2HF3,1D4X,1IJJ,4EFH,5NBL,1NLV,1LCU,1YAG,3B63,1KXP,1QZ5,3BYH,3EKS,3U4L,3W3D,4CBU,3M3N,3J82,4M63,6IUG


Conserved Protein Domain Family
ASKHA_NBD_actin

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cd10224: ASKHA_NBD_actin 
nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of actin and similar proteins
Actin is a ubiquitous protein involved in the formation of filaments that are major components of the cytoskeleton. It is a highly dynamic structural protein network involved in processes such as cell contraction, cell motility, vesicle trafficking, intracellular organization, cytokinesis, endocytosis and apoptosis. Actin is a monomeric globular protein (G-actin) that reversibly polymerizes to form filaments (F-actin). Each actin protomer binds one molecule of ATP and either calcium or magnesium ions. At low salt concentrations, actin exists as a monomer, and as the salt concentration rises F-actin forms, with the consequent hydrolysis of ATP. F-actin assembly is in constant flux with G-actin association occurring at the barbed end (+) and its disassociation at the pointed end (-). Actin monomers that have been released from the pointed end can be reused, if the ADP is exchanged for ATP. F-actin filaments can assemble into higher order structures, for example branched F-actin, and stress fibers. Actin binding proteins regulate actin filament dynamics by a range of functions including actin severing, depolymerizing, capping, stabilizing and de novo actin polymerization. Actins interaction with myosin is the basis of muscular contraction and many aspects of cell motility. In vertebrates there are three main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha actins found in muscle tissues are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins co-exist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton and as mediators of internal cell motility. In plants there are many isoforms which are probably involved in a variety of functions such as cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, tip growth, graviperception, cell wall deposition, etc.
Statistics
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PSSM-Id: 466823
Aligned: 100 rows
Threshold Bit Score: 802.351
Created: 6-Oct-2006
Updated: 27-Apr-2023
Structure
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Program:
Drawing:
Aligned Rows:
  next features
Conserved site includes 24 residues -Click on image for an interactive view with Cn3D
Feature 1:nucleotide binding site [chemical binding site]
Evidence:
  • Structure:2HF3; Drosophila melanogaster actin binds CaADP, contacts at 4A
  • Structure:1D4X; Caenorhabditis elegans actin binds MgATP, contacts at 4A
  • Structure:1YAG; Saccharomyces cerevisiae actin binds MgATP, contacts at 4A
  • Structure:4EFH; Acanthamoeba castellanii actin binds CaADP, contacts at 4A

Sequence Alignment
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Format: Row Display: Color Bits: Type Selection:
Feature 1               #### #                                                       #           
2HF3_A         5 AALVVDNGSGMCKAGFAGDDAPRAVFPSIVGRPRHQGVMVGMGQKDSYVGDEAQSKRGILTLKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKI 84  fruit fly
P12432         7 TAIVCDNGSGMVKSGFSGDDAPRHVFPSIVGRPKNEQAMMGSANKKLFVGDEAQAKRGVLALKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKV 86  Trypanosoma bru...
P10993         7 PAIVIDNGSGMCKAGIAGDDAPRAAFPSIIGRPKMPGIMVGMDQKECYVGEEAQAKRGVLNLKYPIEHGIVTDYDDMEKI 86  Tetrahymena pyr...
AAC47679       7 QTLVIDNGSGMCKAGFSGDEAPRSVFPSVVGRPKYKQQLVGGNAKDVFVGDEACSKAGVLILKYPIEHGIVNNWDDMEKI 86  Trichomonas vag...
AAC99646       8 QALVCDNGSGMVKAGFAGDDAPRCVFPSIVGRRKNDSAMMGTAKKDAYIGDDAQAKRGILFIKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKI 87  Euglena gracilis
AAR11389       7 AALVIDNGSGMCKAGFAGDDAPRSVFPSIVGRPKMPGIMVGMDQKDSYVGDEAQSKRGILTLKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKI 86  Perkinsus marin...
Q9NJV4         5 QALVIDNGSGMCKAGFAGEDAPRAVFPSLIGRPLQRSIMVGMGNKDAYVGDEAMSKKGILALKYPIEHGIITNWDDMEKI 84  Naegleria gruberi
XP_011131581   7 APVVVDNGSGMVKAGAAGEDAPSNVFPSIIGRPKHAGIMVGMEKKEAYVGDEAQAKRGVLQLTYPIAHGIITNWDDMEKI 86  Gregarina nipha...
