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Gls glutaminase [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 14660, updated on 3-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Glsprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
glutaminaseprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:95752
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000026103 AllianceGenome:MGI:95752
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
6330442B14; B230365M23Rik
Summary
Enables glutaminase activity and identical protein binding activity. Involved in glutamate biosynthetic process; glutamine catabolic process; and protein homotetramerization. Acts upstream of or within chemical synaptic transmission; regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process; and suckling behavior. Predicted to be located in mitochondrion. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; cardiovascular system; genitourinary system; nervous system; and sensory organ. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 71. Orthologous to human GLS (glutaminase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression
Broad expression in CNS E18 (RPKM 20.0), cortex adult (RPKM 19.9) and 26 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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See Gls in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
1 C1.1; 1 26.86 cM
Exon count:
22
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 1 NC_000067.7 (52202608..52274168, complement)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 1 NC_000067.6 (52163449..52235009, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000067.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_00894 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10010 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 31812 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E3272 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E3273 Neighboring gene signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 209 pseudogene Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E7722 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E1992 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 31867 Neighboring gene tripartite motif-containing 75 pseudogene

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Network of brain protein level changes in glutaminase deficient fetal mice. Bae N, et al. J Proteomics, 2013 Mar 27. PMID 23376484, Free PMC Article
  2. Glutamine fuels proliferation but not migration of endothelial cells. Kim B, et al. EMBO J, 2017 Aug 15. PMID 28659379, Free PMC Article
  3. Role of glutamine and interlinked asparagine metabolism in vessel formation. Huang H, et al. EMBO J, 2017 Aug 15. PMID 28659375, Free PMC Article
  4. Glutaminase C overexpression in the brain induces learning deficits, synaptic dysfunctions, and neuroinflammation in mice. Wang Y, et al. Brain Behav Immun, 2017 Nov. PMID 28624534, Free PMC Article
  5. TNF-α promotes extracellular vesicle release in mouse astrocytes through glutaminase. Wang K, et al. J Neuroinflammation, 2017 Apr 20. PMID 28427419, Free PMC Article

See all (108) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. The lipopolysaccharide-TLR4 axis regulates hepatic glutaminase 1 expression promoting liver ammonia build-up as steatotic liver disease progresses to steatohepatitis.
    Title: The lipopolysaccharide-TLR4 axis regulates hepatic glutaminase 1 expression promoting liver ammonia build-up as steatotic liver disease progresses to steatohepatitis.
  2. Pharmacological Inhibition of Glutaminase 1 Normalized the Metabolic State and CD4+ T Cell Response in Sjogren's Syndrome.
    Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Glutaminase 1 Normalized the Metabolic State and CD4+ T Cell Response in Sjogren's Syndrome.
  3. Microglial glutaminase 1 deficiency mitigates neuroinflammation associated depression.
    Title: Microglial glutaminase 1 deficiency mitigates neuroinflammation associated depression.
  4. Targeting Hepatic Glutaminase 1 Ameliorates Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Restoring Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Triglyceride Assembly.
    Title: Targeting Hepatic Glutaminase 1 Ameliorates Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Restoring Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Triglyceride Assembly.
  5. SUCLA2-coupled regulation of GLS succinylation and activity counteracts oxidative stress in tumor cells.
    Title: SUCLA2-coupled regulation of GLS succinylation and activity counteracts oxidative stress in tumor cells.
  6. Nrf2 Activation Sensitizes K-Ras Mutant Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Glutaminase Inhibition.
    Title: Nrf2 Activation Sensitizes K-Ras Mutant Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Glutaminase Inhibition.
  7. The activation loop and substrate-binding cleft of glutaminase C are allosterically coupled.
    Title: The activation loop and substrate-binding cleft of glutaminase C are allosterically coupled.
  8. STAT1 upregulates glutaminase and modulates amino acids and glutathione metabolism.
    Title: STAT1 upregulates glutaminase and modulates amino acids and glutathione metabolism.
  9. Spontaneous colitis in IL-10-deficient mice was ameliorated via inhibiting glutaminase1.
    Title: Spontaneous colitis in IL-10-deficient mice was ameliorated via inhibiting glutaminase1.
  10. Using the conditional-knockout mice, we demonstrated that both in vitro Th17 differentiation (P < 0.05) and the development of experimental autoimmune encephalitis were dependent on Gls1.
    Title: Glutaminase 1 Inhibition Reduces Glycolysis and Ameliorates Lupus-like Disease in MRL/lpr Mice and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Endonuclease-mediated (7) 
  • Targeted (4)  1 citation

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutaminase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glutaminase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glutaminase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables glutaminase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within chemical synaptic transmission IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in glutamine catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glutamine catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within glutamine catabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in glutamine catabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in intracellular glutamate homeostasis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in intracellular glutamate homeostasis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in protein homotetramerization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein homotetramerization ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within suckling behavior IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytosol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrial matrix IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial
NP_001074550.1
NP_001106854.1
XP_006495764.1
XP_006495765.1
XP_006495767.1
XP_017171725.1
XP_036016518.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001081081.2 → NP_001074550.1  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001074550.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC123752
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS35561.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    D3Z7P3, E9PUF0, Q69ZX9
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000110158.3, ENSMUST00000114513.9
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    sd00045
    Location:562 → 588
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
    pfam12796
    Location:562 → 652
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
    pfam17959
    Location:144 → 227
    EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain
    pfam04960
    Location:249 → 535
    Glutaminase

  2. NM_001113383.1 → NP_001106854.1  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform 2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) includes an alternate exon, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2) that has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK173039, BE849049
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS48256.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    D3Z7P3
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000110155.2, ENSMUST00000114510.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam04960
    Location:249 → 535
    Glutaminase; Glutaminase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000067.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    52202608..52274168 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017316236.2 → XP_017171725.1  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X4

    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    sd00045
    Location:224 → 250
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
    pfam12796
    Location:224 → 314
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
    pfam04960
    Location:9 → 197
    Glutaminase

  2. XM_036160625.1 → XP_036016518.1  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D3Z7P4
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    sd00045
    Location:333 → 359
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
    pfam04960
    Location:20 → 304
    Glutaminase
    pfam12796
    Location:333 → 425
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

  3. XM_006495702.3 → XP_006495765.1  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006495765.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D3Z7P4
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000110157.2, ENSMUST00000114512.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    sd00045
    Location:333 → 359
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
    pfam04960
    Location:20 → 304
    Glutaminase
    pfam12796
    Location:333 → 425
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

  4. XM_006495701.4 → XP_006495764.1  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam17959
    Location:144 → 227
    EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain
    pfam04960
    Location:249 → 535
    Glutaminase

  5. XM_006495704.5 → XP_006495767.1  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X3

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam17959
    Location:144 → 227
    EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain
    cl00907
    Location:249 → 353
    Glutaminase
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
D3Z7P3.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:D3Z7P3

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