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1.

MAUREEN THOUGHT, ‘OK, IF I GET MYSELF SOME TIGHTER CLOTHES I COULD BE A SEX WORKER…’. From: I COULD BE A SEX WORKER: MEANINGS OF EXCLUSION AND INCLUSION CRITERIA TO PARTICIPANTS.

Aellah G, Chantler T, Geissler PW. Global Health Research in an Unequal World: Ethics Case Studies from Africa. Oxfordshire (UK): CAB International; 2016.
2.

‘DON'T WORRY, I'LL PRACTICE ABSTINENCE DURING THE TRIAL,’ SAID MARY, REJECTING THE OFFER OF CONTRACEPTIVES ‘UM… OK…’ SAID THE DOCTOR DOUBTFULLY. From: CHOP YOUR MONEY!: CHALLENGES IN RECRUITMENT AND ENFORCING STUDY RULES.

Aellah G, Chantler T, Geissler PW. Global Health Research in an Unequal World: Ethics Case Studies from Africa. Oxfordshire (UK): CAB International; 2016.
3.
Figure 2

Figure 2. Growth in number of beneficiaries treated with proton beam radiotherapy by facility, 2006-2009. From: Proton beam radiotherapy in the U.S. Medicare population: growth in use between 2006 and 2009: Data Points # 10.

OK=Oklahoma City, OK; TX=Houston, TX; SF=San Francisco, CA; MA=Boston, MA; LL=Loma Linda, CA; IN=Indianapolis, IN; FL=Gainesville, FL.

Data Points Publication Series [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2011-.
4.
Figure 18

Figure 18. Status of Medicaid expansion decisions by state: United States, 2020. From: Effect of Oral Health on the Community, Overall Well-Being, and the Economy.

Notes: Current status for each state is based on Kaiser Family Foundation tracking and analysis of state activity.
◊ Expansion is adopted but not yet implemented in MO and OK.

Oral Health in America: Advances and Challenges [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research(US); 2021 Dec.
5.
Figure 1

Figure 1. Ambulatory versus inpatient surgeries by body system, 2007. From: Hospital-Based Ambulatory Surgery, 2007.

Source: AHRQ, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases and State Ambulatory Surgery Databases, 2007, from the following 28 states: CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, IA, IN, KS, KY, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, SC, SD, TN, UT, VT, and WI

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
6.
FIGURE 6

FIGURE 6. From: Results: randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Randomised controlled trial CONSORT flow diagram. Reproduced with permission from House et al.176 Randomized controlled feasibility trial of supported self-management in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and an intellectual disability: OK Diabetes, Diabetic Medicine, John Wiley & Sons. © 2018 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK.

House A, Bryant L, Russell AM, et al. Managing with Learning Disability and Diabetes: OK-Diabetes – a case-finding study and feasibility randomised controlled trial. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2018 May.
7.

FIGURE 14. From: Results: randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Distribution of change in BMI by allocation. (a) SSM; and (b) TAU. Max., maximum; min., minimum. Reproduced with permission from House et al.176 Randomized controlled feasibility trial of supported self-management in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and an intellectual disability: OK Diabetes, Diabetic Medicine, John Wiley & Sons. © 2018 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK.

House A, Bryant L, Russell AM, et al. Managing with Learning Disability and Diabetes: OK-Diabetes – a case-finding study and feasibility randomised controlled trial. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2018 May.
8.
FIGURE 5.1

FIGURE 5.1. From: Community Health and Uninsurance.

Urban uninsurance and tuberculosis case rates, 1997.
NOTES: Data points represent the following cities: Akron, OH; Albuquerque, NM; Atlanta, GA; Austin, TX*; Baltimore, MD; Birmingham, AL; Boston, MA*; Buffalo, NY*; Charlotte, NC*; Chicago, IL; Cincinnati, OH*; Cleveland, OH; Columbus, OH; Dallas, TX; Dayton, OH; Denver, CO; Detroit, MI; Fort Worth, TX; Houston, TX; Indianapolis, IN; Jacksonville, FL; Jersey City, NJ; Kansas City, MO*; Louisville, KY; Memphis, TN*; Miami, FL; Milwaukee, WI; Minneapolis, MN*; Nashville, TN; New Orleans, LA; New York City, NY; Newark, NJ; Norfolk, VA*; Oakland, CA; Oklahoma City, OK; Omaha, NE*; Philadelphia, PA; Phoenix, AZ*; Richmond, VA; Rochester, NY; Sacramento, CA; San Antonio, TX; San Francisco, CA; St. Louis, MO*; Tampa, FL; Tulsa, OK; and Washington, DC.*
*These cities represent multicounty areas, while disease rates are for the central county unless otherwise indicated.
SOURCES: Brown et al., 2000; CDC, 2002a.

Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance. A Shared Destiny: Community Effects of Uninsurance. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2003.
9.

FIGURE 13. From: Results: randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Distribution of change in HbA1c level by allocation. (a) SSM; and (b) TAU. Max., maximum; min., minimum. Reproduced with permission from House et al.176 Randomized controlled feasibility trial of supported self-management in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and an intellectual disability: OK Diabetes, Diabetic Medicine, John Wiley & Sons. © 2018 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK.

House A, Bryant L, Russell AM, et al. Managing with Learning Disability and Diabetes: OK-Diabetes – a case-finding study and feasibility randomised controlled trial. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2018 May.
10.
FIGURE 2

FIGURE 2. From: Results for case finding and description of the sample.

Assessments at baseline and follow-up in the observational study. LD, learning disability. Reproduced with permission from House et al.176 Randomized controlled feasibility trial of supported self-management in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and an intellectual disability: OK Diabetes, Diabetic Medicine, John Wiley & Sons. © 2018 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK; and Bryant et al.189 Characterizing adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and intellectual disability: outcomes of a case-finding study, Diabetic Medicine, John Wiley & Sons. © 2017 The Authors Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK.

