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Welch JR. Persistence of Good Living: A’uwẽ Life Cycles and Well-Being in the Central Brazilian Cerrados [Internet]. Tuscon (AZ): University of Arizona Press; 2023 May.

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Persistence of Good Living: A’uwẽ Life Cycles and Well-Being in the Central Brazilian Cerrados [Internet].

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GLOSSARY OF A’UWẼ TERMS

aba

Hunt; individual or small group hunt.

abare

Pequi fruit (Caryocar brasiliense).

abare’u

Secular age set name (may derive from abare).

abarudu

Wrist and ankle straps (used in spiritual rituals).

abaze pra’rí

Tracking animals during hunts.

abzé

Sorcery. Also see simi’ö.

adabá

Married woman without child (“childless wife”), young bride (informal female age grade).

adabasa

Wedding meat (game meat given by a groom to the family of his bride).

aibö

Male, man. Also initiated adult male (age-graded kinship term).

aihö’oboni

Age set leadership position.

aimana

Term of address for a ceremonial father. See danhorebzu’wa.

ai’repudu

Male adolescent (informal male age grade).

ai’rere

Secular age set name. Also guariroba palm (Syagrus oleracea).

ai’rere’rada

Secular age set name (distinguished from a junior age set with the same name, ai’rere).

anhana

Feces.

anhanarowa

Secular age set name (may derive from anhana).

anhanarowa’rada

Secular age set name (distinguished from a junior age set with the same name, anhanarowa).

araté

Married woman with child (informal age grade, infrequently used). Also see ĩ’raré.

asada

Puma (Puma concolor).

a’uté

Infant, child, fetus (informal male and female age grade).

a’uté’manhãri’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (women’s naming ceremony coordinator, or “baby maker,” “baby organizer”).

a’utépré

Infant (diminutive); small infant, newborn.

a’uté’rene

Junior category within younger spiritual age grades.

a’utézo rõmhöri

“Baby work,” whereby a father wore special painted ear plugs to stimulate pregnancy and influence the trajectory of the child’s physical development toward maleness or femaleness.

azarudu

Adolescent girl (informal female age grade).

ba’õno

Female child, girl (informal female age grade).

ba’õtõre

Female child (diminutive), young/small girl.

barana si’iné

Nighttime visits by a young man to the house of his future wife (“to walk only at night” or “to visit only at night”).

bödi

Grandson (kinship term). Also uninitiated male (age-graded kinship term).

da’amo

Formal friend, third person (ceremonial comrade in the opposite exogamous moiety).

dabasa

Marriage ceremony.

dabasa ĩsemere

Formal wedding ceremony (“meat basket wedding”).

dabasa ĩserere

Informal, abbreviated wedding ceremony.

dahi’rada

Members of the fourth older secular age set; mentor’s mentors, third person.

dahí’wa

Novitiate adult, young adult (formal age grade). Also see ’ritei’wa.

dama’ai’a’wa

Guard, soldier (spiritual age grade).

dama’dö’ö’wa

Chief, formal community leadership position.

damaprewa

Parents-in-law, third person.

damro

Spouse (wife or husband).

danhim’apito

Traditionalist form of community leaders whose status derives from a combination of genealogy, seniority, personal capacity, and prestige. Also see danhim’hö’a.

danhimi’e

Left, left side (may refer to left side of the community and its associated age set moiety).

danhim’hö’a

Traditionalist form of community leaders whose status derives from a combination of genealogy, seniority, personal capacity, and prestige. Also see danhim’apito.

danhimire

Right, right side (may refer to right side of the community and its associated age set moiety).

danhiptede

Strong, vigorous. Also see siptede.

danhiptetezé

Healthful, strengthening (especially foods).

danhisé

Modesty, shame, respect.

danhizu

Imitation (may refer to learning through imitation).

danhohui’wa

Mentor to the age set whose male members occupy the preinitiate house, third person.

danhono

Secular age set initiation rites (mark passage into novitiate adulthood).

danho’re

Collective singing and dancing performances, performed around the community in front of residences, with participants joined with clasped hands in a circle.

