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PARP2 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 10038, updated on 7-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PARP2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:272
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000129484 MIM:607725; AllianceGenome:HGNC:272
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ARTD2; ADPRT2; PARP-2; ADPRTL2; ADPRTL3; pADPRT-2
Summary
This gene encodes poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase-like 2 protein, which contains a catalytic domain and is capable of catalyzing a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction. This protein has a catalytic domain which is homologous to that of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase, but lacks an N-terminal DNA binding domain which activates the C-terminal catalytic domain of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase. The basic residues within the N-terminal region of this protein may bear potential DNA-binding properties, and may be involved in the nuclear and/or nucleolar targeting of the protein. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in brain (RPKM 14.3), testis (RPKM 13.0) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
14q11.2
Exon count:
16
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (20343635..20357904)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (14540530..14554811)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (20811794..20826063)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene cyclin B1 interacting protein 1 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 126 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8068 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8069 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8070 Neighboring gene ribonuclease P RNA component H1 Neighboring gene telomerase associated protein 1 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak2111 silencer Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:20868788-20869987 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:20880498-20881414 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8073 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 382

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Silencing of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-2 Induces Mitochondrial Reactive Species Production and Mitochondrial Fragmentation. Jankó L, et al. Cells, 2021 Jun 4. PMID 34199944, Free PMC Article
  2. Functional Roles of PARP2 in Assembling Protein-Protein Complexes Involved in Base Excision DNA Repair. Vasil'eva I, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Apr 28. PMID 33925170, Free PMC Article
  3. Serum-dependent and -independent regulation of PARP2. Sun Q, et al. Biochem Cell Biol, 2019 Oct. PMID 30880404
  4. Structural basis for DNA break recognition by ARTD2/PARP2. Obaji E, et al. Nucleic Acids Res, 2018 Dec 14. PMID 30321391, Free PMC Article
  5. PARP2 controls double-strand break repair pathway choice by limiting 53BP1 accumulation at DNA damage sites and promoting end-resection. Fouquin A, et al. Nucleic Acids Res, 2017 Dec 1. PMID 29036662, Free PMC Article