CEM03258       7 QALVIDNGSGMCKAGFAGDDAPRAVFPSIVGRPKMPGIMVGMDQKDSYVGDEAQSKRGVLTLKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKI 86  Vitrella brassi...
OLP81009       6 VALVVDNGSGMCKAGFSGDDAPRTVFPSIIGRPKMPGIMVGMDSKDHFVGDEAQAKRGILALKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMERI 85  Symbiodinium mi...
Feature 1                                                           #                # ####      
2HF3_A        85 WHHTFYNELRVAPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKANREKMTQIMFETFNTPAMYVAIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVLDSGDGVSHTVPI 164 fruit fly
P12432        87 WHHTFYNELRVNPESHNVLLTEAPMNPKQNREKMTQIMFETFGVPAMYVGIQAVLSLYSSGRTTGIVLDAGDGVTHTVPI 166 Trypanosoma bru...
P10993        87 WHHCFYNELRVTPEEHPCLLTEAPQNPKLNREKMTKTMFETFNVPSFYVAIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVVDSGDGVTHTVSI 166 Tetrahymena pyr...
AAC47679      87 WHHTFYNELRVDPTEHPVLLTEAPLNPKANREKMISLMFDTFNVPSFYVGIQAVLSLYSSGRTTGIVFDAGDGVSHTVPI 166 Trichomonas vag...
AAC99646      88 WHHTFFNELRVAPEDHPVLLTEAPMNPKSNREKMTQIMFETFNVPALYVSIQAVLSLYSSGRTTGIVLDCGDGVSHTVPI 167 Euglena gracilis
AAR11389      87 WHHTFYNELRVSPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKANRERMTQLMFETFNVPAMYVQIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVMDSGDGVSHTVPI 166 Perkinsus marin...
Q9NJV4        85 WHHTFYNELRVGPEEHGVLLTEAPLNPKANREKMTQIMFETFRVPAMYVAIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVLDSGDGVSHTVPI 164 Naegleria gruberi
XP_011131581  87 WHHTFYDELRISPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKANREKMVQMMFENFSCPATYVSIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVMDSGDGVSHTVPI 166 Gregarina nipha...
CEM03258      87 WHHTFYNELRVAPEDHPVLLTEAPLNPKANREKMTQIMFETFNVPAMYVAIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVMDSGDGVSHTVPI 166 Vitrella brassi...
OLP81009      86 WHHTFYNELRASPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKANRERMTQIMFETFGVPAMYVAIQAVLSLYSSGRTTGIVMDSGDGVSHTVPI 165 Symbiodinium mi...
Feature 1                        ##  #                       #  ##                               
2HF3_A       165 YEGYALPHAILRLDLAGRDLTDYLMKILTERGYSFtTTEEREIVRDIKEKLCYVALDFEQEMATAASSssLEKSYELKDG 244 fruit fly
P12432       167 YEGYSLPHAIRRVDMAGRDLTEYLMKILMHTGMTFtTSAEKEIVRNIKEQLCYVALDFDEEMTNSAKSv-SEEPFELPDG 245 Trypanosoma bru...
P10993       167 YEGYALPHAILRIDLAGRDLTEYCMKLLYEIGLNFsSTAEREIIRDIKEKLCYVALDYESELKAYKESstNDKSYELPDG 246 Tetrahymena pyr...
AAC47679     167 YEGYSLPHAIMRLNLAGRDLTAWMVKLLTERGNAFnTTAEKEIVRDIKEKLCYVALDFDAEMEKAATDssINVNYTLPDG 246 Trichomonas vag...
AAC99646     168 YEGYSLPHAVLRIDMAGRDLTDYMMKLLTERGLSFtTSAEREIVRDVKEKLCYVALDFDEEMSLATSSssVEKEYELPDG 247 Euglena gracilis
AAR11389     167 YEGYALPHAIQRLDLAGRDLTEFMMKILTERGYTFtTTAEREIVRDIKEKLSYVALDFDTEMKAAAESseKEKTYELPDG 246 Perkinsus marin...
Q9NJV4       165 YEGYALPHAILRLDLAGRDLTDYLMKILMERGYSFnTSAEREIVRDIKEKLCYIAFDFEGEMKKASEStaVDTSYELPDG 244 Naegleria gruberi
XP_011131581 167 YDGFALPHAVMRLDLAGRDLTEYMMTLLHLRGHAFtTSAEKEIVRDIKEKLCYIALEFDEELKKAEESdeVEKTYELPDG 246 Gregarina nipha...
