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PGRP-SA Peptidoglycan recognition protein SA [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

Gene ID: 32099, updated on 22-Aug-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PGRP-SAprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name
Peptidoglycan recognition protein SAprovided by FlyBase
Primary source
FLYBASE:FBgn0030310
Locus tag
Dmel_CG11709
See related
AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0030310
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as
BcDNA:AT30827; CG11709; Dm PGRP-SA; Dmel\CG11709; pgrp-sa; SA; seml; SEMMELWEIS
Summary
Enables muramyl dipeptide binding activity; pattern recognition receptor activity; and peptidoglycan binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of Toll signaling pathway; positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria; and response to bacterium. Located in extracellular region. Orthologous to human PGLYRP2 (peptidoglycan recognition protein 2) and PGLYRP3 (peptidoglycan recognition protein 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See PGRP-SA in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
10C6-10C6; 1-35 cM
Exon count:
3
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) X NC_004354.4 (11561643..11562779)
Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) X NC_004354.3 (11455676..11456812)

Chromosome X - NC_004354.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Death-associated protein kinase related Neighboring gene mir-2492 stem loop Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene antisense RNA:CR44266 Neighboring gene RNA polymerase II subunit A Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Staphylococcus aureus Survives with a Minimal Peptidoglycan Synthesis Machine but Sacrifices Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance. Reed P, et al. PLoS Pathog, 2015 May. PMID 25951442, Free PMC Article
  2. Bacterial autolysins trim cell surface peptidoglycan to prevent detection by the Drosophila innate immune system. Atilano ML, et al. Elife, 2014 Apr 1. PMID 24692449, Free PMC Article
  3. Accessibility to Peptidoglycan Is Important for the Recognition of Gram-Positive Bacteria in Drosophila. Vaz F, et al. Cell Rep, 2019 May 21. PMID 31116990, Free PMC Article
  4. Crystal structure of the Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)-SA at 1.56 A resolution. Reiser JB, et al. J Mol Biol, 2004 Jul 16. PMID 15223330
  5. A specific primed immune response in Drosophila is dependent on phagocytes. Pham LN, et al. PLoS Pathog, 2007 Mar. PMID 17352533, Free PMC Article

See all (173) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Bacterial recognition by PGRP-SA and downstream signalling by Toll/DIF sustain commensal gut bacteria in Drosophila.
    Title: Bacterial recognition by PGRP-SA and downstream signalling by Toll/DIF sustain commensal gut bacteria in Drosophila.
  2. Wall teichoic acids of Staphylococcus aureus limit recognition by the drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein-SA to promote pathogenicity.
    Title: Wall teichoic acids of Staphylococcus aureus limit recognition by the drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein-SA to promote pathogenicity.
  3. results demonstrate that GNBP1 and PGRP-SA can jointly activate the Toll pathway
    Title: Dual activation of the Drosophila toll pathway by two pattern recognition receptors.
  4. GNBP1 presents a processed form of peptidoglycan for sensing by PGRP-SA and that a tripartite interaction between these proteins and peptidoglycan is essential for downstream signaling.
    Title: Sensing of Gram-positive bacteria in Drosophila: GNBP1 is needed to process and present peptidoglycan to PGRP-SA.
  5. PGRP-SA contains a peptidoglycan docking groove and unusual L,D-carboxypeptidase activity
    Title: A Drosophila pattern recognition receptor contains a peptidoglycan docking groove and unusual L,D-carboxypeptidase activity.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function Evidence Code Pubs
NOT enables N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity IKR
Inferred from Key Residues
more info
 PubMed 
enables muramoyltetrapeptide carboxypeptidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables muramyl dipeptide binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables pattern recognition receptor activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables peptidoglycan binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables peptidoglycan binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables peptidoglycan binding NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables peptidoglycan immune receptor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables zinc ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Toll receptor ligand protein activation cascade IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in innate immune response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in innate immune response NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in peptidoglycan catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to peptidoglycan IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular region IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
peptidoglycan recognition protein SA
Names
CG11709-PA
CG11709-PB
PG recognition Protein-SA
PGRP-SA-PA
PGRP-SA-PB
Peptidoglycan-recognition protein-SA precursor
peptidoglycan recognition protein-SA
protein semmelweis
semmelweis
semmelweiss
NP_001285128.1
NP_572727.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

    Range
    11561643..11562779
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_132499.3 → NP_572727.1  peptidoglycan recognition protein SA, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_572727.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9VYX7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    X2JEI8
    Related
    FBpp0073358
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00701
    Location:38 → 179
    PGRP; Animal peptidoglycan recognition proteins homologous to Bacteriophage T3 lysozyme

  2. NM_001298199.1 → NP_001285128.1  peptidoglycan recognition protein SA, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001285128.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9VYX7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    X2JEI8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00701
    Location:38 → 179
    PGRP; Animal peptidoglycan recognition proteins homologous to Bacteriophage T3 lysozyme
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9VYX7.1 Q9VYX7
X2JEI8 X2JEI8

Gene LinkOut

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