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tral trailer hitch [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

Gene ID: 39430, updated on 7-Jul-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
tralprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name
trailer hitchprovided by FlyBase
Primary source
FLYBASE:FBgn0041775
Locus tag
Dmel_CG10686
See related
AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0041775
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as
anon-EST:Posey139; anon-WO0172774.89; anon-WO02059370.24; BEST:GH08269; CG10686; Dmel\CG10686; DmLSm15; Lsm15; LSm15; p67; p70; Scd6p; Tral; TRAL
Summary
Enables DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cytoskeleton organization; positive regulation of determination of dorsal identity; and positive regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum. Located in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule and fusome. Part of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex. Colocalizes with endoplasmic reticulum. Is expressed in several structures, including adult head; central nervous system; embryonic/larval midgut; extended germ band embryo; and ovary. Orthologous to human LSM14B (LSM family member 14B) and LSM14A (LSM14A mRNA processing body assembly factor). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See tral in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
69C4-69C4; 3-38 cM
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) 3L NT_037436.4 (12515059..12520954)
Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) 3L NT_037436.3 (12508159..12514054)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene vihar Neighboring gene sticky Neighboring gene long non-coding RNA:CR45168 Neighboring gene Gcn5 acetyltransferase Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Neighboring gene verrocchio

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. CAR-1 and trailer hitch: driving mRNP granule function at the ER? Decker CJ, et al. J Cell Biol, 2006 Apr 24. PMID 16636142, Free PMC Article
  2. Two distinct domains of Bruno bind specifically to the oskar mRNA. Snee M, et al. RNA Biol, 2008 Jan-Mar. PMID 18388491
  3. Clueless forms dynamic, insulin-responsive bliss particles sensitive to stress. Sheard KM, et al. Dev Biol, 2020 Mar 15. PMID 31837288, Free PMC Article
  4. Structural basis for the mutually exclusive anchoring of P body components EDC3 and Tral to the DEAD box protein DDX6/Me31B. Tritschler F, et al. Mol Cell, 2009 Mar 13. PMID 19285948
  5. Phospho-Rasputin Stabilization by Sec16 Is Required for Stress Granule Formation upon Amino Acid Starvation. Aguilera-Gomez A, et al. Cell Rep, 2017 Jul 25. PMID 28746877, Free PMC Article

See all (113) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. An unbiased biochemical screen for Pan Gu substrates identified the conserved translational repressor Trailer Hitch (TRAL).
    Title: Identification of PNG kinase substrates uncovers interactions with the translational repressor TRAL in the oocyte-to-embryo transition.
  2. Trailer hitch role in the translational repression of the Drosophila Nanos mRNA
    Title: Translational repression of the Drosophila nanos mRNA involves the RNA helicase Belle and RNA coating by Me31B and Trailer hitch.
  3. PAPI, a novel TUDOR-domain protein, complexes with AGO3, ME31B and TRAL in the nuage to silence transposition.
    Title: PAPI, a novel TUDOR-domain protein, complexes with AGO3, ME31B and TRAL in the nuage to silence transposition.
  4. Bicaudal C and trailer hitch interact genetically. Mutants of these two genes have shared defects in localization of gurken and other anteriorly-localized mRNAs, as well as altered microtubule organization which may underlie the mRNA localization defects.
    Title: Bicaudal C and trailer hitch have similar roles in gurken mRNA localization and cytoskeletal organization.
  5. Structural basis for the mutually exclusive anchoring of P body components EDC3 and Tral to the DEAD box protein DDX6/Me31B.
    Title: Structural basis for the mutually exclusive anchoring of P body components EDC3 and Tral to the DEAD box protein DDX6/Me31B.
  6. Tral and EDC3 specifically interact with the decapping activator DCP1 and the DEAD-box helicase Me31B, in Drosophila cells.
    Title: Similar modes of interaction enable Trailer Hitch and EDC3 to associate with DCP1 and Me31B in distinct protein complexes.
  7. in cleavage-stage Drosophila embryos, fragile X mental retardation protein affects protein expression by controlling the availability and/or competency of specific transcripts to be translated
    Title: Fragile X mental retardation protein controls trailer hitch expression and cleavage furrow formation in Drosophila embryos.
  8. Depletion or mutation of members of Drosophila melanogaster trailer hitch, lead to a variety of developmental phenotypes
    Title: CAR-1 and trailer hitch: driving mRNP granule function at the ER?
  9. We have identified Drosophila trailer hitch (tral) as a gene that is required for the proper secretion of the dorsal-ventral patterning factor Gurken, as well as the vitellogenin receptor Yolkless
    Title: Efficient protein trafficking requires trailer hitch, a component of a ribonucleoprotein complex localized to the ER in Drosophila.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables RNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables mRNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in P-body assembly IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in endoplasmic reticulum organization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in microtubule cytoskeleton organization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of determination of dorsal identity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in retrotransposon silencing IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in stress granule assembly IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in P granule IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in P-body IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in P-body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol HDA PubMed 
colocalizes_with endoplasmic reticulum IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in fusome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in neuronal ribonucleoprotein granule IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
trailer hitch
Names
CG10686-PA
CG10686-PB
CG10686-PC
CG10686-PD
CG10686-PE
CG10686-PF
CG10686-PG
CG10686-PH
CG10686-PI
Trailer-Hitch
trailerhitch
tral-PA
tral-PB
tral-PC
tral-PD
tral-PE
tral-PF
tral-PG
tral-PH
tral-PI

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NT_037436.4 Reference assembly

    Range
    12515059..12520954
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001274842.1 → NP_001261771.1  trailer hitch, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261771.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M9PFF9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:406 → 526
    FDF; FDF domain

  2. NM_001274840.1 → NP_001261769.1  trailer hitch, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261769.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8T0T8, Q9VTZ0
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:402 → 532
    FDF; FDF domain

  3. NM_001274846.1 → NP_001261775.1  trailer hitch, isoform H [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261775.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M9PF20
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:406 → 536
    FDF; FDF domain

  4. NM_001274841.1 → NP_001261770.1  trailer hitch, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261770.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M9PF14
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:406 → 536
    FDF; FDF domain

  5. NM_001274847.1 → NP_001261776.1  trailer hitch, isoform I [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261776.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M9PFG3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:406 → 526
    FDF; FDF domain

  6. NM_001274844.1 → NP_001261773.1  trailer hitch, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261773.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M9PI44
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:402 → 532
    FDF; FDF domain

  7. NM_140328.5 → NP_648585.3  trailer hitch, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_648585.3

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8T0T8, Q9VTZ0
    Related
    FBpp0075691
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:402 → 532
    FDF; FDF domain

  8. NM_001274845.1 → NP_001261774.1  trailer hitch, isoform G [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261774.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M9PCB7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:402 → 522
    FDF; FDF domain

  9. NM_001274843.1 → NP_001261772.1  trailer hitch, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261772.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M9PFB2
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01736
    Location:4 → 77
    LSm14_N; Like-Sm protein 14, N-terminal domain
    pfam09532
    Location:402 → 522
    FDF; FDF domain
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
M9PCB7 M9PCB7
M9PF14 M9PF14
M9PF20 M9PF20
M9PFB2 M9PFB2
M9PFF9 M9PFF9
M9PFG3 M9PFG3
M9PI44 M9PI44
Q9VTZ0 Q9VTZ0

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