CEM03258     167 YEGYALPHAILRLDLAGRDLTDYMMKILTERGYTFtTTAEREIVRDIKEKLCYVALDFDEAMKNASESsdLEKTYELPDG 246 Vitrella brassi...
OLP81009     166 YEGYALPHAIARLDLAGRDLTEYLMKIMMESGYSFcSSAEREIVRDINEKFCYIALDFDSEMKSAAESsdKAKTYELPDG 245 Symbiodinium mi...
Feature 1                                                                ### ##                  
2HF3_A       245 QVITIGNERFRCPEALFQPsf-lGMEACGIHETTYNSIMKCDVDIRKDLYANTVLSGGTTMYPGIADRMQKEITALAPsT 323 fruit fly
P12432       246 NVMQVGNQRFRCPEALFKPaligLDEAPGFHEMTFQSINKCDIDVRRDLYGNIVLSGGTTMFKNLPERLAKEISNLPPsS 325 Trypanosoma bru...
P10993       247 NTITVQDQRFRCPELLFKPaf-iGKEFPGIHELTFNSIMKCDVDVRKDLYNNIVLSGGTTMFPGIAERLSKEVSALAPsS 325 Tetrahymena pyr...
AAC47679     247 NVITIGNERFRCPEMLFKPyf-dGMEYDGIDKTLFDSIMKCDIDVRKDLYANIVLSGGTTMFKGIAERLDKEITALAPpT 325 Trichomonas vag...
AAC99646     248 NIIQVGSERFRCPEVLMKPsm-iGLEACGVHETTFNSINKCDIDVRKDLYSNIVLSGGTTMYEGLPERMSKEITNLAPnS 326 Euglena gracilis
AAR11389     247 NIITVGNERFRCPEVLFQPtf-iGKEASGIHDTTFQSIMKCDVDIRKDLYANVVLSGGTTMFNGIGERMTKELTALAPsT 325 Perkinsus marin...
Q9NJV4       245 NIITIGNERFRCPEVLFQPnf-iGMEAAGVHETAFNSIGKCDIDIRKDLYSNVVLSGGTTMFEGIAERMTKELTAMAPaS 323 Naegleria gruberi
XP_011131581 247 NVISVGKERFQTPEALFQPsl-iGREAQGVHHTTFQSVMKCDVDIRKDLYSNVVLSGGTTMYEGIGERMTKELTDLAPsT 325 Gregarina nipha...
CEM03258     247 NIITVGNERFRCPEVLFQPsf-iGKEASGIHDTTFQSIMKCDVDIRKDLYANVVLSGGTTMFNGIGERMTKELTALAPsT 325 Vitrella brassi...
OLP81009     246 NIVSLQSERFRCPEVLFQPsl-vGKEAMGIHDTTFRSIMTCDVDIRRDLYQNVVLSGGSTMMPGIGERMTKELCALAPsT 324 Symbiodinium mi...
Feature 1                   #                                  
2HF3_A       324 MKIKIIAPPERKYSVWIGGSILASLSTFQQMWISKQEYDESGPSIV 369 fruit fly
P12432       326 IKPKVVAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLTTFQSMWITKSEYDESGPSIV 371 Trypanosoma brucei brucei
P10993       326 MKIKVVAPPERRYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQTMWITKAEYDESGPSIV 371 Tetrahymena pyriformis
AAC47679     326 MKVKIVAPEERKYAVWVGGSILASLATFPQMVITKEEYDEAGPSIV 371 Trichomonas vaginalis G3
AAC99646     327 MKIKVVAPPERKYSVWIGGSILASLSTFQSMWIKKEEYDEAGPGIV 372 Euglena gracilis
AAR11389     326 MKIKVVAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQQMWISKQEYDESGPTIV 371 Perkinsus marinus ATCC 50983
Q9NJV4       324 MKIRVVAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQSMWITAEEYEDAGCGIV 369 Naegleria gruberi
XP_011131581 326 VGIKVIAPPERKFSVWIGGSILSSLTTFQNMWITADEYEECGPVIV 371 Gregarina niphandrodes
CEM03258     326 MKIKVVAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQQMWISKQEYDESGPTVV 371 Vitrella brassicaformis CCMP3155
OLP81009     325 VKVKVIAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQQMWISKAEYDESGPMIV 370 Symbiodinium microadriaticum

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