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catalytic domain of receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O (PTPRO or R-PTP-O), also known as glomerular epithelial protein 1 or protein tyrosine phosphatase U2 (PTP-U2), belongs to the family of classical tyrosine-specific protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). PTPs (EC 3.1.3.48) catalyze the dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine peptides. PTPRO is a member of the R3 subfamily of receptor-type phosphotyrosine phosphatases (RPTP), characterized by a unique modular composition consisting of multiple extracellular fibronectin type III (FN3) repeats and a single (most RPTP subtypes have two) cytoplasmic catalytic PTP domain. It is essential for sustaining the structure and function of foot processes by regulating tyrosine phosphorylation of podocyte proteins. It has been identified as a synaptic cell adhesion molecule (CAM) that serves as a potent initiator of synapse formation. It is also a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer.
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