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Kingshipp BJ, Raghavan R, Güngör D, et al. Breakfast Consumption by School-Aged Children and Adolescents and School Performance, Weight-Related Outcomes, and Health Outcomes & U.S. School Breakfast Program Best Practices, Including Models of Student Costs and Breakfast Delivery: A Series of Rapid Reviews [Internet]. Alexandria (VA): USDA Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review; 2022 Apr.
Breakfast Consumption by School-Aged Children and Adolescents and School Performance, Weight-Related Outcomes, and Health Outcomes & U.S. School Breakfast Program Best Practices, Including Models of Student Costs and Breakfast Delivery: A Series of Rapid Reviews [Internet].
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The following tables list the articles excluded from the rapid reviews during full-text screening. At least one reason for exclusion is provided for each article, though this may not reflect all possible reasons. Information about articles excluded after title and abstract screening is available upon request.
Table A2 1Articles excluded during full-text screening of the initial literature search for Key Question 1a: What is the relationship between eating breakfast and school performance?
| Article | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Mhurchu, C. N., Gorton, D., Turley, M., Jiang, Y., Michie, J., Maddison, R., & Hattie, J. (2013). Effects of a free school breakfast programme on children’s attendance, academic achievement, and short-term hunger: Results from a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised controlled trial. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 67 (3), 257-264. http://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2012-201540 | Publication status |
| Pivik, R. T., Tennal, K. B., Chapman, S. D., & Gu, Y. (2012). Eating breakfast enhances the efficiency of neural networks engaged during mental arithmetic in school-aged children. Physiology & Behavior, 106 (4), 548-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.03.034 | Publication status |
| Effects of Breakfast on Cognitive Processes in Children. (2010). NCT01063894. Retrieved from https: | Publication status |
| Nutrition Intervention to Measure Metabolic Response in Children. (2017). NCT03139773. Retrieved from https: | Publication status |
| The Effects of Breakfast on Brain Function. (2008). NCT00621595. Retrieved from https: | Publication status |
| The Influence of Breakfast on Hormone Responses and Cognitive Performance.(2016). NCT03005951. Retrieved from https: | Publication status |
| Ahmadi, A., Sohrabi, Z., & Eftekhari, M. H. (2009). Evaluating the relationship between breakfast pattern and short-term memory in junior high school girls. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 12 (9), 712-715. http://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2009.742.745 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Anzman-Frasca, S., Djang, H. C., Halmo, M. M., Dolan, P. R., & Economos, C. D. (2015). Estimating impacts of a breakfast in the classroom program on school outcomes. JAMA Pediatrics, 169 (1), 71-77. http://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.2042 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Benton, D., Maconie, A., & Williams, C. (2007). The influence of the glycaemic load of breakfast on the behaviour of children in school. Physiology & Behavior, 92 (4), 717-724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.065 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Chaplin, K., & Smith, A. P. (2011). Breakfast and snacks: Associations with cognitive failures, minor injuries, accidents and stress. Nutrients, 3 (5), 515-528. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu3050515 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Corcoran, S. P., Elbel, B., & Schwartz, A. E. (2016). The effect of breakfast in the classroom on obesity and academic performance: Evidence from New York City. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management Volume, 35 (3), 509-532. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.21909 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Faught, E. L., Gleddie, D., Storey, K. E., Davison, C. M., & Veugelers, P. J. (2017). Healthy lifestyle behaviours are positively and independently associated with academic achievement: An analysis of self-reported data from a nationally representative sample of Canadian early adolescents. PLoS One, 12 (7), e0181938-e0181952. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181938 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Frisvold, D. E. (2015). Nutrition and cognitive achievement: An evaluation of the School Breakfast Program. Journal of Public Economics, 124, 91-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.12.003 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Leos-Urbel, J., Schwartz, A. E., Weinstein, M., & Corcoran, S. (2013). Not just for poor kids: The impact of universal free school breakfast on meal participation and student outcomes. Economics of Education Review, 36, 88-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2013.06.007 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Mhurchu, C. N., Gorton, D., Turley, M., Jiang, Y., Michie, J., Maddison, R., & Hattie, J. (2013). Effects of a free school breakfast programme on children’s attendance, academic achievement, and short-term hunger: Results from a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised controlled trial. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 67 (3), 257-264. http://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2012-201540 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Micha, R., Rogers, P. J., Nelson, M. (2011). Glycaemic index and glycaemic load of breakfast predict cognitive function and mood in school children: A randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Nutrition, 106 (10), 1552-1561. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511002303 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Skogheim, T. S., Vollrath, M. E. (2015). Associations of child temperament with child overweight and breakfast habits: A population study in five-year-olds. Nutrients, 7 (12), 10116-10128. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu7125522 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| So W. Y. (2013). Association between frequency of breakfast consumption and academic performance in healthy Korean adolescents. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 42 (1), 25-32. PMID: 23514747 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Stea, T. H., & Torstveit, M. K. (2014). Association of lifestyle habits and academic achievement in Norwegian adolescents: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 14 (829). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-829 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Stroebele N, McNally J, Plog A, Siegfried S, Hill JO. (2013). The association of self-reported sleep, weight status, and academic performance in fifth-grade students. Journal of School Health, 83 (2), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12001 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Tanihata, T., Kanda, H., Osaki, Y., Ohida, T., Minowa, M., Wada, K., … Hayashi, K. (2015). Unhealthy lifestyle, poor mental health, and its correlation among adolescents: A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 27 (2), NP1557–NP1565. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539512452753 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Tapper, K., Murphy, S., Lynch, R., Clark, R., Moore, G. F., & Moore, L. (2007). Development of a scale to measure 9–11-year-olds’ attitudes towards breakfast. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 62 (4), 511-518. http://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602735 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Torres, M., Carmona, I., Campillo, C., Pérez, G., & Campillo, J. E. (2007). Breakfast, plasma glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate, body mass index and academic performance in children from Extremadura, Spain. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 22 (4), 487-490. PMID: 17650890 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Veldwijk, J. , Fries, M. C., Bemelmans, W. J., Haveman-Nies, A. , Smit, H. A., Koppelman, G. H. and Wijga, A. H. (2012). Overweight and school performance among primary school children: The PIAMA birth cohort study. Obesity, 20 (3): 590-596. http://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.327 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Amiri, F., Amani, R., Rashidkhani, B., Khajemogahi, N., Wesnes, K., & Saxby, B. (2008). Effect of breakfast composition on memory of primary school children in Ahwaz. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology & Metabolism, 10 (3), 247-256. | Publication language |
| Lozano, R. H., & Ballesteros, J. C. F. (2006). A study on breakfast and school performance in a group of adolescents. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 21 (3), 346-352. PMID: 16771116 | Publication language |
| Morales, I. F., Vilas, M. V. A., Vega, C. J. M., & Para, M. C. M. (2008). Relation between the breakfast quality and the academic performance in adolescents of Guadalajara (Castilla-La Mancha). Nutricion Hospitalaria, 23 (4), 383-387. PMID: 18604325 | Publication language |
| Ahadi, Z., Kelishadi, R., Qorbani, M., Zahedi, H., Aram, M., Motlagh, M. E., Ardalan, G., Shafiee, G., Arzaghi, S. M., Asayesh, H., & Heshmat, R. (2016). Association of breakfast intake with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in Iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN- IV study. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 83 (9), 922-929. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2049-7 | Outcome |
| Baldinger, N., Krebs, A., Muller, R., & Aeberli, I. (2012). Swiss children consuming breakfast regularly have better motor functional skills and are less overweight than breakfast skippers. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 31 (2), 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2012.10720013 | Outcome |
| Boschloo, A., Ouwehand, C., Dekker, S., Lee, N., de Groot, R., Krabbendam, L., Jolles, J. (2012). The relation between breakfast skipping and school performance in adolescents. Mind, Brain, and Education, 6 (2) 82-88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-228X.2012.01138.x | Outcome |
| Hashemi, F. S., Soltani, R., Hassanzadeh, A., & Eslami, A. A. (2017). Relationship between breakfast consumption and self-efficacy, outcome expectations, evaluation and knowledge in elementary students. International Journal of Pediatrics, 5 (1), 4163-4174. http://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.7678 | Outcome |
| Lee, G., Han, K., & Kim, H. (2017). Risk of mental health problems in adolescents skipping meals: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2012. Nursing Outlook, 65 (4), 411-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2017.01.007 | Outcome |
| Lien, L. (2007). Is breakfast consumption related to mental distress and academic performance in adolescents? Public Health Nutrition, 10 (4), 422-428. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980007258550 | Outcome |
| O’Sullivan, T. A., Robinson, M., Kendall, G. E., Miller, M., Jacoby, P., Silburn, S. R., Oddy, W. H. (2009). A good-quality breakfast is associated with better mental health in adolescence. Public Health Nutrition, 12 (2), 249-258. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980008003935 | Outcome |
| Richards, G., Smith, A. P. (2016). Breakfast and energy drink consumption in secondary school children: Breakfast omission, in isolation or in combination with frequent energy drink use, is associated with stress, anxiety, and depression cross-sectionally, but not at 6-month follow-up. Frontiers in Psychology, 7 (106), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00106 | Outcome |
| Mhurchu, C. N., Turley, M., Gorton, D., Jiang, Y., Michie, J., Maddison, R., & Hattie, J. (2010). Effects of a free school breakfast programme on school attendance, achievement, psychosocial function, and nutrition: a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial. BMC Public Health, 10 (1), 738-743. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-738 | Study design |
| Adolphus, K., Lawton, C. L., & Dye, L. (2015). The Relationship between Habitual Breakfast Consumption Frequency and Academic Performance in British Adolescents. Frontiers in Public Health, 3 (68), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2015.00068 | Study design |
| Edwards, J. U., Mauch, L., Winkelman, M. R. (2011). Relationship of nutrition and physical activity behaviors and fitness measures to academic performance for sixth graders in a midwest city school district. Journal of School Health, 81 (2), 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00562.x | Study design |
| Hjorth, M. F., Sorensen, L. B., Andersen, R., Dyssegaard, C. B., Ritz, C., Tetens, I., Michaelsen, K. F., Astrup, A., Egelund, N., & Sjodin, A. (2016). Normal weight children have higher cognitive performance - Independent of physical activity, sleep, and diet. Physiology & Behavior, 165 (2016), 398-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.021 | Study design |
| Ho, C. Y., Huang, Y. C., Lo, Y. T., Wahlqvist, M. L., & Lee, M. S. (2015). Breakfast is associated with the metabolic syndrome and school performance among Taiwanese children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 43-44 (2015), 179-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2015.07.003 | Study design |
| Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., Roumeliotis, P., Farrow, C. V., & Shi, Y. F. (2014). Breakfast skipping is associated with cyberbullying and school bullying victimization. A school-based cross-sectional study. Appetite, 79 (2014), 76-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.04.007 | Study design |
| Imberman, S. A., & Kugler, A. D. (2014). The effect of providing breakfast in class on student performance. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 33 (3), 669-699. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.21759 | Study design |
| Kang, Y. W., & Park, J. H. (2016). Does skipping breakfast and being overweight influence academic achievement among Korean adolescents? Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, 7 (4), 220-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.05.004 | Study design |
| Kim, S. Y., Sim, S., Park, B., Kong, I. G., Kim, J. H., & Choi, H. G. (2017). Dietary habits are associated with school performance in adolescents. Medicine (Baltimore), 95 (12), e3096-e3045. http://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000003096 | Study design |
| Kohyama, J. (2017). Self-reported academic performance and lifestyle habits of school children in Japan. International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition, 6 (3), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4247.2017.06.03.1 | Study design |
| Liu, J., Hwang, W. T., Dickerman, B., & Compher, C. (2013). Regular breakfast consumption is associated with increased IQ in kindergarten children. Early Human Development, 89 (4), 257-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.01.006 | Study design |
| McIsaac, J. L., Kirk, S. F., Kuhle, S. (2015). The association between health behaviours and academic performance in Canadian elementary school students: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12 (11), 14857-14871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114857 | Study design |
| Øverby, N., & Høigaard, R. (2012). Diet and behavioral problems at school in Norwegian adolescents. Food & Nutrition Research, 56 (1), 17231-17237. https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v56i0.17231 | Study design |
| Saeidi, Z., Vakili, R., Hashemi, A. G., & Saeidi, M. (2015). The effect of diet on learning of junior high school students in Mashhad, north-east of Iran. International Journal of Pediatrics, 3 (2.2), 517-526. http://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2015.4139 | Study design |
| Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Hamilton, H. A. (2017). Eating breakfast regularly is related to higher school connectedness and academic performance in Canadian middle- and high-school students. Public Health, 145 (2017), 120-123. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2016.12.027 | Study design |
Table A2 2Articles excluded during full-text screening of the initial literature search for Key Question 1b: What is the relationship between eating breakfast and weight-related outcomes?