danho’rebzu’a

Cotton necktie knotted in front and affixed with an ethnobiological insert in back.

danhorebzu’wa

Ceremonial father (a mother’s brother who assumes certain ceremonial responsibilities for a sister’s children).

danimiwanho

An individual boy’s personal mentor, chosen by the boy’s father from among his age set’s mentors (danhohui’wa), third person.

daporezapú

Boys’ ear-piercing ceremony marking impending advancement to novitiate adulthood.

daporezapu’u’wa

Ceremonial ear piercer.

daporezapu’u’wa’tede’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (master of ear piercers).

da’rã si sãmra dahã

“Opening your mind” (to adult ways of thinking), a goal for preinitiates while residing in the preinitiate house.

darini

Quindecinnial spiritual initiation rites.

dasai’pe

Dietary restrictions observed by parents during and soon after pregnancy to protect their child from ill effects, including sickness and death.

dasiré

Together with, joined.

dasi’sanho

To set an example for young people to learn through observation and imitation.

dasiwaté

Part of danhono initiation rites; an endurance exercise involving boys vigorously splashing water in the river.

dasi’tó

Initiation rites marking transition from novitiate adulthood to mature adulthood, held separately for women and men.

dasiwẽ

Girlfriend or fiancée, a girl whose future husband visits her at night.

dati’ö

Mother, categorical mother (vocative kinship term).

da’usú za’ra

Secular age set.

dawapru

Blood.

dawawa

Mourning song.

dawawa’ĩrõ

Second staggered induction group into an age set (“middle penis sheath”).

dazada’ro

Breath, bad breath.

dazahihöri

Age set inauguration ceremony.

dazani’wa

Daughter-in-law.

daza’õmo

Son-in-law.

du

Group hunt employing fire to flush out game animals.

êtẽpa

Secular age set name. Also, “scarce stone,” used as mortar or hammer stone.

êtẽpa’rada

Secular age set name (distinguished from a junior age set with the same name, êtẽpa).

heroi’wa

Ceremonial stage and minor formal age grade during secular age set initiation rites (danhono).

Preinitiate house (residence of preinitiates under supervision of their mentors), located just beyond ring of residences and in symbolic isolation from community.

hö’amoniwĩmhã

The other secular age set moiety; people in the other secular age set moiety.

hödawa’u’hã

Fourth staggered induction group into a secular age set.

höimana’u’ö

“Descendants of the first creators” (Graham 1995, 19).

hömono

A men’s trek, without the participation of women, usually undertaken for the primary purpose of hunting.

hötörã

Secular age set name. Also oscar fish (Astronotus spp.).

hö’wa

Coresident of the preinitiate house (); a specific protégé to a specific mentor (danimiwanho). Also age-graded kinship term.

hö’wa nõri

Preinitiate protégés (members of the wapté formal age grade under the guidance of danhohui’wa mentors).

ĩ’amo

Formal friend, first person (ceremonial comrade in the opposite exogamous moiety).

ĩdub’rada

Older same-gender sibling (kinship term).

ĩhi

Elder (informal male and female age grade).

ĩhídiba

Sister, categorical sister (kinship term for male speakers).

ĩhire

Elder (diminutive), young elder.

ĩhíteb’re

Brother, categorical brother (kinship term).

ĩhi’wa

Members of one’s next oldest age set (used until the speaker’s age set has attained mature adulthood).

ĩhöiba’rada

Old person (“old life/body”).

ĩhöibaté

Young person (“young life/body”).

ĩmama

Father, categorical father (kinship term).

ĩmama’amo

Father’s brother, categorical father’s brother (referential kinship term).

ĩmamawapté

Mother’s brother, categorical mother’s brother (referential kinship term).

ĩmanadö

Extended ceremonial hunt held during the final stages of secular age set initiation rites for the benefit of pahöri’wa and tebé ceremonial designees.

ĩmaprewa

Parents-in-law, first person.

ĩmawapté

Mother’s brother, categorical mother’s brother (vocative kinship term).

ĩmurĩ’rada

Age set leadership position.

ĩna

Mother, categorical mother (referential kinship term).