See all (109) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Regulatory apoptotic fragment of PARP1 complements catalytic fragment for PAR and DNA-dependent activity but inhibits DNA-induced catalytic stimulation of PARP2.
    Title: Regulatory apoptotic fragment of PARP1 complements catalytic fragment for PAR and DNA-dependent activity but inhibits DNA-induced catalytic stimulation of PARP2.
  2. The CSB chromatin remodeler regulates PARP1- and PARP2-mediated single-strand break repair at actively transcribed DNA regions.
    Title: The CSB chromatin remodeler regulates PARP1- and PARP2-mediated single-strand break repair at actively transcribed DNA regions.
  3. PARP2 promotes inflammation in psoriasis by modulating estradiol biosynthesis in keratinocytes.
    Title: PARP2 promotes inflammation in psoriasis by modulating estradiol biosynthesis in keratinocytes.
  4. Single-molecule force spectroscopy reveals binding and bridging dynamics of PARP1 and PARP2 at DNA double-strand breaks.
    Title: Single-molecule force spectroscopy reveals binding and bridging dynamics of PARP1 and PARP2 at DNA double-strand breaks.
  5. Temporal dynamics of base excision/single-strand break repair protein complex assembly/disassembly are modulated by the PARP/NAD(+)/SIRT6 axis.
    Title: Temporal dynamics of base excision/single-strand break repair protein complex assembly/disassembly are modulated by the PARP/NAD(+)/SIRT6 axis.
  6. miRNA-149 targets PARP-2 in endometrial epithelial and stromal cells to regulate the trophoblast attachment process.
    Title: miRNA-149 targets PARP-2 in endometrial epithelial and stromal cells to regulate the trophoblast attachment process.
  7. HPF1 dynamically controls the PARP1/2 balance between initiating and elongating ADP-ribose modifications.
    Title: HPF1 dynamically controls the PARP1/2 balance between initiating and elongating ADP-ribose modifications.
  8. The contribution of PARP1, PARP2 and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation to base excision repair in the nucleosomal context.
    Title: The contribution of PARP1, PARP2 and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation to base excision repair in the nucleosomal context.
  9. Silencing of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-2 Induces Mitochondrial Reactive Species Production and Mitochondrial Fragmentation.
    Title: Silencing of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-2 Induces Mitochondrial Reactive Species Production and Mitochondrial Fragmentation.
  10. Serine-linked PARP1 auto-modification controls PARP inhibitor response.
    Title: Serine-linked PARP1 auto-modification controls PARP inhibitor response.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (56)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables NAD DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD+- protein-aspartate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD+-protein-glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD+-protein-serine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables chromatin binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables damaged DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables nucleosome binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables nucleotidyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables poly-ADP-D-ribose binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables poly-ADP-D-ribose modification-dependent protein binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in DNA ADP-ribosylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in DNA damage response IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in DNA repair IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in DNA repair-dependent chromatin remodeling IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in base-excision repair IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in decidualization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in double-strand break repair IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in hippocampal neuron apoptotic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in protein auto-ADP-ribosylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein poly-ADP-ribosylation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in protein poly-ADP-ribosylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to oxygen-glucose deprivation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in nucleolus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleolus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in site of DNA damage IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in site of DNA damage IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2
Names
ADP-ribosyltransferase (NAD+; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase)-like 2
ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 2
ADPRT-2
DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP2
NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 2
hPARP-2
poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 2
poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase-like 2
poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 2
poly[ADP-ribose] synthetase 2
protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP2
NP_001036083.1
NP_005475.2
XP_005267304.1
XP_016876401.1
XP_047286825.1
XP_054189115.1
XP_054189116.1
XP_054189117.1
XP_054231215.1
XP_054231216.1
XP_054231217.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_033959.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5022..19291
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001042618.2 → NP_001036083.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001036083.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an internal segment in the 5' coding region, as compared to variant 1. The reading frame is not changed but the transcript encodes 13 aa less than variant 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AJ236912, BU541261, DA354586
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS45077.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K214
    Related
    ENSP00000392972.3, ENST00000429687.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl27333
    Location:52 → 566
    PARP_reg; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, regulatory domain

  2. NM_005484.4 → NP_005475.2  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005475.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes a longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AJ236912, AK001980, BU541261, DA354586
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS41910.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q8TEU4, Q9NUV2, Q9UGN5, Q9UMR4, Q9Y6C8
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K214
    Related
    ENSP00000250416.5, ENST00000250416.9
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd08003
    Location:106 → 208
    WGR_PARP2_like; WGR domain of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases
    cd01437
    Location:231 → 576
    parp_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (parp) catalytic domain catalyses the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a ...
    pfam00644
    Location:365 → 577
    PARP; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase catalytic domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    20343635..20357904
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_005267247.4 → XP_005267304.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G3V167
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd08003
    Location:106 → 208
    WGR_PARP2_like; WGR domain of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases
    cd01437
    Location:231 → 489
    parp_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (parp) catalytic domain catalyses the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a ...

  2. XM_017020912.2 → XP_016876401.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G3V167
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PLN03124
    Location:52 → 476
    PLN03124; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase; Provisional
    cd22252
    Location:19 → 78
    PARP2_NTR; NTR (N-terminal region) domain of poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 (PARP-2) and similar proteins

  3. XM_047430869.1 → XP_047286825.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X3

Reference GRCh38.p14 PATCHES

Genomic

  1. NW_025791796.1 Reference GRCh38.p14 PATCHES

    Range
    546316..560585
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054333140.1 → XP_054189115.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X1

  2. XM_054333141.1 → XP_054189116.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X2

  3. XM_054333142.1 → XP_054189117.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X3

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    14540530..14554811
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054375240.1 → XP_054231215.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X1

  2. XM_054375241.1 → XP_054231216.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X2

  3. XM_054375242.1 → XP_054231217.1  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X3

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9UGN5.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9UGN5

Gene LinkOut

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