| Article | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Feeley, A. B., Musenge, E., Pettifor, J. M., & Norris, S. A. (2013). Investigation into longitudinal dietary behaviours and household socio-economic indicators and their association with BMI Z-score and fat mass in South African adolescents: the Birth to Twenty (Bt20) cohort. Public Health Nutrition, 16 (4), 693-703. http://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980012003308 | Study setting |
| Albertson, A. M., Thompson, D., Franko, D. L., Holschuh, N. M., Bauserman, R., & Barton, B. A. (2009). Prospective associations among cereal intake in childhood and adiposity, lipid levels, and physical activity during late adolescence. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109 (10), 1775-1780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2009.07.004 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Ambrosini, G. L., Emmett, P. M., Northstone, K., & Jebb, S. A. (2014). Tracking a dietary pattern associated with increased adiposity in childhood and adolescence. Obesity (Silver Spring), 22 (2), 458-465. http://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20542 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Ask, A. S., Hernes, S., Aarek, I., & Vik, F. (2010). Serving of free school lunch to secondary-school pupils - a pilot study with health implications. Public Health Nutrition, 13 (2), 238-244. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980009990772 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Barbosa, M. I. D., de Oliveira, B. R., de Carvalho, N. A. et al. (2016). Food and Nutrition Education: Influence on students feeding behavior and nutritional status. Mundo Da Saude, 40, 399-409. PMID: 26400123 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Bruening, M., Larson, N., Story, M., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & Hannan, P. (2011). Predictors of adolescent breakfast consumption: longitudinal findings from Project EAT. Journal of Nutrition Education Behavior, 43 (5), 390-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2011.02.016 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Campos Pastor, M. M., Serrano Pardo, M. D., Fernández Soto, M. L. Luna Del Castillo, J. D., & Escobar-Jiménez, F. (2012). Impact of a ‘school-based’ nutrition intervention on anthropometric parameters and the metabolic syndrome in Spanish adolescents. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 61 (4), 281-288. http://doi.org/10.1159/000341495 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Capogrossi, K., & You, W. (2017). The influence of school nutrition programs on the weight of low-income children: A treatment effect analysis. Health Economics, 26 (8), 980-1000. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.3378 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Chen, C. Y., & Hsiao, Y. C. (2018). Dual trajectories of breakfast eating and fruit and vegetable intake over a 5-year follow-up period among economically disadvantaged children: Gender differences. Appetite, 121 (2018), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.10.027 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Corcoran, S. P., Elbel, B., & Schwartz, A. E. (2016). The effect of breakfast in the classroom on obesity and academic performance: Evidence from New York City. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 35 (3), 509-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.21909 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Drenowatz, C., Kobel, S., Kettner, S. Kesztyüs, D., Wirt, T., Dreyhaupt, J., & Steinacker, J. M. (2013). Correlates of weight gain in German children attending elementary school. Preventative Medicine, 57 (4), 310-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.06.004 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Elinder, L. S., Heinemans, N., Zeebari, Z., & Patterson, E. (2014). Longitudinal changes in health behaviours and body weight among Swedish school children - Associations with age, gender and parental education - The SCIP school cohort. BMC Public Health, 14, 640-649. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-640 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Fairclough, S. J., Hackett, A. F., Davies, I. G. , Gobbi, R., Mackintosh, K. A., Warburton, G. L., Stratton, G., van Sluijs, E. M., & Boddy, L. M. (2013). Promoting healthy weight in primary school children through physical activity and nutrition education: A pragmatic evaluation of the CHANGE! randomised intervention study. BMC Public Health, 13, 626-640. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-626 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| François, P., Guyomard, A., Baudet, D, Dubois-Fabing, D., Boussuges, S., Perrin, F., & Seigneurin, A. (2014). Evaluation of an obesity prevention program for school-aged children in deprived urban areas. Archives De Pédiatrie, 21 (7), 727-735. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2014.04.026 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Franko, D. L., Albertson, A. M., Thompson, D. R., Barton, B. A. (2011). Cereal consumption and indicators of cardiovascular risk in adolescent girls. Public Health Nutrition, 14 (4), 584-590. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010002016 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Heo, M., Jimenez, C. C., Lim, J. , Isasi, C. R., Blank, A. E., Lounsbury, D. W., Fredericks, L., Bouchard, M., Faith, M. S., & Wylie-Rosett, J. (2018). Effective nationwide school-based participatory extramural program on adolescent body mass index, health knowledge and behaviors. BMC Pediatrics, 18 (1), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0975-9 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Hollywood, E., Comiskey, C., Begley, T. Snel, A., O’Sullivan, K., Quirke, M., & Wynne, C. (2013). Measuring and modelling body mass index among a cohort of urban children living with disadvantage. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 69 (4), 851-861. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06071.x | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Jääskeläinen, A., Schwab, U., Kolehmainen, M. Kaakinen, M., Savolainen, M. J., Froguel, P., Cauchi, S., Järvelin, M., & Laitinen, J. (2013). Meal frequencies modify the effect of common genetic variants on body mass index in adolescents of the northern Finland birth cohort 1986. PLoS One, 8 (9), e73802. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073802 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Kocken, P. L., Scholten, A., Westhoff, E., De Kok, B. P. H., Taal, E. M., & Goldbohm, R. A. (2016). Effects of a theory-based education program to prevent overweightness in primary school children. Nutrients, 8 (1), 12-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8010012 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Leidy, H. J., Hoertel, H. A., Douglas, S. M., Higgins, K. A., & Shafer, R. S. (2015). A high-protein breakfast prevents body fat gain, through reductions in daily intake and hunger, in “Breakfast skipping” adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring), 23 (9), 1761-1764. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21185 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Mihas, C., Mariolis, A., Manios, Y., Naska, A., Arapaki, A., Mariolis-Sapsakos, T., & Tountas, Y. (2010). Evaluation of a nutrition intervention in adolescents of an urban area in Greece: short- and long-term effects of the VYRONAS study. Public Health Nutrition, 13 (5), 712-719. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980009991625 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Neumark-Sztainer, D., Wall, M., Haines, J, Story, M., Eisenberg, M. E. (2007). Why does dieting predict weight gain in adolescents? Findings from Project EAT-II: A 5-year longitudinal study. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 107 (3), 448-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.12.013 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Ochoa-Avilés, A., Verstraeten, R., Huybregts, L., Andrade, S., Van Camp, J., Donoso, S., Ramírez, P. L., Lachat, C., Maes, L., & Kolsteren, P. (2017). A school-based intervention improved dietary intake outcomes and reduced waist circumference in adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Nutrition Journal, 16, 79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-017-0299-5 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Pablos, A., Nebot, V., Vañó-Vicent, V., Ceca, D., & Elvira, L. (2018). Effectiveness of a school-based program focusing on diet and health habits taught through physical exercise. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 43 (4), 331-337, https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0348 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Powers, H. J., Stephens, M., Russell, J., & Hill, M. H. (2016). Fortified breakfast cereal consumed daily for 12 wk leads to a significant improvement in micronutrient intake and micronutrient status in adolescent girls: a randomised controlled trial. Nutrition Journal, 15, 69. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-016-0185-6 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Raffoul, A., Leatherdale, S. T., & Kirkpatrick, S. I. (2018). Dieting predicts engagement in multiple risky behaviours among adolescent Canadian girls: A longitudinal analysis. Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique, 109 (1), 61-69. https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-018-0025-x | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Rodearmel, S. J., Wyatt, H. R., Barry, M. J., Dong, F., Pan, D., Israel, R. G., Cho, S. S., McBurney, M. I., & Hill, J. O. (2006). A family-based approach to preventing excessive weight gain. Obesity (Silver Spring), 14 (8), 1392-1401. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2006.158 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Sacchetti, R., Dallolio, L., Musti, M. A., Guberti, E., Garulli, A., Beltrami, P., Castellazzi, F., Centis, E., Zenesini, C., Coppini, C., Rizzoli, C., Sardocardalano, M., & Leoni, E. (2015). Effects of a school based intervention to promote healthy habits in children 8-11 years old, living in the lowland area of Bologna Local Health Unit. Annali di Igiene: Medicina Preventiva e di Comunità, 27, 432-446. http://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2015.2030 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| van Grieken, A., Renders, C. M., Veldhuis, L., Looman, C. W. N., Hirasing, R. A., & Raat, H. (2014). Promotion of a healthy lifestyle among 5-year-old overweight children: Health behavior outcomes of the ‘Be active, eat right’ study. BMC Public Health, 14, 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-59 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| van Nassau, F., Singh, A. S., Cerin, E., Salmon, J., van Mechelen, W., Brug, J., & Chinapaw, M. J. M. (2014). The Dutch Obesity Intervention in Teenagers (DOiT) cluster controlled implementation trial: intervention effects and mediators and moderators of adiposity and energy balance-related behaviours. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11, 158. