U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

GLIPR2 GLI pathogenesis related 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 152007, updated on 3-Nov-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
GLIPR2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
GLI pathogenesis related 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:18007
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000122694 MIM:607141; AllianceGenome:HGNC:18007
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
GAPR1; GAPR-1; C9orf19; gliPR 2
Summary
Enables protein homodimerization activity. Involved in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; positive regulation of epithelial cell migration; and positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Located in Golgi membrane. Biomarker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression
Broad expression in lung (RPKM 23.8), appendix (RPKM 20.8) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
See GLIPR2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
9p13.3
Exon count:
9
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 9 NC_000009.12 (36136536..36163913)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 9 NC_060933.1 (36158540..36185919)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 9 NC_000009.11 (36136533..36163910)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene olfactory receptor family 2 subfamily AM member 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19885 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19886 Neighboring gene reversion inducing cysteine rich protein with kazal motifs Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19887 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28344 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:36102296-36102796 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19888 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19889 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28345 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28346 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:36161748-36162328 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:36162329-36162909 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 28347 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:36166491-36166991 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:36190553-36191178 Neighboring gene calicin Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902151 Neighboring gene clathrin light chain A

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Interaction of GAPR-1 with lipid bilayers is regulated by alternative homodimerization. van Galen J, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2012 Sep. PMID 22560898
  2. Dynamic and Reversible Aggregation of the Human CAP Superfamily Member GAPR-1 in Protein Inclusions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sirati N, et al. J Mol Biol, 2021 Sep 17. PMID 34298062
  3. The Golgi-Associated Plant Pathogenesis-Related Protein GAPR-1 Enhances Type I Interferon Signaling Pathway in Response to Toll-Like Receptor 4. Zhou Q, et al. Inflammation, 2016 Apr. PMID 26678074
  4. GAPR-1 Interferes with Condensate Formation of Beclin 1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sirati N, et al. J Mol Biol, 2023 Feb 28. PMID 36586462
  5. Cloning and characterization of a human novel gene C9orf19 encoding a conserved putative protein with an SCP-like extracellular protein domain. Eisenberg I, et al. Gene, 2002 Jun 26. PMID 12137952

See all (39) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. GAPR-1 Interferes with Condensate Formation of Beclin 1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Title: GAPR-1 Interferes with Condensate Formation of Beclin 1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  2. GLIPR2 is a negative regulator of autophagy and the BECN1-ATG14-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex.
    Title: GLIPR2 is a negative regulator of autophagy and the BECN1-ATG14-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex.
  3. Dynamic and Reversible Aggregation of the Human CAP Superfamily Member GAPR-1 in Protein Inclusions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Title: Dynamic and Reversible Aggregation of the Human CAP Superfamily Member GAPR-1 in Protein Inclusions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  4. Here, sequence analyses, structural modeling, mutagenesis combined with pull-down assays, X-ray crystal structure determination and small-angle X-ray scattering were used to investigate the Beclin 1-GAPR-1 interaction. changes in the structure of the equatorial groove combined with the improved dimerization of pentad mutant GAPR-1 are likely to abrogate binding to Beclin 1.
    Title: Structural insights into the interaction of the conserved mammalian proteins GAPR-1 and Beclin 1, a key autophagy protein.
  5. This study identified a previously unrecognized role for GAPR-1 to control a unifying TLR4 signaling complex and to regulate type I Interferon signaling activation.
    Title: The Golgi-Associated Plant Pathogenesis-Related Protein GAPR-1 Enhances Type I Interferon Signaling Pathway in Response to Toll-Like Receptor 4.
  6. Hypoxia promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inducing GLIPR-2 expression.
    Title: Hypoxia promotes epithelial--mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inducing GLIPR-2 expression.
  7. GLIPR-2 overexpression in HK-2 cells can potentiate EMT-like processes in this cell type through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway
    Title: GLIPR-2 overexpression in HK-2 cells promotes cell EMT and migration through ERK1/2 activation.
  8. the charge properties of the lipid bilayer can regulate GAPR-1 dynamics as a potential mechanism to modulate GAPR-1 function
    Title: Interaction of GAPR-1 with lipid bilayers is regulated by alternative homodimerization.
  9. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell migration IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1
Names
17kD fetal brain protein
glioma pathogenesis-related protein 2
golgi-associated PR-1 protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001287010.2 → NP_001273939.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform b