ĩnawapté

Mother’s sister, categorical mother’s sister (referential kinship term).

ĩnhimnhõhu

Term used reciprocally throughout life between protégés and mentors in the secular age group system.

ĩno

Younger same-gender sibling (kinship term).

iprédu

Mature adult (formal age grade).

ipredumrini

Elder category within younger spiritual age grades.

ĩpredupté

“Young animal” or “new growth.”

ĩ’rada

Grandparent (kinship term).

ĩrapté

Male and female children of categorical sisters (vocative kinship term).

ĩ’raré

Married woman with child (informal age grade). Also see araté.

ĩ’rehí

Scout (male member of dahí’wa or ’ritei’wa age grade or first age set in iprédu age grade who has been trained for territorial surveillance.)

ĩrõ

Penis sheath (precontact article of clothing).

ĩrõ’rada

First staggered induction group into an age set (“first penis sheath”).

ĩrõ’té

Third staggered induction group into an age set (“last penis sheath”).

ĩsidána

Brother’s wife and wife’s sister (vocative kinship term).

ĩtebe

Father’s sister, categorical father’s sister (kinship term).

ĩwe

Beautiful, good.

noni

Ceremonial mantle made of buriti leaves, worn by tebé age set ceremonial leaders while leading sprinting races across the community plaza during the initial stages of quinquennial rites of initiation into novitiate adulthood (danhono).

nozö

Traditional (A’uwẽ) maize (Zea mays).

nozö’u

Secular age set name (may derive from nozö).

õhã hö’abaniwimhã

“People on their side” (may be used for age set moieties, exogamous moieties, and other instances of sidedness).

oi’o

Ceremonial club fight.

õniwimhã

“Their side” (may be used for age set moieties, exogamous moieties, and other instances of sidedness).

otí

Granddaughter (kinship term). Also girl (age-graded kinship term).

öwawe

Exogamous moiety name (Big Water).

pahöri’wa

Age set ceremonial position and associated ceremony.

pahöri’wa’tede’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (owner of pahöri’wa).

pi’õ

Female, woman. Also married female with child (age-graded kinship term).

pi’õsiwe

Boyfriend or fiancé, a young man who visits his future wife at night.

poreza’õno

Exogamous moiety name (Tadpole).

-’rada

First, old (used as suffix with secular age set names to distinguish senior from junior age sets).

’repudu

Male adolescent (used for certain consanguineal kin, usually categorical sons, in the first descending generation of vocative kinship terminology).

’ri

House.

’ritei’wa

Novitiate adult, young adult (formal age grade). Also see dahí’wa.

rowaihu

To learn, to understand.

rowete danho’re

A daytime singing ceremony sponsored by female and/or male mentors for their protégés.

sada’ro

Secular age set name (may derive from dazada’ro).

sa’uri

Ceremonial foot race marking transition from novitiate to mature adulthood during dasi’tó rites of passage.

sib’uware

Weak, lacking fortitude.

simana

Mature ceremonial child.

simi’ö

Sorcery. Also see abzé.

simi’ö’tede’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (owners of sorcery).

sinhõ’ra

Members of one’s next youngest age set (used until the referent age set has attained mature adulthood).

siptede

Strong, vigorous. Also see danhiptede.

soimbá

Married female without child (age-graded kinship term).

sorebzu’wa

Term used by fathers for their children’s ceremonial parents.

ta’rebzu

Ceremonial child (a sister’s child for whom a man performs certain rituals).

tebé

Age set ceremonial leaders appointed for secular age set initiation rites (danhono) by elder owners of the tepé’tede’wa heritable prerogative.

tepé’tede’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (owner of tebé).

tepezo

Fishing.

ti

Arrow.

ti’a

Tick (parasitic arachnid).

ti’ipê

Sacred cane arrows (used in certain spiritual rituals).

tirowa

Secular age set name (may derive from ti or ti’a).

tirowa’rada

Secular age set name (distinguished from a junior age set with the same name, tirowa).

topdató

A circular mark on the face used by a’uté’manhãri’wa heritable prerogative owners (Face Circle).