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-014-0158-0 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Watts, A. W., Mason, S. M., Loth, K., Larson, N., & Newmark-Sztainer, D. (2016). Socioeconomic differences in overweight and weight-related behaviors across adolescence and young adulthood: 10-year longitudinal findings from Project EAT. Preventative Medicine, 87 (2016), 194-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.03.007 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Westerberg-Jacobson, J., Edlund, B., & Ghaderi, A. (2010). A 5-year longitudinal study of the relationship between the wish to be thinner, lifestyle behaviours and disturbed eating in 9-20-year old girls. European Eating Disorders Review, 18 (3), 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.983 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Wirt, T., Hundsdörfer, V., Schreiber, A., Kesztyüs, D., Steinacker, J. M., & The Komm mit in das gesunde Boot-Grundschule” - Research Group (2014). Associations between inhibitory control and body weight in German primary school children. Eating Behaviors, 15 (1), 9-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.10.015 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Yamada, M., Sekine, M., & Tatsuse, T. (2018). Parental internet use and lifestyle factors as correlates of prolonged screen time of children in Japan: Results from the Super Shokuiku School Project. Journal of Epidemiology, 28 (10), 407-413. https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20170100 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Yamaoka, K., Watanabe, M., Hida, E., & Tango, T. (2011). Impact of group-based dietary education on the dietary habits of female adolescents: A cluster randomized trial. Public Health Nutrition, 14 (4), 702-708. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010002405 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Alwattar, A. Y., Thyfault, J. P., & Leidy, H. J. (2015). The effect of breakfast type and frequency of consumption on glycemic response in overweight/obese late adolescent girls. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 69 (2015), 885-890. http://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2015.12 | Outcome |
| Bellisle, F., Rolland-Cachera, M. F., & Kellogg Scientific Advisory Committee (2007). Three consecutive (1993, 1995, 1997) surveys of food intake, nutritional attitudes and knowledge, and lifestyle in 1000 French children, aged 9-11 years. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 20 (3), 241-251. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2007.00789.x | Outcome |
| Crepinsek, M. K., Singh, A., Bernstein, L. S., & McLaughlin, J. E. (2006). Dietary effects of universal-free school breakfast: findings from the evaluation of the school breakfast program pilot project. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106 (11), 1796-1803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.08.013 | Outcome |
| Lipsky, L. M., Nansel, T. R., Haynie, D. L., Liu, D., Li, K., Pratt, C. A., Iannotti, R. J., & Dempster, K. W. (2017). Diet quality of US adolescents during the transition to adulthood: Changes and predictors. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 105 (6) 1424-1432. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.150029 | Outcome |
| Meijerink, F. J., van Vuuren, C. L., Wijnhoven, H. A, & van Eijsden, M. (2016). Seven-year time trends in energy balance-related behaviours according to educational level and ethnic background among 14-year-old adolescents. Public Health Nutrition, 19 (5), 777-787. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980015001743 | Outcome |
| Pedersen, T. P., Holstein, B. E., Flachs, E. M., & Rasmussen, M. (2013). Meal frequencies in early adolescence predict meal frequencies in late adolescence and early adulthood. BMC Public Health, 13, 445. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-445 | Outcome |
| Roßbach, S., Diederichs, T., Bolzenius, K., Herder, C., Buyken, A. E., & Alexy, U. (2017). Age and time trends in eating frequency and duration of nightly fasting of German children and adolescents. European Journal of Nutrition, 56 (8), 2507-2517. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1286-x | Outcome |
| Roßbach, S., Diederichs, T., Herder, C., Buyken, A. E., & Alexy, U. (2018). Time and age trends in morning and evening protein intakes of German children and adolescents. Journal of Nutritional Science, 7 (e9), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2018.1 | Outcome |
| Sevindi, T. (2012). The effects of nutrition habits of secondary school students on their educational status. Energy Education Science and Technology Part B-Social and Educational Studies, 4, 2119-2128. | Outcome |
| Zaqout, M., Vyncke, K., Moreno, L. A., De Miguel-Etayo, P., Lauria, F., Molnar, D., Lissner, L., Hunsberger, M., Veidebaum, T., Tornaritis, M., Reisch, L. A., Bammann, K., Sprengeler, O., Ahrens, W., & Michels, N. (2016). Determinant factors of physical fitness in European children. International Journal of Public Health, 61 (5), 573-582. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-016-0811-2 | Outcome |
| Hollar, D., Heitz, C., & Zhou, W. (2015). Abstract MP30: More young children in an obesity prevention intervention in MS and LA Head Start centers improve/maintain BMI percentile and waist circumference compared to nonparticipants. Circulation, 131 (Supplement 1). | Study design |
| Küpers, L. K., de Pijper, J. J., Sauer, P. J., Stolk, R. P., & Corpeleijn, E. (2014). Skipping breakfast and overweight in 2- and 5-year-old Dutch children-the GECKO Drenthe cohort. International Journal of Obesity (London), 38, 569-571. http://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2013.194 | Study design |
| Pbert, L., Druker, S., Barton, B., Schneider, K. L., Olendzki, B., Gapinski, M. A., Kurtz, S., & Stavroula, O. (2016). A school-based program for overweight and obese adolescents: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of School Health, 86 (10), 699-708. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12428 | Study design |
| Péneau, S., Thibault, H., Meless, D., Soulié, D., Carbonel, P., Roinsol, D., Longueville, E., Sérog, P., Deheeger, M., Bellisle, F., Maurice-Tison, S., & Rolland-Cachera, M. F. (2008). Anthropometric and behavioral patterns associated with weight maintenance after an obesity treatment in adolescents. Journal of Pediatrics, 152 (5), 678-684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.09.053 | Study design |
| Serrano, M, Campos, M, Escobar, Gome-Villalba F et al. (2016). Variations in the states of prediabetes in adolescents after a school programme for nutritional and behavioural intervention. Diabetologia,59.(supplement 1)S331-S332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-016-4046-9 | Study design |
| Albertson, A. M., Affenito, S. G., Bauserman, R., Holschuh, N. M., Eldridge, A. L., & Barton, B. A. (2009). The relationship of ready-to-eat cereal consumption to nutrient intake, blood lipids, and body mass index of children as they age through adolescence. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109 (9), 1557-1565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2009.06.363 | Study design |
| Alsharairi, N. A., & Somerset, S. M. (2016). Skipping breakfast in early childhood and its associations with maternal and child BMI: A study of 2-5-year-old Australian children. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70, 450-455. http://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2015.184 | Study design |
| Ask, A. S., Hernes, S., Aarek, I., Johannessen, G., & Haugen, M. (2006). Changes in dietary pattern in 15 year old adolescents following a 4 month dietary intervention with school breakfast - a pilot study. Nutrition Journal, 5, 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-5-33 | Study design |
| Baxter, S. D., Paxton-Aiken, A. E., Tebbs, J. M., Royer, J. A., Guinn, C. H., & Finney, C. J. (2012). Secondary analyses of data from 4 studies with fourth-grade children show that sex, race, amounts eaten of standardized portions, and energy content given in trades explain the positive relationship between body mass index and energy intake at school-provided meals. Nutrition Research, 32 (9), 659-668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2012.07.001 | Study design |
| Isoldi, K. K., Calderon, O., & Dolar, V. (2014). Cooking up energy: Response to a youth-focused afterschool cooking and nutrition education program. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 29 (2), 123-131. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TIN.0000445896.52276.0e | Study design |
| Jääskeläinen, A., Schwab, U., Kolehmainen, M., Pirkola, J., Järvelin, M.-R., & Laitinen, J. (2013). Associations of meal frequency and breakfast with obesity and metabolic syndrome traits in adolescents of Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 23, (10), 1002-1009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2012.07.006 | Study design |
| Kapantais, E., Chala, E., Kaklamanou, D., Lanaras L., Kaklamanou, M., & Tzotzas, T. (2010). Breakfast skipping and its relation to BMI and health-compromising behaviours among Greek adolescents. Public Health Nutrition, 14 (1), 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010000765 | Study design |
| O’Dea, J. A., & Wagstaff, S. (2011). Increased breakfast frequency and nutritional quality among schoolchildren after a national breakfast promotion campaign in Australia between 2000 and 2006. Health Education Research, 26 (6), 1086-1096. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyr042 | Study design |
| Park, E. H., Oh, M. S., Kim, S., Lee, J., & Kang, K. S. (2018). The analysis of factors causing the high prevalence of child obesity in Jeju Island. Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 21 (2), 127-133. https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2018.21.2.127 | Study design |
| Reeves, S., Huber, J. W., Halsey, L. G., Horabady-Farahani, Y., Ijadi, M., & Smith, T. (2014). Experimental manipulation of breakfast in normal and overweight/obese participants is associated with changes to nutrient and energy intake consumption patterns. Physiology & Behavior, 133, 130-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.05.015 | Study design |
| Trancoso, S. C., Cavalli, S. B., & Proença, R. P. D. (2010). Breakfast: characterization, consumption and importance for health. Revista De Nutricao-Brazilian Journal of Nutrition, 23 (5), 859-869. http://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-52732010000500016 | Study design |
| Vericker, T. C. (2014). Children’s school-related food and physical activity behaviors are associated with body mass index. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 114 (2), 250-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2013.07.046 | Study design |
| Zurriaga, O., Perez-Panades, J., Izquierdo, J. Q., Costa, M. G., Anes, Y., Quiñones, C., Margolles, M., Lopez-Maside, A., Vega-Alonso, A. T., Espí, M. T. M., & Recent OBICE Research Group. (2011). Factors associated with childhood obesity in Spain. The OBICE study: A case-control study based on sentinel networks. Public Health Nutrition, 14 (6), 1105-1113. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010003770 | Study design |
Table A2 3Articles excluded during full-text screening of the initial literature search for Key Question 1c: What is the relationship between eating breakfast and health?