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in an isoform (b) that is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, BF515272
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS69595.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5VZR0
    Related
    ENSP00000367195.1, ENST00000377959.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd05382
    Location:8 → 113
    SCP_GAPR-1_like; SCP_GAPR-1_like: SCP-like extracellular protein domain, golgi-associated plant pathogenesis related protein (GAPR)-like sub-family. The wider family of SCP containing proteins includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), CRISPs, mammalian ...

  2. NM_001287011.2 → NP_001273940.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform c

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in its 3' terminal exon, and it thus differs in its 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) has a distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, AK307243, BF515272
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd05382
    Location:8 → 102
    SCP_GAPR-1_like; SCP_GAPR-1_like: SCP-like extracellular protein domain, golgi-associated plant pathogenesis related protein (GAPR)-like sub-family. The wider family of SCP containing proteins includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), CRISPs, mammalian ...

  3. NM_001287012.2 → NP_001273941.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform d

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks two alternate exons that result in a frameshift in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (d) has a distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, BF515272, DA432700
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS75832.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A088AWP7
    Related
    ENSP00000379857.4, ENST00000396613.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl00133
    Location:8 → 59
    SCP; SCP: SCP-like extracellular protein domain, found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. This family includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), which accumulates after infections with pathogens, and may act as an anti-fungal agent or be involved in ...

  4. NM_001287013.2 → NP_001273942.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform e

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and it thus differs in its 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (e) has a distinct N-terminus and is longer than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, AL158830, DA268281
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd05382
    Location:23 → 154
    SCP_GAPR-1_like; SCP_GAPR-1_like: SCP-like extracellular protein domain, golgi-associated plant pathogenesis related protein (GAPR)-like sub-family. The wider family of SCP containing proteins includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), CRISPs, mammalian ...

  5. NM_001287014.2 → NP_001273943.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform f

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001273943.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and it thus differs in its 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and it lacks three internal coding exons, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (f) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, AL158830, DA268281, N41831
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS75833.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A087WUM5
    Related
    ENSP00000478768.1, ENST00000619700.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl00133
    Location:20 → 57
    SCP; SCP: SCP-like extracellular protein domain, found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. This family includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), which accumulates after infections with pathogens, and may act as an anti-fungal agent or be involved in ...

  6. NM_022343.4 → NP_071738.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_071738.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK075091, AK091288, BF515272
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6598.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q5VZR1, Q8N2S6, Q8WWC9, Q8WX36, Q9H4G4
    Related
    ENSP00000367196.4, ENST00000377960.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd05382
    Location:8 → 139
    SCP_GAPR-1_like; SCP_GAPR-1_like: SCP-like extracellular protein domain, golgi-associated plant pathogenesis related protein (GAPR)-like sub-family. The wider family of SCP containing proteins includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), CRISPs, mammalian ...

RNA

  1. NR_104637.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (7) includes two additional exons in the 5' region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, BF515272, CR749781

  2. NR_104638.1 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (8) contains an alternate 5' terminal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the predicted protein does not meet RefSeq quality criteria.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, BF516600, DA271525

  3. NR_104639.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (9) includes an additional exon in the 3' region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, BF515272, DA986727

  4. NR_104640.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (10) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, BF515272, DA824243

  5. NR_104641.1 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AI458414, AK091288, BF515272, BF516600, BP261391

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000009.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    36136536..36163913
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_024447416.2 → XP_024303184.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform X2

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl00133
    Location:23 → 74
    SCP; SCP-like extracellular protein domain, found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. This family includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), which accumulates after infections with pathogens, and may act as an anti-fungal agent or be involved in cell ...

  2. XM_047422807.1 → XP_047278763.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform X1

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060933.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    36158540..36185919
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054362022.1 → XP_054217997.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform X2

  2. XM_054362021.1 → XP_054217996.1  Golgi-associated plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 isoform X1

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9H4G4.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9H4G4

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools