a. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL – Ovid interface

1. (antisocial personality disorder$ or dissocial personality disorder or psychopa-thy).sh,id.
2. (apd$1.tw. and (asocial$ or anti social$ or antisocial$ or character$ or dissocial$ or dis social$ or person$).mp.) or aspd$1.tw.
3. ((asocial$ or antisocial$ or anti social$ or dissocial$ or dis social$) adj3 (character$ or difficult$ or disorder$ or dysfunction$ or PD or person$)).tw. or ((asocial$ or antisocial$ or anti social$ or dissocial$ or dis social$) and personalit$).tw,hw.
4. neuropsychopath$ or psychopath$3 or psycho path$3 or sociopath$ or socio path$).tw.
5. (DSM and (axis and II)).mp.
6. (multiple personality disorder$ or personality disorder$).sh,id.
7. (personalit$ adj2 (disorder$ or dysfunction$)).tw.
8. or/1–7

b. NHS Economic Evaluation Database, Health Technology Assessment Database — Wiley interface

1. MeSH descriptor Antisocial Personality Disorder, this term only
2. (apd* and (asocial* or anti next social* or antisocial* or character* or dissocial* or dis next social* or person*)) or aspd:ti,ab,kw
3. (asocial* or antisocial* or anti next social* or dissocial* or dis next social*) near/3 (character* or difficult* or disorder* or dysfunction* or PD or person*):ti,ab,kw or (asocial* or antisocial* or anti next social* or dissocial* or dis next social*) and personalit*:ti,ab,kw
4. (neuropsychopath* or psychopath or psychopaths or psychopathia or psychopathias or psychopathic or psychopathics or psychopathies or psychopathy):ti or (neuropsychopath* or psychopath or psychopaths or psychopathia or psychopathias or psychopathic or psychopathics or psychopathies or psychopathy):ab
5. (sociopath* or socio near/1 path*):ti or (sociopath* or socio near/1 path*):ab
6. (DSM and (Axis and II)):ti,ab,kw
7. MeSH descriptor Personality Disorders, this term only
8. MeSH descriptor Multiple Personality Disorder, this term only
9. (personalit* near/2 (disorder* or dysfunction*)):ti or (personalit* near/2 (disorder* or dysfunction*)):ab
10. #1 or #2 or #3 or #4 or #5 or #6 or #7 or #8 or #9

c. OHE HEED — Wiley interface

1. ax = personalit* and (disorder* or dysfunction*)
2. ax = aspd or (apd* and (asocial* or antisocial* or ‘anti social’ or ‘anti socially’ or ‘anti sociality’ or dissocial* or ‘dis social’ or ‘dis sociality’ or person*))
3. (asocial* or antisocial* or ‘anti social’ or ‘anti socially’ or ‘anti sociality’ or dissocial* or ‘dis social’ or ‘dis sociality’) and (character* or difficult* or disorder* or dysfunction* or PD or person*)
4. ax = neuropsychopath* or psychopath or psychopaths or psychopathia or psychopathias or psychopathic or psychopathics or psychopathies or psychopathy
5. ax = sociopath* or ‘socio path’ or ‘socio paths’ or ‘socio pathic’ or ‘socio pathics’ or ‘socio pathy’
6. ax = (DSM and (Axis and II))
7. ax = ((asocial* or antisocial* or ‘anti social’ or ‘anti socially’ or ‘anti sociality’ or dissocial* or ‘dis social’ or ‘dis sociality’) and personalit*)
8. cs = 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7

a. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL — Ovid interface

1. exp “costs and cost analysis”/or “health care costs”/
2. exp health resource allocation/or exp health resource utilization/
3. exp economics/or exp economic aspect/or exp health economics/
4. exp value of life/
5. (burden adj5 (disease or illness)).tw.
6. (cost or costs or costing or costly or economic$ or expenditure$ or price or prices or pricing or pharmacoeconomic$).tw.
7. (budget$ or financ$ or fiscal or funds or funding).tw.
8. (resource adj5 (allocation$ or utilit$)).tw.
9. or/1–8
10. (value adj5 money).tw.
11. exp quality of life/
12. (qualit$3 adj5 (life or survival)).tw.
13. (health status or QOL or wellbeing or well being).tw.
14. or/9–13

Details of additional searches undertaken to support the development of this guideline, with special regard to offender and construct populations, are available on request.