| Article | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Albertson, A. M., Affenito, S. G., Bauserman, R., Holschuh, N. M., Eldridge, A. L., & Barton, B. A. (2009). The relationship of ready-to-eat cereal consumption to nutrient intake, blood lipids, and body mass index of children as they age through adolescence. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109(9), 1557-1565. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2009.06.363 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Bonnet, F., Lepicard, E. M., Cathrin, L., Letellier, C., Constant, F., Hawili, N., & Friedlander, G. (2012). French children start their school day with a hydration deficit. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 60(4), 257-263. http://doi.org/10.1159/000337939 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Miller, D. P., Waldfogel, J., & Han, W. J. (2012). Family meals and child academic and behavioral outcomes. Child Development, 83(6), 2104-2120. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01825.x | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Simetin, I. P., Kuzman, M., Franelic, I. P., Pristas, I., Benjak, T., & Dezeljin, J. D. (2011). Inequalities in Croatian pupils’ unhealthy behaviours and health outcomes: role of school, peers and family affluence. European Journal of Public Health, 21(1), 122-128. http://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckq002 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Stookey, J. D., Brass, B., Holliday, A., & Arieff, A. (2012). What is the cell hydration status of healthy children in the USA? Preliminary data on urine osmolality and water intake. Public Health Nutrition, 15(11), 2148-2156. http://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011003648 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Cordero, M. J. A., Jimenez, E. G., Perona, J. S., Lopez, C. A. P., Ferre, J. A., Villar, N. M., & Garcia, F. R. (2010). The Guadix Study of the effects of a Mediterranean-diet breakfast on the postprandial lipid parameters of overweight and obese pre-adolescents. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 25(6), 1025-1033. PMID: 21519776 | Publication language |
| Park, E. (2008). The influencing factors on suicide attempt among adolescents in South Korea. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 38(3), 465-473. http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.3.465 | Publication language |
| Perez-Lancho, C., Ruiz-Prieto, I., Bolanos-Rios, P., & Jauregui-Lobera, I. (2013). Salivary cortisol as a measure of stress during a nutrition education program in adolescents. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 28(1), 211-216. http://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2013.28.1.6261 | Publication language |
| Quintero-Gutierrez, A. G., Gonzalez-Rosendo, G., Rodriguez-Murguia, N. A., Reyes-Navarrete, G. E., Puga-Diaz, R., & Villanueva-Sanchez, J. (2014). Skipping breakfast, nutritional state, and food habits of children and adolescents in public schools of Morelos, Mexico. CyTa-Journal of Food, 12(3), 256-262. http://doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2013.839006 | Publication language |
| Traub, M., Steinacker, J. M., Kesztyus, D., & Arbeitsgrp Komm Gesunde, Boot (2017). Avoiding breakfast for the primary school children cofactors as an important basis for targeted prevention measures. Ernahrungs Umschau, 64(9), M494. http://doi.org/10.4455/eu.2017.035 | Publication language |
| Eleftheriadou, M., Stefanidis, K., Lykeridou, K., Iliadis, I., & Michala, L. (2015). Dietary habits in adolescent girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Gynecological Endocrinology, 31(4), 269-271. http://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2014.984677 | Outcome |
| Holmberg, L. I.,& Hellberg, D. (2008). Behavioral and other characteristics of relevance for health in adolescents with self-perceived sleeping problems. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 20(3), 353-365. https://doi.org/10.1515/IJAMH.2008.20.3.353 | Outcome |
| Iovino, I., Stuff, J., Liu, Y., Brewton, C., Dovi, A., Kleinman, R., & Nicklas, T. (2016). Breakfast consumption has no effect on neuropsychological functioning in children: a repeated-measures clinical trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 104(3), 715-721. http://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.132043 | Outcome |
| Kelly, Y., Patalay, P., Montgomery, S., & Sacker, A. (2016). BMI development and early adolescent psychosocial well-being: UK Millennium Cohort Study. Pediatrics, 138(6), e20160967. http://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-0967 | Outcome |
| Olafsdottir, A. S., Torfadottir, J. E., & Arngrimsson, S. A. (2016). Health behavior and metabolic risk factors associated with normal weight obesity in adolescents. PLoS One, 11(8), e0161451. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161451 | Outcome |
| Overby, N. C., Margeirsdottir, H. D., Brunborg, C., Dahl-Jorgensen, K., & Andersen, L. F. (2008). Sweets, snacking habits, and skipping meals in children and adolescents on intensive insulin treatment. Pediatric Diabetes, 9(4 Pt 2), 393-400. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2008.00381.x | Outcome |
| Vierola, A., Suominen, A. L., Eloranta, A. M., Lintu, N., Ikavalko, T., Narhi, M., & Lakka, T. A. (2017). Determinants for craniofacial pains in children 6-8 years of age: The PANIC study. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 75(6), 453-460. http://doi.org/10.1080/00016357.2017.1339908 | Outcome |
| Vondrova, D., Kapsdorfer, D., Argalasova, L., Hirosova, K., Samohyl, M., & Sevcikova, L. (2017). The impact of selected environmental, behavioral and psychosocial factors on schoolchildren’s somatic and mental health. Reviews on Environmental Health, 32(1-2), 189-192. http://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2016-0034 | Outcome |
| Benton, D., & Brock, H. (2010). Mood and the macro-nutrient composition of breakfast and the mid-day meal. Appetite, 55(3), 436-440. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2010.08.001 | Participant characteristics |
| Bougard, C., Moussay, S., Gauthier, A., Espie, S., & Davenne, D. (2009). Effects of waking time and breakfast intake prior to evaluation of psychomotor performance in the early morning. Chronobiology International, 26(2), 324-336. http://doi.org/10.1080/07420520902774540 | Participant characteristics |
| Brown, D., & Wyon, M. (2014). The effect of moderate glycemic energy bar consumption on blood glucose and mood in dancers. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 29(1), 27-31. https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2014.1007 | Participant characteristics |
| Fernandez-Aranda, F., Krug, I., Granero, R., Ramon, J. M., Badia, A., Gimenez, L., Solano, R., Collier, D., Karwautz, A., & Treasure, J. (2007). Individual and family eating patterns during childhood and early adolescence: An analysis of associated eating disorder factors. Appetite, 49(2), 476-485. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.03.004 | Participant characteristics |
| Geliebter, A., Grillot, C. L., Aviram-Friedman, R., Haq, S., Yahav, E., & Hashim, S. A. (2015). Effects of oatmeal and corn flakes cereal breakfasts on satiety, gastric emptying, glucose, and appetite-related hormones. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 66(2-3), 93-103. http://doi.org/10.1159/000365933 | Participant characteristics |
| Ishimoto, Y., Yoshida, M., Nagata, K., Yamada, H., Hashizume, H., & Yoshimura, N. (2013). Consuming breakfast and exercising longer during high school increases bone mineral density in young adult men. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, 31(3), 329-336. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-012-0415-8 | Participant characteristics |
| Jin, Y., He, L., Kang, Y., Chen, Y., Lu, W., Ren, X., Song, X., Wang, L., Nie, Z., Guo, D., & Yao, Y. (2014). Prevalence and risk factors of anxiety status among students aged 13-26 years. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 7(11), 4420-4426. PMID: 25550963 | Participant characteristics |
| Odegaard, A. O., Jacobs, D. R., Jr., Steffen, L. M., Van Horn, L., Ludwig, D. S., & Pereira, M. A. (2013). Breakfast frequency and development of metabolic risk. Diabetes Care, 36(10), 3100-3106. http://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-0316 | Participant characteristics |
| Smith, Andrew P. (2011). Breakfast cereal, digestive problems and well-being. Stress & Health, 27(5), 388-394. http://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1390 | Participant characteristics |
| Brindal, E., Hendrie, G., Noakes, M., Celander, M., & Brinkworth, G. (2011). A randomised controlled trial to compare the effect of breakfast cereals differing in fibre content on short-term appetite and mood in 8-12 year old children. Australasian Medical Journal, 4(12), 706. | Publication status |
| Ruxton, C. (2011). Breakfast clubs: The nutritional, social and health benefits. Nursing in Practice: The Journal for Today’s Primary Care Nurse(60), 5p-5p. | Publication status |
| Afifi, M. (2006). Positive health practices and depressive symptoms among high school adolescents in Oman. Singapore Medical Journal, 47(11), 960-966. PMID: 17075664 | Study design |
| Agostini, A., Hawkes, A., Lewkowicz, A., Lushington, K., & Dorrian, J. (2017). Are sleep, bullying, and breakfast and junk food consumption related to anxiety, sadness and health in late childhood and adolescence? Sleep Medicine, 40 (Supplement 1), e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.010 | Study design |
| Ahadi, Z., Kelishadi, R., Qorbani, M., Zahedi, H., Aram, M., Motlagh, M. E., Ardalan, G., Shafiee, G., Arzaghi, S. M., Asayesh, H., & Heshmat, R. (2016). Association of breakfast intake with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in Iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN- IV study. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 83(9), 922-929. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2049-7 | Study design |
| Ahadi, Z., Qorbani, M., Kelishadi, R., Ardalan, G., Motlagh, M. E., Asayesh, H., Zeynali, M., Chinian, M., Larijani, B., Shafiee, G., & Heshmat, R. (2015). Association between breakfast intake with anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and food consumption behaviors among Iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-IV study. Public Health, 129(6), 740-747. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2015.03.019 | Study design |
| ALBashtawy, M. (2015). Exploring the reasons why school students eat or skip breakfast. Nursing Children & Young People, 27(6), 16-22. http://doi.org/10.7748/ncyp.27.6.16.e622 | Study design |
| Alexander, K. E., Ventura, E. E., Spruijt-Metz, D., Weigensberg, M. J., Goran, M. I., & Davis, J. N. (2009). Association of breakfast skipping with visceral fat and insulin indices in overweight Latino youth. Obesity (Silver Spring), 17(8), 1528-1533. http://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2009.127 | Study design |
| Ansari, H., Kelishadi, R., Qorbani, M., Mansourian, M., Ahadi, Z., Motlagh, M. E., Ardalan, G., Safiri, S., Asayesh, H., Mohammadi, R., & Heshmat, R. (2016). Is meal frequency associated with mental distress and violent behaviors in children and adolescents? The CASPIAN IV study. International Journal of Pediatrics-Mashhad, 4(7), 2247-2255. https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.7177 | Study design |
| Arat, G. (2015). Emerging protective and risk factors of mental health in Asian American students: findings from the 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 10(3), 192-205. http://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2015.1045437 | Study design |
| Arbour-Nicitopoulos, K. P., Faulkner, G. E., & Irving, H. M. (2012). Multiple health-risk behaviour and psychological distress in adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 21(3), 171-178. PMID: 22876262 | Study design |
| Barba, G., Troiano, E., Russo, P., Siani, A., & ARCA Project Study Group (2006). Total fat, fat distribution and blood pressure according to eating frequency in children living in southern Italy: The ARCA Project. International Journal of Obesity, 30(7), 1166-1169. http://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803257 | Study design |
| Bel-Serrat, S., Mouratidou, T., Bornhorst, C., Peplies, J., De Henauw, S., Marild, S., Molnar, D., Siani, A., Tornaritis, M., Veidebaum, T., Krogh, V., & Moreno, L. A. (2013). Food consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in European children: The IDEFICS Study. Pediatric Obesity, 8(3), 225-236. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00107.x | Study design |
| Blank, M., Zhang, J., Lamers, F., Taylor, A. D., Hickie, I. B., & Merikangas, K. R. (2015). Health correlates of insomnia symptoms and comorbid mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents. Sleep, 38(2), 197-204. http://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.4396 | Study design |
| Bolton, K. A., Jacka, F., Allender, S., Kremer, P., Gibbs, L., Waters, E., & de Silva, A. (2016). The association between self-reported diet quality and health-related quality of life in rural and urban Australian adolescents. Australian Journal of Rural Health, 24(5), 317-325. http://doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12275 | Study design |
| Campos Pastor, M. M., Serrano Pardo, M. D., Fernandez Soto, M. L., Luna Del Castillo, J. D., & Escobar-Jimenez, F. (2012). Impact of a ‘school-based’ nutrition intervention on anthropometric parameters and the metabolic syndrome in Spanish adolescents. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 61(4), 281-288. http://doi.org/10.1159/000341495 | Study design |
| Cayres, S. U., Junior, I. F., Barbosa, M. F., Christofaro, D. G., & Fernandes, R. A. (2016). Breakfast frequency, adiposity, and cardiovascular risk factors as markers in adolescents. Cardiology in the Young, 26(2), 244-249. http://doi.org/10.1017/s1047951115000050 | Study design |
| Chen, X., Sekine, M., Hamanishi, S., Wang, H., Gaina, A., Yamagami, T., & Kagamimori, S. (2005). Lifestyles and health-related quality of life in Japanese school children: a cross-sectional study. Preventative Medicine, 40(6), 668-678. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.034 | Study design |
