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NADK2 NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 133686, updated on 3-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
NADK2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
NAD kinase 2, mitochondrialprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:26404
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000152620 MIM:615787; AllianceGenome:HGNC:26404
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
DECRD; MNADK; NADKD1; C5orf33
Summary
This gene encodes a mitochondrial kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of NAD to yield NADP. Mutations in this gene result in 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]
Expression
Broad expression in liver (RPKM 62.0), brain (RPKM 14.1) and 22 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
5p13.2
Exon count:
17
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (36192589..36242279, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (36440876..36490588, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (36192691..36242381, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene LMBR1 domain containing 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:36151273-36152256 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22476 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 1305, pseudogene Neighboring gene microRNA 580 Neighboring gene S-phase kinase associated protein 2 Neighboring gene NADK2 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15972 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22477 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900962 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22478 Neighboring gene RAN binding protein 3 like Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:36359316-36360151 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr5:36417632-36418831 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12809 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr5:36422736-36423935 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr5:36442158-36443357 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 181

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Crystal structure of human NADK2 reveals a dimeric organization and active site occlusion by lysine acetylation. Mary C, et al. Mol Cell, 2022 Sep 1. PMID 35868311, Free PMC Article
  2. Mitochondrial NADP(H) generation is essential for proline biosynthesis. Zhu J, et al. Science, 2021 May 28. PMID 33888598, Free PMC Article
  3. Clinical heterogeneity of mitochondrial NAD kinase deficiency caused by a NADK2 start loss variant. Pomerantz DJ, et al. Am J Med Genet A, 2018 Mar. PMID 29388319, Free PMC Article
  4. Lysine Restriction and Pyridoxal Phosphate Administration in a NADK2 Patient. Tort F, et al. Pediatrics, 2016 Nov. PMID 27940755
  5. The mitochondrial NAD kinase functions as a major metabolic regulator upon increased energy demand. Kim H, et al. Mol Metab, 2022 Oct. PMID 35944895, Free PMC Article

See all (34) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. The mitochondrial NAD kinase functions as a major metabolic regulator upon increased energy demand.
    Title: The mitochondrial NAD kinase functions as a major metabolic regulator upon increased energy demand.
  2. Crystal structure of human NADK2 reveals a dimeric organization and active site occlusion by lysine acetylation.
    Title: Crystal structure of human NADK2 reveals a dimeric organization and active site occlusion by lysine acetylation.
  3. Deleting MNADK (NADK2) in mice reduced fat oxidation upon energy demand triggered by endurance exercise or fasting. NADK2 is a major metabolic regulator upon increased energy demand.
    Title: The mitochondrial NAD kinase functions as a major metabolic regulator upon increased energy demand.
  4. Mitochondrial NADP(H) generation is essential for proline biosynthesis.
    Title: Mitochondrial NADP(H) generation is essential for proline biosynthesis.
  5. Our findings also clarify the mechanism underlying NADK2 deficiency and suggest that this disease should be ruled out in cases of hyperlysinemia, especially those with visual loss, and neurological phenotypes.
    Title: Clinical heterogeneity of mitochondrial NAD kinase deficiency caused by a NADK2 start loss variant.
  6. The use of whole exome sequencing has allowed us to identify a new homozygous mutation in NADK2, leading to a premature stop codon and absence of protein. To our knowledge this is the second reported individual with mutations in NADK2.
    Title: Lysine Restriction and Pyridoxal Phosphate Administration in a NADK2 Patient.
  7. An autosomal recessive defect in NADK2 causes mitochondrial NADPH deficiency with secondary deficiencies in several mitochondrial processes including polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation and lysine degradation.
    Title: Mitochondrial NADP(H) deficiency due to a mutation in NADK2 causes dienoyl-CoA reductase deficiency with hyperlysinemia.
  8. exhibits NAD kinase activity, utilizing ATP or inorganic polyphosphate, and is localized in mitochondria of HEK293A cells
    Title: Identification and characterization of a human mitochondrial NAD kinase.
  9. MNADK is localized to mitochondria in Hep G2 cells, and a recombinant MNADK showed NAD kinase activity. MNADK is abundant in mitochondrion-rich tissues, such as liver. MNADK expression was suppressed in human liver tumors. Identification of MNADK immediately suggests a model in which NADK and MNADK are responsible for de novo synthesis of NADP(+) in cytosol and mitochondria, respectively.
    Title: MNADK, a novel liver-enriched mitochondrion-localized NAD kinase.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Progressive encephalopathy with leukodystrophy due to DECR deficiency
MedGen: C1857252 OMIM: 616034 GeneReviews: Not available
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Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ30596, MGC43298

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables NAD+ kinase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables NAD+ kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in NAD metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in NAD metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in NADP biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in phosphorylation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in mitochondrial matrix TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial
Names
NAD kinase domain-containing protein 1, mitochondrial
NP_001078880.1
NP_001274269.1
NP_001274270.1
NP_694558.1
XP_005248298.1
XP_024310128.1
XP_047272661.1
XP_047272662.1
XP_054207567.1
XP_054207568.1
XP_054207569.1
XP_054207570.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_041784.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5355..54691
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001085411.3 → NP_001078880.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001078880.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC008807, AI377881, BC062567, BM990433, BX648388, HY336341
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS47197.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B5MC93, Q4G0N4, Q6UTX5, Q96NM0
    Related
    ENSP00000371362.4, ENST00000381937.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01255
    Location:96 → 318
    DAGK_cat; Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain

  2. NM_001287340.2 → NP_001274269.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274269.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in its 5' UTR and initiates translation at a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Both variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI377881, AK055158, BC062567, BM990433, BX648388, HY336341
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3917.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0C4DGV3
    Related
    ENSP00000380499.1, ENST00000397338.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01255
    Location:2 → 155
    DAGK_cat; Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain

  3. NM_001287341.2 → NP_001274270.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274270.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in its 5' UTR, initiates translation at a downstream start codon, and contains an alternate in-frame exon in the central coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) is shorter, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC008807, AK304009, BC062567, BM990433, BX648388, HY336341
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS75235.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0C4DGV3, B7Z8V7
    Related
    ENSP00000422250.1, ENST00000506945.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01255
    Location:2 → 177
    DAGK_cat; Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain

  4. NM_153013.5 → NP_694558.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_694558.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in its 5' UTR and initiates translation at a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Both variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC008807, AK304009, BC062567, BM990433, BX648388, HY336341
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3917.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0C4DGV3
    Related
    ENSP00000282512.3, ENST00000282512.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01255
    Location:2 → 155
    DAGK_cat; Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    36192589..36242279 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047416706.1 → XP_047272662.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X3

  2. XM_024454360.2 → XP_024310128.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0C4DGV3, B7Z8V7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01255
    Location:2 → 177
    DAGK_cat; Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain

  3. XM_005248241.5 → XP_005248298.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01255
    Location:96 → 340
    DAGK_cat; Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain

  4. XM_047416705.1 → XP_047272661.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z8V7

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    36440876..36490588 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054351595.1 → XP_054207570.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X3

  2. XM_054351593.1 → XP_054207568.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z8V7

  3. XM_054351592.1 → XP_054207567.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1

  4. XM_054351594.1 → XP_054207569.1  NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z8V7
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q4G0N4.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q4G0N4

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