House A, Bryant L, Russell AM, et al. Managing with Learning Disability and Diabetes: OK-Diabetes – a case-finding study and feasibility randomised controlled trial. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2018 May.
11.
Figure 4b.

Figure 4b. From: Standalone BLAST Setup for Windows PC.

Configure standalone BLAST using Windows' environment variables: Use the “User variables for taota” section at the top of the dialog box to do the configuration. The two user variables relevant to blast+ are BLASTDB and path. Clicking the "New…" button to create the BLASTDB environment variable (insert) with "C:\Users\taota\Desktop\blast-2.10.0+\bin\" as its value. Click “OK” to save it to the list. Highlight the path variable, click “Edit…” to modify it by prepending a new path (underlined) to it. This addition enables Windows to locate installed blast+ programs. The example also sets up a variable called BLASTDB_LMDB_MAP_SIZE, with a value of 1000000, which is for the optimal function of makeblastdb when making version 5 databases locally.

BLAST® Help [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2008-.
12.
Figure 2

Figure 2. Rates of Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations Remained Essentially Unchanged for Hispanic Adults, but Decreased for Non-Hispanic White Adults, 2001–2006. From: Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations Among Hispanic Adults, 2006.

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases disparities analysis file, 2001 and 2006. This file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities for the National Healthcare Disparities Report using records from a sample of hospitals from the following 25 states: AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, KS, MA, MD, MI, MO, NH, NJ, NY, OK, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, and WI. States are weighted to national estimates.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
13.
Figure 3

Figure 3. Rate of Potentially Preventable Hospital Stays for Diabetes Among Hispanic Adults is More than Double the Rate Among Non-Hispanic White Adults. From: Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations Among Hispanic Adults, 2006.

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases disparities analysis file, 2006. This file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities for the National Healthcare Disparities Report using weighted records from a sample of hospitals from the following 24 states: AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, KS, MA, MD, MI, MO, NH, NJ, NY, OK, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, and WI.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
14.
Figure 1

Figure 1. Rates of patient safety events for postoperative (PO) complications among minorities relative to whites, risk adjusted, 2005. From: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Hospital Patient Safety Events, 2005.

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, disparities analysis file, 2005. This file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities for the National Healthcare Disparities Report using weighted records from a sample of hospitals from the following 23 states: AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, KS, MA, MD, MI, MO, NH, NJ, NY, OK, RI, SC, TN, TX, VT, and WI.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
15.
Figure 4

Figure 4. Disparities in Rate of Potentially Preventable Hospital Stays for Diabetes Between Hispanic Adults and Non-Hispanic White Adults Exist Across Income Levels. From: Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations Among Hispanic Adults, 2006.

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases disparities analysis file, 2006. This file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities for the National Healthcare Disparities Report using weighted records from a sample of hospitals from the following 24 states: AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, KS, MA, MD, MI, MO, NH, NJ, NY, OK, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, and WI.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
16.
Figure 2

Figure 2. Major reasons for hospitalization for stays originating in the community, by discharge disposition, population age 65 and older, 2009. From: Transitions between Nursing Homes and Hospitals in the Elderly Population, 2009.

Source: AHRQ, Center for Delivery, Organization and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, 2009, from the following states: AR, AZ, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, ME, MI, MN, MO, MT, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY; admissions with rehabilitation DRG 945, 946 were excluded; hospitals with >5 percent missing point of origin variable were excluded.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
17.
Figure 1

Figure 1. Type of infections for hospital stays originating from nursing homes and community, population aged 65 and older, 2009. From: Transitions between Nursing Homes and Hospitals in the Elderly Population, 2009.

Source: AHRQ, Center for Delivery, Organization and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, 2009, from the following states: AR, AZ, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, ME, MI, MN, MO, MT, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY; admissions with rehabilitation DRG 945, 946 were excluded; hospitals with >5 percent missing point of origin variable were excluded.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
18.
Figure 1

Figure 1. Rates of Potentially Preventable Hospital Stays for Chronic Conditions are 40 Percent Higher Among Hispanic Adults than Among Non-Hispanic White Adults. From: Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations Among Hispanic Adults, 2006.

* Significantly different from the rate of non-Hispanic white adults, at the 0.05 level or better.
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases disparities analysis file, 2006. This file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities for the National Healthcare Disparities Report using weighted records from a sample of hospitals from the following 24 states: AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, KS, MA, MD, MI, MO, NH, NJ, NY, OK, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, and WI.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
19.
Figure 3

Figure 3. Rates of patient safety events for obstetrical complications among minorities relative to whites, risk adjusted, 2005*. From: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Hospital Patient Safety Events, 2005.

*Rates are observed rates and are not adjusted for age, gender, or diagnostic risk factors.
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, disparities analysis file, 2005. This file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities for the National Healthcare Disparities Report using weighted records from a sample of hospitals from the following 23 states: AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, KS, MA, MD, MI, MO, NH, NJ, NY, OK, RI, SC, TN, TX, VT, and WI.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.
20.
Figure 2

Figure 2. Rates of patient safety events for medical and other surgical complications among minorities relative to whites, risk adjusted, 2005*. From: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Hospital Patient Safety Events, 2005.

*Rates are observed rates and are not adjusted for age, gender, or diagnostic risk factors.
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, disparities analysis file, 2005. This file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities for the National Healthcare Disparities Report using weighted records from a sample of hospitals from the following 23 states: AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, HI, KS, MA, MD, MI, MO, NH, NJ, NY, OK, RI, SC, TN, TX, VT, and WI.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2006 Feb-.

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