| Cuenca-Garcia, M., Ruiz, J. R., Ortega, F. B., Labayen, I., Gonzalez-Gross, M., Moreno, L. A., Gomez-Martinez, S., Ciarapica, D., Hallstrom, L., Wastlund, A., Molnar, D., Gottrand, F., Manios, Y., Widhalm, K., Kafatos, A., De Henauw, S., Sjostrom, M., & Castillo, M. J. (2014). Association of breakfast consumption with objectively measured and self-reported physical activity, sedentary time and physical fitness in European adolescents: The HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study. Public Health Nutrition, 17(10), 2226-2236. http://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980013002437 | Study design |
| Donin, A. S., Nightingale, C. M., Owen, C. G., Rudnicka, A. R., Perkin, M. R., Jebb, S. A., Stephen, A. M., Sattar, N., Cook, D. G., & Whincup, P. H. (2014). Regular breakfast consumption and type 2 diabetes risk markers in 9- to 10-year-old children in the child heart and health study in England (CHASE): A cross-sectional analysis. PLoS Med, 11(9), e1001703. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001703 | Study design |
| Farajian, P., Panagiotakos, D. B., Risvas, G., Micha, R., Tsioufis, C., & Zampelas, A. (2015). Dietary and lifestyle patterns in relation to high blood pressure in children: The GRECO study. Journal of Hypertension, 33(6), 1174-1181. http://doi.org/10.1097/hjh.0000000000000536 | Study design |
| Freitas Junior, I. F., Christofaro, D. G., Codogno, J. S., Monteiro, P. A., Silveira, L. S., & Fernandes, R. A. (2012). The association between skipping breakfast and biochemical variables in sedentary obese children and adolescents. Journal of Pediatrics, 161(5), 871-874. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.04.055 | Study design |
| Gates, G., & Perera, T. (2013). Association between breakfast consumption and nutritional status in 9 to 13 year old children. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior, 45(4S), S31-S31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2013.04.084 | Study design |
| Gilardini, L., Croci, M., Pasqualinotto, L., Caffetto, K., & Invitti, C. (2015). Dietary habits and cardiometabolic health in obese children. Obesity Facts, 8(2), 101-109. http://doi.org/10.1159/000381157 | Study design |
| Guo, X., Zhang, X., Li, Y., Zhou, X., Yang, H., Ma, H., Wang, N., Liu, J., Zheng, L., & Sun, Y. (2012). Differences in healthy lifestyles between prehypertensive and normotensive children and adolescents in Northern China. Pediatric Cardiology, 33(2), 222-228. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-011-0112-8 | Study design |
| Hallstrom, L., Labayen, I., Ruiz, J. R., Patterson, E., Vereecken, C. A., Breidenassel, C., Gottrand, F., Huybrechts, I., Manios, Y., Mistura, L., Widhalm, K., Kondaki, K., Moreno, L. A., Sjostrom, M. (2013). Breakfast consumption and CVD risk factors in European adolescents: The HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study. Public Health Nutrition, 16(7), 1296-1305. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980012000973 | Study design |
| Hirschler, V., Maccallini, G., Aranda, C., & Molinari, C. (2012). Lifestyle behaviors and dyslipidemia in Argentinean native versus urban children. Clinical Biochemistry, 45(15), 1161-1166. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.04.020 | Study design |
| Ho, C. Y., Huang, Y. C., Lo, Y. T., Wahlqvist, M. L., & Lee, M. S. (2015). Breakfast is associated with the metabolic syndrome and school performance among Taiwanese children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 43-44, 179-188. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2015.07.003 | Study design |
| Hong, S. A., & Peltzer, K. (2017). Dietary behaviour, psychological well-being and mental distress among adolescents in Korea. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 11, 56. http://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0194-z | Study design |
| Huang, C. J., Hu, H. T., Fan, Y. C., Liao, Y. M., & Tsai, P. S. (2010). Associations of breakfast skipping with obesity and health-related quality of life: evidence from a national survey in Taiwan. International Journal of Obesity (London), 34(4), 720-725. http://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.285 | Study design |
| Itani, O., Kaneita, Y., Munezawa, T., Ikeda, M., Osaki, Y., Higuchi, S., Kanda, H., Nakagome, S., Suzuki, K., & Ohida, T. (2016). Anger and impulsivity among Japanese adolescents: A nationwide representative survey. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 77(7), e860-e866. http://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.15m10044 | Study design |
| Jaaskelainen, A., Schwab, U., Kolehmainen, M., Pirkola, J., Jarvelin, M. R., & Laitinen, J. (2013). Associations of meal frequency and breakfast with obesity and metabolic syndrome traits in adolescents of Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 23(10), 1002-1009. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2012.07.006 | Study design |
| Kennedy, S., Ryan, L., & Clegg, M. E. (2016). The effect of a breakfast containing multiple functional ingredients on glucose response, insulin response and cognitive performance in adolescents. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 75(OCE3), 1. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665116002196 | Study design |
| Kim, S. H., Song, Y. H., Park, S., & Park, M. J. (2016). Impact of lifestyle factors on trends in lipid profiles among Korean adolescents: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys study, 1998 and 2010. Korean Journal of Pediatrics, 59(2), 65-73. http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2016.59.2.65 | Study design |
| Kollias, A., Antonodimitrakis, P., Grammatikos, E., Chatziantonakis, N., Grammatikos, E. E., & Stergiou, G. S. (2009). Trends in high blood pressure prevalence in Greek adolescents. Journal of Human Hypertension, 23(6), 385-390. http://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2008.166 | Study design |
| Kye, S. Y., Kwon, J. H., & Park, K. (2016). Happiness and health behaviors in South Korean adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Epidemiology & Health, 38, e2016022. http://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016022 | Study design |
| Lazzeri, G., Azzolini, E., Pammolli, A., Simi, R., Meoni, V., & Giacchi, M. V. (2014). Factors associated with unhealthy behaviours and health outcomes: A cross-sectional study among Tuscan adolescents (Italy). International Journal for Equity in Health, 13(1), 83. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-014-0083-5 | Study design |
| Lee, G., Han, K., & Kim, H. (2017). Risk of mental health problems in adolescents skipping meals: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2012. Nursing Outlook, 65(4), 411-419. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2017.01.007 | Study design |
| Lepkowska, D. (2015). The importance of a healthy breakfast to start the school day. British Journal of School Nursing, 10(4), 171-174. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjsn.2015.10.4.171 | Study design |
| Li, W., Sekine, M., Yamada, M., Fujimura, Y., & Tatsuse, T. (2018). Lifestyle and overall health in high school children: Results from the Toyama birth cohort study, Japan Pediatrics International, 60(5), 467-473. http://doi.org/10.1111/ped.13548 | Study design |
| Lien, L. (2007). Is breakfast consumption related to mental distress and academic performance in adolescents? Public Health Nutrition, 10(4), 422-428. http://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007258550 | Study design |
| Marlatt, K. L., Farbakhsh, K., Dengel, D. R., & Lytle, L. A. (2016). Breakfast and fast food consumption are associated with selected biomarkers in adolescents. Preventive Medicine Reports, 3, 49-52. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.014 | Study design |
| Mielgo-Ayuso, J., Valtuena, J., Cuenca-Garcia, M., Gottrand, F., Breidenassel, C., Ferrari, M., Manios, Y., De Henauw, S., Widhalm, K., Kafatos, A., Kersting, M., Huybrechts, I., Moreno, L. A., & Gonzalez-Gross, M. (2017). Regular breakfast consumption is associated with higher blood vitamin status in adolescents: The HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study. Public Health Nutrition, 20(8), 1393-1404. http://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016003645 | Study design |
| Monzani, A., Rapa, A., Fuiano, N., Diddi, G., Prodam, F., Bellone, S., & Bona, G. (2014). Metabolic syndrome is strictly associated with parental obesity beginning from childhood. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 81(1), 45-51. http://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12261 | Study design |
| Moreno, C., Garcia-Moya, I., Rivera, F., & Ramos, P. (2016). Characterization of vulnerable and resilient Spanish adolescents in their developmental contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 983. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00983 | Study design |
| Morioka, H., Itani, O., Kaneita, Y., Iwasa, H., Ikeda, M., Yamamoto, R., Osaki, Y., Kanda, H., Nakagome, S., & Ohida, T. (2014). Factors affecting unhappiness at school among Japanese adolescents: An epidemiological study. PLoS One, 9(11), e111844. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111844 | Study design |
| Moschiano, F., Messina, P., D’Amico, D., Grazzi, L., Frediani, F., Casucci, G., d’Onofrio, F., Demurtas, A., Beghi, E., & Bussone, G. (2012). Headache, eating and sleeping behaviors and lifestyle factors in preadolescents and adolescents: Preliminary results from an Italian population study. Neurological Sciences, 33 (Supplement 1), S87-S90. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-012-1048-3 | Study design |
| Oak, J. W., & Lee, H. S. (2012). Prevalence rate and factors associated with atopic dermatitis among Korean middle school students. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 42(7), 992-1000. http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.7.992 | Study design |
| Olson, M. L., Maalouf, N. M., Oden, J. D., White, P. C., & Hutchison, M. R. (2012). Vitamin D deficiency in obese children and its relationship to glucose homeostasis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 97(1), 279-285. http://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1507 | Study design |
| Osawa, H., Sugihara, N., Ukiya, T., Ishizuka, Y., Birkhed, D., Hasegawa, M., & Matsukubo, T. (2015). Metabolic syndrome, lifestyle, and dental caries in Japanese school children. The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College, 56(4), 233-241. http://doi.org/10.2209/tdcpublication.56.233 | Study design |
| Osera, T., Awai, M., Kobayashi, M., Tsutie, S., & Kurihara, N. (2017). Relationship between self-rated health and lifestyle and food habits in Japanese high school students. Behavioral Sciences, 7(4), 71-80. http://doi.org/10.3390/bs7040071 | Study design |
| O’Sullivan, T. A., Robinson, M., Kendall, G. E., Miller, M., Jacoby, P., Silburn, S. R., & Oddy, W. H. (2009). A good-quality breakfast is associated with better mental health in adolescence. Public Health Nutrition, 12(2), 249-258. http://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008003935 | Study design |
| Overby, N. C., Margeirsdottir, H. D., Brunborg, C., Andersen, L. F., & Dahl-Jorgensen, K. (2007). The influence of dietary intake and meal pattern on blood glucose control in children and adolescents using intensive insulin treatment. Diabetologia, 50(10), 2044-2051. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-007-0775-0 | Study design |
| Overby, N., & Hoigaard, R. (2012). Diet and behavioral problems at school in Norwegian adolescents. Food & Nutrition Research, 56, 17231. http://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v56i0.17231 | Study design |
| Page, R. M., Simonek, J., Ihasz, F., Hantiu, I., Uvacsek, M., Kalabiska, I., & Klarova, R. (2009). Self-rated health, psychosocial functioning, and other dimensions of adolescent health in Central and Eastern European adolescents. European Journal of Psychiatry, 23(2), 101-114. https://doi.org/10.4321/S0213-61632009000200004 | Study design |
| Page, R. M., & Suwanteerangkul, J. (2009). Self-rated health, psychosocial functioning, and health-related behavior among Thai adolescents. Pediatrics International, 51(1), 120-125. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200X.2008.02660.x | Study design |
| Papoutsou, S., Briassoulis, G., Hadjigeorgiou, C., Savva, S. C., Solea, T., Hebestreit, A., Pala, V., Sieri, S., Kourides, Y., Kafatos, A., & Tornaritis, M. (2014). The combination of daily breakfast consumption and optimal breakfast choices in childhood is an important public health message. International Journal of Food Science & Nutrition, 65(3), 273-279. http://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2013.854750 | Study design |
| Papoutsou, S., Briassoulis, G., Wolters, M., Peplies, J., Iacoviello, L., Eiben, G., Veidebaum, T., Molnar, D., Russo, P., Michels, N., Moreno, L. A., & Tornaritis, M. (2014). No breakfast at home: Association with cardiovascular disease risk factors in childhood. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 68(7), 829-834. http://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2014.88 | Study design |
| Pasic, M. D., Colantonio, D. A., Chan, M. K., Venner, A. A., Brinc, D., & Adeli, K. (2012). Influence of fasting and sample collection time on 38 biochemical markers in healthy children: A CALIPER substudy. Clinical Biochemistry, 45(15), 1125-1130. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.089 | Study design |
| Richards, G., & Smith, A. P. (2016). Breakfast and energy drink consumption in secondary school children: Breakfast omission, in isolation or in combination with frequent energy drink use, is associated with stress, anxiety, and depression cross-sectionally, but not at 6-month follow-up. Frontiers in Psychology, 7 (106). http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00106 | Study design |
| Richter, M., Erhart, M., Vereecken, C. A., Zambon, A., Boyce, W., & Nic Gabhainn, S. (2009). The role of behavioural factors in explaining socio-economic differences in adolescent health: A multilevel study in 33 countries. Social Science & Medicine, 69(3), 396-403. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.05.023 | Study design |
| Sakaguchi, K., Yagi, T., Maeda, A., Nagayama, K., Uehara, S., Saito-Sakoguchi, Y., Kanematsu, K., & Miyawaki, S. (2014). Association of problem behavior with sleep problems and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. Pediatrics International, 56(1), 24-30. http://doi.org/10.1111/ped.12201 | Study design |
| Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Hamilton, H. A. (2017). Eating breakfast regularly is related to higher school connectedness and academic performance in Canadian middle- and high-school students. Public Health, 145, 120-123. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2016.12.027 | Study design |
| Sandercock, G. R. H., Cramer, F., & Voss, C. (2010). Associations between school-day breakfast consumption, BMI, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in English schoolchildren. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 69(OCE1), E55. http://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665109992436 | Study design |
| Sandercock, G. R., Voss, C., & Dye, L. (2010). Associations between habitual school-day breakfast consumption, body mass index, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in English schoolchildren. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 64(10), 1086-1092. http://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2010.145 | Study design |
| Schenker, S. (2008). Eating breakfast is cereally good for your health. Nursing in Practice (43), 64-67. Retrieved at: https://www | Study design |
| Shafiee, G., Kelishadi, R., Qorbani, M., Motlagh, M. E., Taheri, M., Ardalan, G., Taslimi, M., Poursafa, P., Heshmat, R., & Larijani, B. (2013). Association of breakfast intake with cardiometabolic risk factors. Jornal de Pediatria, 89(6), 575-582. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2013.03.020 | Study design |
| Tajik, E., Latiffah, A. L., Awang, H., Siti Nur’Asyura, A., Chin, Y. S., Azrin Shah, A. B., Patricia Koh, C. H., & Mohd Izudin Hariz, C. G. (2016). Unhealthy diet practice and symptoms of stress and depression among adolescents in Pasir Gudang, Malaysia. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 10(2), 114-123. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2015.06.001 | Study design |
| Takasaki, Y. (2005). Serum lipid levels and factors affecting atherogenic index in Japanese children. Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science, 24(4), 511-515. http://doi.org/10.2114/jpa.24.511 | Study design |
| Tanihata, T., Kanda, H., Osaki, Y., Ohida, T., Minowa, M., Wada, K., Suzuki, K., & Hayashi, K. (2015). Unhealthy lifestyle, poor mental health, and its correlation among adolescents: A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 27(2), NP1557-NP1565. http://doi.org/10.1177/1010539512452753 | Study design |
| Thivel, D., Aucouturier, J., Isacco, L., Lazaar, N., Ratel, S., Dore, E., Meyer, M., & Duche, P. (2013). Are eating habits associated with physical fitness in primary school children? Eating Behaviors, 14(1), 83-86. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2012.11.002 | Study design |
| Torres-Ferrus, M., Vila-Sala, C., Quintana, M., Ajanovic, S., Gallardo, V. J., Gomez, J. B., Alvarez-Sabin, J., Macaya, A., & Pozo-Rosich, P. (2018). Headache, comorbidities and lifestyle in an adolescent population (The TEENs Study). Cephalalgia, 39(1), 91-99. http://doi.org/10.1177/0333102418777509 | Study design |
| Walter, S. (2014). Lifestyle behaviors and illness-related factors as predictors of recurrent headache in U.S. adolescents. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 46(6), 337-350. http://doi.org/10.1097/jnn.0000000000000095 | Study design |
| Walther, J., Aldrian, U., Stuger, H. P., Kiefer, I., & Ekmekcioglu, C. (2014). Nutrition, lifestyle factors, and mental health in adolescents and young adults living in Austria. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine & Health, 26(3), 377-386. http://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2013-0310 | Study design |
| Wisting, L., Reas, D. L., Bang, L., Skrivarhaug, T., Dahl-Jorgensen, K., & Ro, O. (2017). Eating patterns in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Associations with metabolic control, insulin omission, and eating disorder pathology. Appetite, 114, 226-231. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.035 | Study design |
| Yoshinaga, M., Hatake, S., Tachikawa, T., Shinomiya, M., Miyazaki, A., & Takahashi, H. (2011). Impact of lifestyles of adolescents and their parents on cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 18(11), 981-990. https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.9514 | Study design |
| Zhang, F., Zhao, L., Feng, X., & Hu, X. (2016). An investigation on self-rated health of adolescent students and influencing factors from Sichuan, China. American Journal of Therapeutics, 23(5), e1143-e1150. http://doi.org/10.1097/mjt.0000000000000425 | Study design |
Table A2 4Articles excluded during full-text screening of the initial literature search for Key Question 2: What best practices exist in the U.S. School Breakfast Program, including models of student costs and breakfast delivery?
| Article | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Morris, C. T., Courtney, A., Bryant, C. A., McDermott, R. J. (2010). Grab N’ Go breakfast at school: Observations from a pilot program. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 42(3), 208-209. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2009.10.003 | Study design |
| Ask, A. S., Hernes, S., Aarek, I., Johannessen, G., & Haugen, M. (2006). Changes in dietary pattern in 15 year old adolescents following a 4 month dietary intervention with school breakfast - A pilot study. Nutrition Journal, 5(33). https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-5-33 | Study setting |
| Ask, A. S., Hernes, S., Aarek, I., Vik, F., Brodahl, C., & Haugen, M. (2010). Serving of free school lunch to secondary-school pupils - A pilot study with health implications. Public Health Nutrition, 13(2): 238-244. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980009990772 | Study setting |
| Briggs, L., & Menger, B. (2011). Improving nutrition at breakfast and after school clubs. Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 24(4): 379-379. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01177_6.x | Study setting |
| Defeyter, M. A., Graham, P. L., & Russo, R. (2015). More than just a meal: Breakfast club attendance and children’s social relationships. Frontiers in Public Health, 3(183). http://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2015.00183 | Study setting |
| Mhurchu, C. N., Turley, M., Gorton, D., Jiang, Y., Michie, J. Maddison, R., & Hattie, J. (2010). Effects of a free school breakfast programme on school attendance, achievement, psychosocial function, and nutrition: A stepped wedge cluster randomised trial. BMC Public Health, 10, 738. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-738 | Study setting |
| Muthayya, S., Thomas, T., Srinivasan, K., Rao K., Kurpad, A. V., van Klinken, J. W., Owen, G., & de Bruin, E. A. (2007). Consumption of a mid-morning snack improves memory but not attention in school children. Physiology & Behavior, 90(1), 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.09.025 | Study setting |
| Watanabe, J., Watanabe, M., Koga, M., Yamaoka, K., Yokotsuka, M., Adachi, M., Hashimoto, Y., & Tango, T. (2013). Effects of dietary lifestyle education program for adolescents in middle schools: Study design of a cluster randomized controlled trial. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 63, 726-727. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165285 | Study setting |
| Askelson, N. M., Golembiewski, E. H., Ghattas, A., Williams, S., Delger, P. J., & Scheidel, C. A. (2017). Exploring the parents’ attitudes and perceptions about school breakfast to understand why participation is low in a rural midwest state. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 49(2), 107-116.e1. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2016.10.011 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Au, L. E., Gurzo, K., Gosliner, W., Webb, K. L., Crawford, P. B., & Ritchie, L. D. (2018). Eating school meals daily is associated with healthier dietary intakes: The Healthy Communities Study. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 118(8), 1474-1481.e1. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2018.01.010 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Bartfeld, J. S., & Ahn, H. M. (2011). The School Breakfast Program strengthens household food security among low-income households with elementary school children. Journal of Nutrition, 141(3), 470-475. http://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.130823 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Bartfeld, J. S., & Ryu, J. H. (2011). The School Breakfast Program and breakfast-skipping among Wisconsin elementary school children. Social Service Review, 85(4), 619-634. https://doi.org/10.1086/663635 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Baxter, S. D., Paxton-Aiken, A. E., Tebbs, J. M., Royer, J. A., Guinn, C. H., & Finney, C. J. (2012). Secondary analyses of data from 4 studies with fourth-grade children show that sex, race, amounts eaten of standardized portions, and energy content given in trades explain the positive relationship between body mass index and energy intake at school-provided meals. Nutrition Research, 32(9), 659-668. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2012.07.001 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Baxter, S. D., Royer, J. A., Hardin, J. W., Guinn, C. H., & Smith, A. F. (2007). Fourth-grade children are less accurate in reporting school breakfast than school lunch during 24-hour dietary recalls. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 39(3), 126-133. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2006.12.014 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Bhattacharya, J., Currie, J., & Haider, S. J. (2006). Breakfast of champions? The school breakfast program and the nutrition of children and families. Journal of Human Resources, 41(3), 445-466. http://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.XLI.3.445 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Bruening, M., Larson, N., Story, M., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & Hannan, P. (2011). Predictors of adolescent breakfast consumption: Longitudinal findings from Project EAT. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 43(5), 390-395. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2011.02.016 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Centeio, E. E., Somers, C. L., Moore, E. W. G., Kulik, N., Garn, A., Martin, J., McCaughtry, N. (2018). Relationship between academic achievement and healthy school transformations in urban elementary schools in the United States. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 23(4), 402-417. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2018.1441395 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Clark, M. A., & Fox, M. K. (2009). Nutritional quality of the diets of US public school children and the role of the school meal programs. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109 (2 Supplement), S44-S56. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.10.060 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Condon, E. M., Crepinsek, M. K., & Fox, M. K. (2009). School meals: types of foods offered to and consumed by children at lunch and breakfast. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109 (2 Supplement), S67-S78. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.10.062 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Crawford, P. B., Woodward-Lopez, G., Gosliner, W., & Webb, K. (2013). Lessons of Fresh Start can guide schools seeking to boost student fruit consumption. California Agriculture, 67(1) 21-29. https://doi.org/10.3733/ca.v067n01p21 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Cullen, K. W., & Chen, T. A. (2016). The contribution of the USDA school breakfast and lunch program meals to student daily dietary intake. Preventive Medicine Reports, 5, 82-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.11.016 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Dave, J. M., Chen, T. A., Oceguera, A., M., Cullen, K. W., & Thompson, D. I. (2015). Outcome evaluation of a pilot study using nudges. International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition, 4(1), 33-39. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4247.2015.04.01.3 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Dykstra, H., Davey, A., Fisher, J. O., Polonsky, H., Sherman, S., Abel, M. L., Dale, L. C., Foster, G. D., & Bauer, K. W. (2016). Breakfast-skipping and selecting low-nutritional-quality foods for breakfast are common among low-income urban children, regardless of food security status. Journal of Nutrition, 146(3), 630-636. http://doi.org/10.3945/jn.115.225516 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Fletcher, J. M., & Frisvold, D. E. (2017). The relationship between the School Breakfast Program and food insecurity. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 51(), 481-500. https://doi.org/10.1111/joca.12163 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Frisvold, D. E. (2015). Nutrition and cognitive achievement: An evaluation of the school breakfast program. Journal of Public Economics, 124, 91-104. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.12.003 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Gu, X., & Tucker, K. L. (2017). Dietary quality of the US child and adolescent population: Trends from 1999 to 2012 and associations with the use of federal nutrition assistance programs. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 105(1), 194-202. http://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.135095 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Guinn, C. H., Baxter, S. D., Royer, J. A., Hitchcock, D. B. (2013). Explaining the positive relationship between fourth-grade children’s body mass index and energy intake at school-provided meals (breakfast and lunch). Journal of School Health, 83(5) 328-334. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12035 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| HEALTHY Study Group, Mobley, C. C., Stadler, D. D., Staten, M. A., El Ghormli, L., Gillis, B., Hartstein, J., Siega-Riz, A. M., & Virus, A. (2012). Effect of nutrition changes on foods selected by students in a middle school-based diabetes prevention intervention program: The HEALTHY experience. Journal of School Health, 82(2), 82-90. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00670.x | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Hearst, M. O., Shanafelt, A., Wang, Q., Leduc, R., & Nanney, M. S. (2016). Barriers, benefits, and behaviors related to breakfast consumption among rural adolescents. Journal of School Health, 86(3), 187-194. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12367 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Heo, M., Irvin, E., Ostrovsky, N., Isasi, C., Blank, A. E., Lounsbury, D. W., Fredericks, L., Yom, T., Ginsberg, M., Hayes, S., & Wylie-Rosett, J. (2016). Behaviors and knowledge of Healthcorps New York City high school students: Nutrition, mental health, and physical activity. Journal of School Health, 86(2), 84-95. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12355 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Hoelscher, D. M., Moag-Stahlberg, A., Ellis, K., Vandewater, E. A., & Malkani, R. (2016). Evaluation of a student participatory, low-intensity program to improve school wellness environment and students’ eating and activity behaviors. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 13, 13-59. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0379-5 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Hofferth, S. L., & Curtin, S. (2005). Poverty, food programs, and childhood obesity. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 24(4), 703-726. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.20134 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Irwin, C., Irwin, R., Richey, P., Miller, M., Boddie, J., & Dickerson, T (2012). Get fit with the Grizzlies: A community-school-home initiative to fight childhood obesity led by a professional sports organization. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 172, 163-167. http://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-088-8-163 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Ishdorj, A., Crepinsek, M. K., & Jensen, H. H. (2013). Children’s consumption of fruits and vegetables: Do school environment and policies affect choices at school and away from school? Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 35(2), 341-359. https://doi.org/10.1093/aepp/ppt003 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Kim, N., Seo, D. C., King, M. H., Lederer, A. M., & Sovinski, D. (2014). Long-term predictors of blood pressure among adolescents during an 18-month school-based obesity prevention intervention. Journal of Adolescent Health, 55(4), 521-527. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.04.011 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Kimbro, R. T., & Rigby, E. (2010). Federal food policy and childhood obesity: A solution or part of the problem? Health Affairs, 29(3), 411-418. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0731 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Larsen, A. L., Liao, Y., Alberts, J., Huh, J., Robertson, T., & Dunton, G. F. (2017). RE-AIM Analysis of a school-based nutrition education intervention in kindergarteners. Journal of School Health, 87(1), 36-46. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12466 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Lawman, H. G., Polonsky, H. M., Vander Veur, S. S., Abel, M. L., Sherman, S., Bauer, K. W., Sanders, T., Fisher, J. O., Bailey-Davis, L., Ng, J., Van Wye, G., & Foster, G. D. (2014). Breakfast patterns among lowincome, ethnically-diverse 4th-6th grade children in an urban area. BMC Public Health, 14, 604. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-604 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Miller, D. P. (2011). Associations between the home and school environments and child body mass index. Social Science & Medicine, 72(5), 677-684. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.12.003 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Millimet, D. L., Tchernis, R., & Husain, M. (2010). School nutrition programs and the incidence of childhood obesity. Journal of Human Resources, 45, 640-654. https://doi.org/10.3386/w14297 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Millimet, D. L., & Tchernis, R. (2013). Estimation of treatment effects without an exclusion restriction: With an application to the analysis of the School Breakfast Program. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 28(), 982-1017. https://doi.org/10.3386/w15539 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Montgomery-Reagan, K., Bianco, J. A., Heh, V., Rettos, J., & Huston, R. S. (2009). Prevalence and correlates of high body mass index in rural Appalachian children aged 6-11 years. Rural Remote Health, 9(4), 1234. PMID: 19848443 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Peart, T., Kao, J., Crawford, P. B., Samuels, S. E., Craypo, L., & Woodward-Lopez, G. (2012). Does competitive food and beverage legislation hurt meal participation or revenues in high schools? Child Obesity, 8(4), 339-346. http://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2012.0009 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Polonsky, H. M., Davey, A., Bauer, K. W., Foster, G. D., Sherman, S., Abel, M. L., Dale, L. C., & Fisher, J. O (2018). Breakfast quality varies by location among low-income ethnically diverse children in public urban schools. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 50(2), 190-197.e1. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2017.09.009 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Quick, V., Wall, M., Larson, N., Haines, J., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2013). Personal, behavioral and socio-environmental predictors of overweight incidence in young adults: 10-yr longitudinal findings. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10, 37. http://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-37 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Reich, S. M., Kay, J. S., & Lin, G. C. (2015). Nourishing a partnership to improve middle school lunch options a community-based participatory research project. Family & Community Health, 38(1), 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1097/fch.0000000000000055 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Robinson-O’Brien, R., Burgess-Champoux, T., Haines, J., Hannan, P. J., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2010). Associations between school meals offered through the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast Program and fruit and vegetable intake among ethnically diverse, low-income children. Journal of School Health, 80(10), 487-492. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00532.x | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Rosas, S., Case, J., & Tholstrup, L. (2009). A retrospective examination of the relationship between implementation quality of the coordinated school health program model and school-level academic indicators over time. Journal of School Health, 79(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00394.x | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Smith, T. A. (2017). Do school food programs improve child dietary quality? American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 99(2), 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aaw091 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Sweeney, N. M., & Horishita, N. (2005). The breakfast-eating habits of inner city high school students. Journal of School Nursing, 21(2), 100-105. http://doi.org/10.1177/10598405050210020701 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Trude, A. C., Kharmats, A. Y., Hurley, K. M., Anderson Steeves, E., Talegawkar, S. A., & Gittelsohn, J. (2016). Household, psychosocial, and individual-level factors associated with fruit, vegetable, and fiber intake among low-income urban African American youth. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 872. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3499-6 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Vericker, T. C. (2014). Children’s school-related food and physical activity behaviors are associated with body mass index. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 114(2), 250-256. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2013.07.046 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Wang, S., Schwartz, M. B., Shebl, F. M., Read, M., Henderson, K. E., & Ickovics, J. R. (2017). School breakfast and body mass index: A longitudinal observational study of middle school students. Pediatric Obesity, 12(3), 213-220. http://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12127 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Williams, B. M., O’Neil, C. E., Keast, D. R., Cho, S., & Nicklas, T. A. (2009). Are breakfast consumption patterns associated with weight status and nutrient adequacy in African-American children? Public Health Nutrition, 12(4), 489-496. http://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980008002760 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Williamson, D. A., Han, H., Johnson, W. D., Martin, C. K., & Newton, R. L., Jr. (2013). Modification of the school cafeteria environment can impact childhood nutrition. Results from the Wise Mind and LA Health studies. Appetite, 61(1), 77-84. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.11.002 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Diaz, T., Ficapal-Cusi, P., & Aguilar-Martinez, A. (2016). Breakfast habits in primary and secondary schoolchildren: Options for nutritional education in schools. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 33(4), 909-914. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.391 | Language of publication |
| Amaya, Lauren, Gates, G. (2015). Evaluation of the promotion of free school breakfast on consumption and perceptions of school breakfast in a rural district. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior, 47(4), S75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2015.04.198 | Study design |
| Ask, A. S., Hernes, S., Aarek, I., Johannessen, G., & Haugen, M. (2006). Changes in dietary pattern in 15 year old adolescents following a 4 month dietary intervention with school breakfast--a pilot study. Nutrition Journal, 5, 33. http://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-5-33 | Study design |
| Baxter, S., Hitchcock, D. B., Smith, A. F., Finney, C. J., Guinn, C. H., & Royer, J. A. (2016). As children’s body mass index percentile increased, they ate more kilocalories at school-provided breakfast and lunch, but did not report more kilocalories at the same rate. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics, 116(9 Supplement), A72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.250 | Outcome |
| Cubero, J., Franco-Reynolds, L., Calderon, M. A., Caro, B., Rodrigo, M., & Ruiz, C. (2017). School breakfast, an educative intervention in healthy food and nutrition. Didactica De Las Ciencias Experimentales Y Sociales, (32), 171-182. | Study design |
| Fernandez, A. C., Weigand, C. M., Pomar, M. D. B., Casariego, A. V., Gómez, J. J. L., Rodríguez, I. C., Arias, M. T. G., & Fernández, M. C. G. (2011). Changes on dietary habits of the late-breakfast in a school population. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 26(3), 560-565. http://doi.org/10.1590/S0212-16112011000300019 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Fisher, J. O., Polonsky, H., Bauer, K., Sherman, S., Abel, M., Vander Veur, S., & Foster, G. (2015). Increasing breakfast consumption and decreasing childhood obesity in low-income, ethnically diverse youth. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior, 47(4 Supplement), S99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2015.04.266 | Publication status |
| Gates, G., & Perera, T. (2013). Association between breakfast consumption and nutritional status in 9 to 13 year old children. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior, 45(4 Supplement), S31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2013.04.084 | Publication status |
| Hearst, M. O., Shanafelt, A., Wang, Q., Leduc, R., & Nanney, M. S. (2018). Altering the school breakfast environment reduces barriers to school breakfast participation among diverse rural youth. Journal of School Health, 88(1), 3-8. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12575 | Outcomes |
| Krueger, E. B., Eggett, D. L., & Stokes, N. (2018). Teacher perceptions and preferences for 5 school breakfast program models. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 50(8), 788-794. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2018.01.006 | Outcomes |
| Rives, F. M., Marin, F. M., Rives, L. V. M., & Garralda, G. M. Á. (2015). Pharmaceutical care for healthy breakfast promotion in community pharmacies. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 32(3), 1267-1272. http://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.32.3.9390 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Traub, M., Steinacker, J. M., Kesztyus, D., & Arbeitsgrp Komm Gesunde Boot. (2017). Avoiding breakfast for the primary school children cofactors as an important basis for targeted prevention measures. Ernahrungs Umschau, 64, 9. https://doi.org/10.4455/eu.2017.035 | Intervention, exposure, or comparator |
| Wixom, N., Walther, C., Urbach, K., & Yussman, S. M. (2018). 242 - Introduction of a breakfast in the classroom program in an urban middle school. Journal of Adolescent Health, 62(2), S123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.11.250 | Study design |
| Baxter, S. D., Guinn, C. H., Royer, J. A., Hardin, J. W., Mackelprang, A. J., & Smith, A. F. (2009). Accuracy of children’s school-breakfast reports and school-lunch reports (in 24-h dietary recalls) differs by retention interval. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 63(12), 1394-1403. http://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2009.107 | Outcome |
| Baxter, S. D., Guinn, C. H., Smith, A. F., Hitchcock, D. B., Royer, J. A., Puryear, M. P., Collins, K. L., & Smith, A. L. (2016). Children’s school-breakfast reports and school-lunch reports (in 24-h dietary recalls): Conventional and reporting-error-sensitive measures show inconsistent accuracy results for retention interval and breakfast location. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(7), 1301-1315. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515005413 | Outcome |
| Nanney, M. S., Shanafelt, A., Wang, Q., Leduc, R., Dodds, E., Hearst, M., Kubik, M. Y., Grannon, K., & Harnack, L. (2016). Project BreakFAST: Rationale, design, and recruitment and enrollment methods of a randomized controlled trial to evaluate an intervention to improve School Breakfast Program participation in rural high schools. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 3, 12-22. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2015.12.009 | Outcome |
| Ollinger, M., Ralston, K., & Guthrie, J. (2012). Location, school characteristics, and the cost of school meals. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 37(3), 379-397. https://www | Outcome |
| Poblacion, A., Cook, J., de Cuba, S. E., Bovell, A., Sheward, R., Pasquariello, J., & Cutts, D. (2017). Can food insecurity be reduced in the United States by improving SNAP, WIC, and the Community Eligibility Provision? World Medical & Health Policy, 9(4), 435-455. https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.248 | Outcome |
| Askelson, N. M., Golembiewski, E. H., Bobst, A., Delger, P. J., & Scheidel, C. A. (2017). Understanding perceptions of school administrators related to school breakfast in a low school breakfast participation state. Journal of School Health, 87(6), 427-434. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12511 | Study setting |
| Khodabocus, R., Tran, K., Broom, T., & Razaq, A. (2015). Breakfast club: a simple, reproducible, student education initiative. Medical Education, 49(11), 1143-1144. http://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12879 | Study setting |
| Knoblock-Hahn, A., Brown, K., Medrow, L., & Murphy, A. (2016). How community food banks support school breakfast: Strategies used and lessons learned. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics, 116(7), 1187-1192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2016.01.013 | Population |
| Spruance, L. A., Harrison, C., Brady, P., Woolford, M., & LeBlanc, H. (2018). Who eats school breakfast? Parent perceptions of school breakfast in a state with very low participation. Journal of School Health, 88(2), 139-149. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12597 | Study design |
| Access to breakfast clubs vital for parents.(2014). British Journal of School Nursing,9: 59-59. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjsn.2014.9.2.57. | Study design |
| Breakfast in the Classroom: An Investment Today for our Kid’s Future.(2010). New York Family Medicine News, 4-4. | Study design |
| Breakfast in the Classroom: An investment today for our kids’ future. (2012). New York Family Medicine News, 7-7. | Study design |
| Conjuring up breakfast for children. (2008). Practice Nurse, 4-4. | Study design |
| Askelson, N. M., Golembiewski, E. H., DePriest, A. M., O’Neill, P., Delger, P. J., Scheidel, C. A. (2015). The answer isn’t always a poster: Using social marketing principles and concept mapping with high school students to improve participation in school breakfast. Social Marketing Quarterly, 21(3), 119-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524500415589591 | Study design |
| Cowbrough, K. (2014). Early breakfast challenges. Journal of Family Health Care, 24(7), 23-24. PMID: 25668970 | Study design |
| Creighton, L. S. (2012). Stakeholder engagement for successful breakfast in the classroom implementation. Journal of School Health, 82(11), 496-498. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2012.00728.x | Study design |
| Egner, R., Oza-Frank, R., & Cunningham, S. A. (2014). The school breakfast program: A view of the present and preparing for the future-a commentary. Journal of School Health, 84(7), 417-420. http://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12164 | Study design |
| French, S. A., & Story, M. (2013). Commentary on nutrition standards in the national school lunch and breakfast programs. JAMA Pediatrics, 167(1), 8-9. http://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.639 | Study design |
| Gundersen, C. (2015). Food assistance programs and child health. Future of Children, 25(1), 91-109. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2015.0004 | Study design |
| Heller, E., & Johnson, T. (2016). Healthy foods in schools. National Conference of State Legislature Legisbrief, 24(22), 1-2. | Study design |
| Lepkowska, D. (2015). The importance of a healthy breakfast to start the school day. British Journal of School Nursing, 10(4), 171-174. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjsn.2015.10.4.171 | Study design |
| Marcason, W. (2012). What are the new national school lunch and breakfast program nutrition standards? Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 112(7), 1112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2012.05.017 | Study design |
| Marcason, W. (2008). Where can I find information and resources for the School Breakfast Program?. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 108(9), 1580. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.07.032 | Study design |
| Ohr, L. M. (2016). Ingredients for Healthy Adolescents. Food Technology, 70(8). | Study design |
| Precht, T. E., Strassner, C., & Kral, T. V. E. (2014). School breakfast - what can Germany learn from the US experience? Ernahrungs Umschau, 61(2), 20-26. http://doi.org/10.4455/eu.2014.004 | Study design |
| Ruxton, C. (2011). Breakfast clubs: The nutritional, social and health benefits. Nursing in Practice. Retrieved at: https://www | Study design |
| Schwaab, B., Fettweis, C., & Caplon, M. (2012). Increasing student breakfast consumption: An established model in Maryland. Interview by Jodi R. Godfrey. Child Obesity, 8(2), 162-166. http://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2012.0082.godf | Study design |
| Story, M., Kaphingst, K. M., & French, S. (2006). The role of schools in obesity prevention. The Future of Children, 16(1), 109-142. http://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2006.0007 | Study design |
| Zilberter, T., & Zilberter, E. Y. (2013). Breakfast and cognition: Sixteen effects in nine populations, no single recipe. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7(631). http://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00631 | Study design |
Table A2 5Articles excluded during full-text screening of the updated literature search for all rapid review questions
| Article | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Morgenmadsklubben (the breakfast club). ISRCTN11265280 2018. https://www | Publication status |
| School children’s breakfast consumption: An educational intervention based on social cognitive theory. Annals of tropical medicine and public health. 2018;(11 ):SP36. | Outcome |
| A training intervention based on the social marketing model in promoting healthy breakfast and snack. IRCT20170201032347N1. 2018. https://www | Publication status |
| Acute effects of breakfast compared with no breakfast on cognitive function and subjective state in 11-13 year old children. NCT03979027. 2019. https://www | Publication status |
| Nutrition education potentially improves breakfast quality of adolescents from low-mid socioeconomic background. Ann Nutr Metab. 2019;75(3):186. | Publication status |
| Erratum: Effect of a breakfast in the classroom initiative on obesity in urban school-aged children: A cluster randomized clinical trial (JAMA Pediatr (2019) DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5531). JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(7):704. | Study design |
| The 3 Healthy Study for obesity prevention among vulnerable children. ISRCTN11347525. 2019. https://www | Publication status |
| Metabolic responses to breakfast in adolescent girls. NCT04476693. 2020. https://www | Publication status |
| Breakfast omission and energy balance in girls. NCT04481776. 2020. https://www | Publication status |
| Study on the effects of dietary education on the basis of breakfast intake of schoolchildren for different subjects. JPRN-UMIN000040336. 2020. https://www | Publication status, Outcome |
| Dietary Habits and Metabolic Response in Obese Children Whose Mothers Received an Intervention to Promote Healthy Eating. NCT04374292. 2020. https: | Publication status |
| Adolphus K, Lawton CL, Dye L. Associations between habitual school-day breakfast consumption frequency and academic performance in British adolescents. Front Public Health. 2019;7:283. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2019.00283 | Study design |
| Agostini A, Lushington K, Kohler M, Dorrian J. Associations between self-reported sleep measures and dietary behaviours in a large sample of Australian school students (n = 28,010). J Sleep Res. Oct 2018;27(5):e12682. doi:10.1111/jsr.12682 | Intervention/exposure |
| Al-Hazzaa HM, Al-Rasheedi AA, Alsulaimani RA, Jabri L. Anthropometric, familial- and lifestyle-related characteristics of school children skipping breakfast in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Nutrients. Nov 29 2020;12(12)doi:10.3390/nu12123668 | Study design |
| Al-Hazzaa HM, Alhowikan AM, Alhussain MH, Obeid OA. Breakfast consumption among Saudi primary-school children relative to sex and socio-demographic factors. BMC Public Health. Apr 6 2020;20(1):448. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8418-1 | Study design |
| Allara E, Angelini P, Gorini G, et al. Effects of a prevention program on multiple health-compromising behaviours in adolescence: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Prev Med. Jul 2019;124:1-10. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.001 | Outcome |
| Alsharairi NA, Somerset S. Parental work status and children’s dietary consumption: Australian evidence. International Journal of Consumer Studies. Sep 2018;42(5):522-532. doi:10.1111/ijcs.12463 | Intervention/exposure, Outcome |
| Altay N, Toruner EK, Akgun-Citak E. Determine the BMI levels, self-concept and healthy life behaviours of children during a school based obesity training programme. AIMS Public Health. 2020;7(3):535-547. doi:10.3934/publichealth.2020043 | Design, Intervention/exposure |
| Arenaza L, Medrano M, Oses M, et al. The effect of a family-based lifestyle education program on dietary habits, hepatic fat and adiposity markers in 8-12-year-old children with overweight/obesity. Nutrients. May 16 2020;12(5)doi:10.3390/nu12051443 | Study design |
| Arenaza L, Munoz-Hernandez V, Medrano M, et al. Association of breakfast quality and energy density with cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight/obese children: Role of physical activity. Nutrients. Aug 10 2018;10(8)doi:10.3390/nu10081066 | Study design |
| Bani-Issa W, Dennis CL, Brown HK, et al. The influence of parents and schools on adolescents’ perceived diet and exercise self-efficacy: A school-based sample from the United Arab Emirates. J Transcult Nurs. Sep 2020;31(5):479-491. doi:10.1177/1043659619876686 | Outcome |
| Bardin S, Gola AA. Analyzing the association between student weight status and school meal participation: Evidence from the School Nutrition and Meal Cost Study. Nutrients. Dec 23 2020;13(1)doi:10.3390/nu13010017 | Intervention/exposure |
| Barstad LH, Juliusson PB, Johnson LK, Hertel JK, Lekhal S, Hjelmesaeth J. Gender-related differences in cardiometabolic risk factors and lifestyle behaviors in treatment-seeking adolescents with severe obesity. BMC Pediatr. Feb 14 2018;18(1):61. doi:10.1186/s12887-018-1057-3 | Study design |
| Bartfeld JS, Berger L, Men F. Universal access to free school meals through the community eligibility provision is associated with better attendance for low-income elementary school students in Wisconsin. J Acad Nutr Diet. Feb 2020;120(2):210-218. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2019.07.022 | Intervention/exposure |
| Bastami F, Arash A, Fereshteh Z-A, Mostafavi F. Explaining the dimensions of social support for breakfast and healthy snacks in students: A qualitative study. Int J Adolesc Med Health. Nov 2 2020;34(2):59-66. doi:10.1515/ijamh-2019-0249 | Study design |
| Bernabe-Ortiz A, Carrillo-Larco RM. Longitudinal association between food frequency and changes in body mass index: A prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(9)doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037057 | Intervention/exposure |
| Blasetti A, Franchini S, Castorani V, et al. Skipping breakfast is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile in overweight and obese prepubertal children. Int J Endocrinol. 2020;2020:1849274. doi:10.1155/2020/1849274 | Study design |
| Blaszczyk-Bebenek E, Piorecka B, Plonka M, et al. Risk factors and prevalence of abdominal obesity among upper-secondary students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. May 17 2019;16(10)doi:10.3390/ijerph16101750 | Study design |
| Bleiweiss-Sande R, Chui K, Wright C, Amin S, Anzman-Frasca S, Sacheck JM. Associations between food group intake, cognition, and academic achievement in elementary schoolchildren. Nutrients. Nov 2019;11(11):2722. doi:10.3390/nu11112722 | Intervention/exposure |
| Boutelle KN, Manzano MA, Strong DR, Rhee KE. Evaluating the acceptability and feasibility of providing egg or cereal breakfast during a family-based treatment for children with overweight/obesity: The Families and Breakfast Pilot Trial. Child Obes. Dec 2019;15(8):502-509. doi:10.1089/chi.2018.0331 | Design, Comparator |
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- Excluded articles - Breakfast Consumption by School-Aged Children and Adolescent...Excluded articles - Breakfast Consumption by School-Aged Children and Adolescents and School Performance, Weight-Related Outcomes, and Health Outcomes & U.S. School Breakfast Program Best Practices, Including Models of Student Costs and Breakfast Delivery: A Series of Rapid Reviews
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