ubranhowahã

Final and solitary inductee into the preinitiate house.

uhí

Traditional (A’uwẽ) beans (Phaseolus spp.).

uhö’tede’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (white-lipped peccary owner).

uiwede

Ceremonial log race.

uiwede zada’rã

Ceremonial mentor’s group hunt.

umrẽ’tede’wa

Spiritual moiety name (rattle owners).

uptabi

True, genuine.

uzöné

Traditional (A’uwẽ) squash (Cucurbita spp.).

wa’a di

Lazy.

wa’i

Ceremonial wrestling match.

wahi’wa

Members of one’s next oldest age set (used until the referent age set has attained mature adulthood).

wahöiba niwĩmhã

“People on our side” (may be used for age set moieties, exogamous moieties, and other instances of sidedness).

wahöimanazé

Traditions, customs, culture.

wai’a

A complex of male spiritual rituals that involve male spiritual age group organization.

wai’a amo

“People on the other spiritual side” (spiritual age set moiety).

wai’ãra

Spiritual initiate (spiritual age grade).

wai’ãra a’uté’rene

Junior spiritual initiate.

wai’a’rada

Spiritual post-officiant (spiritual age grade).

wai’ãra ipredumrini

Senior spiritual initiate.

wai’a sipi’õ

Women who were admitted into men’s spiritual rituals following punishment for spiritual transgressions, discontinued in the present.

wamarĩzu’tede’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (owner of “peace-keeper” sacred powder).

wamnhono

Ceremonial masks, worn during one of the final stages of initiation rites into novitiate adulthood (danhono).

waniwĩmhã

“Our side” or “people on our side” (may be used for age set moieties and exogamous moieties).

wapté

Preinitiate (formal secular age grade).

wapté rõiwĩhã

Preinitiate induction rites.

warã

Men’s council.

warazu

Non-Indigenous people, “white” people.

warazu’tede’wa

A heritable prerogative ownership (owner of non-Indigenous people).

wasi’höiba

Close bilateral kin (one’s close same-moiety kin and one’s first-degree cross-cousins).

wasiní

Term of respect used reciprocally by real and categorical fathers of a bride and groom.

wasiréhã

Any group of three people; a person who is “with us” (may be used for age set moieties, exogamous moieties, and other instances of sidedness).

wasi’re’wa

“Separated from us” or “people separated from us” (may be used for age set moieties, exogamous moieties, and other instances of sidedness).

wasiré wai’a

“People on our spiritual side” (spiritual age set moiety).

wasirewarõ

Members of one’s age set that are in the same exogamous moiety or that one considers particularly intimate friends.

wasirewãhõno

Members of one’s age set who are also in one’s exogamous moiety, one’s first-degree cousins, or socially very close.

wasisinawa

One’s genealogically close same-moiety categorical siblings.

wasiwadí

One’s genealogically distant categorical siblings or distant members of one’s exogamous moiety.

watebremí

Boy, male child (informal age grade).

watebremire

Boy (diminutive), male child (diminutive), young/small boy.

watei’wa

Ceremonial stage during secular age set initiation rites (danhono), characterized by water-splashing exercises.

wautoptu

Spiritual preinitiate.

waza’runiwĩmhã

“Our secular age set moiety” or “people in our secular age set moiety.”

wedehöri’wa

Spiritual moiety name (wood owners).

wedehu

Men’s wooden ear plugs.

wedi

Good, well.

zarudu

Adolescent girl (used for certain consanguineal kin in first descending generation of vocative kinship terminology).

zömoni

Trekking, walking, going on excursions outside the community with entire families.

zö’ra’si’wa

Singer (spiritual age grade).

© 2023 by The Arizona Board of Regents.

All rights reserved. Published 2023

The text of this book is licensed under the Creative Commons Atrribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which means that the text may be used for non-commercial purposes, provided credit is given to the author. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of the Wellcome Trust.

Monographs, or book chapters, which are outputs of Wellcome Trust funding have been made freely available as part of the Wellcome Trust's open access policy

Bookshelf ID: NBK593232

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