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. PCTAIRE Protein Kinase 1 (PCTK1) Suppresses Proliferation, Stemness, and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer through the BMPR1B-Smad1/5/8 Signaling Pathway.
    Title: PCTAIRE Protein Kinase 1 (PCTK1) Suppresses Proliferation, Stemness, and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer through the BMPR1B-Smad1/5/8 Signaling Pathway.
  2. The roles, molecular interactions, and therapeutic value of CDK16 in human cancers.
    Title: The roles, molecular interactions, and therapeutic value of CDK16 in human cancers.
  3. CDK16 promotes the progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by phosphorylating PRC1.
    Title: CDK16 promotes the progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by phosphorylating PRC1.
  4. Lung cancer cells expressing a shortened CDK16 3'UTR escape senescence through impaired miR-485-5p targeting.
    Title: Lung cancer cells expressing a shortened CDK16 3'UTR escape senescence through impaired miR-485-5p targeting.
  5. circRNA 001306 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma growth by up-regulating CDK16 expression via sponging miR-584-5p.
    Title: circRNA 001306 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma growth by up-regulating CDK16 expression via sponging miR-584-5p.
  6. The authors have identified AP2-associated protein kinase 1(AAK1), dynamin 1 and synaptojanin 1 as putative substrates of PCTAIRE-1.
    Title: Identification of novel PCTAIRE-1/CDK16 substrates using a chemical genetic screen.
  7. Fisetin inhibits TET1 expression and reduces 5hmC modification in specific loci in the promoters of CCNY/CDK16 in HuRSCs.
    Title: Fisetin decreases TET1 activity and CCNY/CDK16 promoter 5hmC levels to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of renal cancer stem cell.
  8. Data identified PRC1 as the first substrate of the CDK16/CCNY complex and demonstrated that the proliferative function of CDK16 is mediated by PRC1 phosphorylation.
    Title: Phosphoregulation of the oncogenic protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) by the atypical CDK16/CCNY complex.
  9. High plasma PCTK1 levels are associated with non-small cell lung cancer.
    Title: Transcriptomic Analysis in Liquid Biopsy Identifies Circulating PCTAIRE-1 mRNA as a Biomarker in NSCLC.
  10. Cyclin Y and CDK16 complex is necessary for efficient AMPK-dependent activation of autophagy.
    Title: AMPK-dependent activation of the Cyclin Y/CDK16 complex controls autophagy.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (27)

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
Knockdown of cyclin-dependent kinase 16 (CDK16; PCTAIRE) by shRNA library screening inhibits HIV-1 replication in cultured Jurkat T-cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ16665

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in exocytosis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in exocytosis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in growth hormone secretion ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in neuron projection development IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in neuron projection development ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein phosphorylation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in protein phosphorylation TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell cycle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in spermatogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in spermatogenesis NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in microtubule cytoskeleton IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in neuron projection IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
colocalizes_with synaptic vesicle IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
colocalizes_with synaptic vesicle ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
cyclin-dependent kinase 16
Names
PCTAIRE-motif protein kinase 1
cell division protein kinase 16
serine/threonine-protein kinase PCTAIRE-1
testis secretory sperm-binding protein Li 224n
NP_001163931.1
NP_006192.1
NP_148978.2
XP_011542222.1
XP_011542223.1
XP_011542224.1
XP_011542225.1
XP_011542226.1
XP_011542227.1
XP_011542228.1
XP_016885058.1
XP_047298108.1
XP_047298109.1
XP_047298110.1
XP_054183143.1
XP_054183144.1
XP_054183145.1
XP_054183146.1
XP_054183147.1
XP_054183148.1
XP_054183149.1
XP_054183150.1
XP_054183151.1
XP_054183152.1
XP_054183153.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_012517.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5553..16869
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001170460.2 → NP_001163931.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform 3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate exon in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3, which has a longer and distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK096881, AK290145, AK301832, BC006190
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS55408.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q59FJ5
    Related
    ENSP00000276052.6, ENST00000276052.10
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PLN00009
    Location:236 → 524
    PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
    cd07873
    Location:236 → 532
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  2. NM_006201.5 → NP_006192.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006192.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the shortest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AK096881, AK290145, BC006190, DA816614
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS14276.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K280, B7Z7C8, J3KN74, J3KQP7, Q00536
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A140VK97, Q9BRL4
    Related
    ENSP00000349762.4, ENST00000357227.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07873
    Location:162 → 458
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  3. NM_033018.4 → NP_148978.2  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_148978.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate exon in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which has a longer and distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BC015607, BQ187876
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS48101.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4
    Related
    ENSP00000405798.2, ENST00000457458.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07873
    Location:168 → 464
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000023.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    47218303..47229997
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017029569.2 → XP_016885058.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4

  2. XM_011543921.2 → XP_011542223.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542223.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PLN00009
    Location:209 → 497
    PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
    cd07873
    Location:209 → 505
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  3. XM_047442152.1 → XP_047298108.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X5

  4. XM_011543922.2 → XP_011542224.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PLN00009
    Location:205 → 493
    PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
    cd07873
    Location:205 → 501
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  5. XM_011543923.3 → XP_011542225.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X6

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542225.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07873
    Location:168 → 464
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  6. XM_011543925.3 → XP_011542227.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542227.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07873
    Location:162 → 458
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  7. XM_011543924.3 → XP_011542226.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542226.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07873
    Location:162 → 458
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  8. XM_047442154.1 → XP_047298110.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X9

  9. XM_011543926.2 → XP_011542228.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542228.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9BRL4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07873
    Location:162 → 458
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  10. XM_011543920.4 → XP_011542222.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q59FJ5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PLN00009
    Location:236 → 524
    PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
    cd07873
    Location:236 → 532
    STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

  11. XM_047442153.1 → XP_047298109.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X8

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060947.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    46627994..46639688
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054327170.1 → XP_054183145.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X3

  2. XM_054327169.1 → XP_054183144.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X2

  3. XM_054327172.1 → XP_054183147.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X5

  4. XM_054327171.1 → XP_054183146.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X4

  5. XM_054327173.1 → XP_054183148.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X6

  6. XM_054327176.1 → XP_054183151.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

  7. XM_054327174.1 → XP_054183149.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

  8. XM_054327178.1 → XP_054183153.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X9

  9. XM_054327175.1 → XP_054183150.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

  10. XM_054327168.1 → XP_054183143.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X1

  11. XM_054327177.1 → XP_054183152.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X8

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_033019.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_033019.1: This RefSeq record was removed by NCBI staff. Contact info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov for further information.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q00536.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q00536

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous