The present report is concerned specifically with the mobility of holders of the doctorate. Immigration and internal migration are both considered, as are the factors that govern mobility among disciplines and occupations. Although the mass immigrations of the nineteenth century have now been reduced to a trickle, inflow of scholars and scientists from other countries continues. A large fraction of outstanding scientists in this country today were born elsewhere. The internal migration of students who eventually earn doctorates is numerically greater by an order of magnitude than is the external migration. As they move from state to state at various career stages, they encounter differing conditions of economic level and educational development. In turn, as they graduate and enter gainful employment, their contributions affect these same parameters of economy and education. The internal flow of Ph.D.’s significantly reduces the differences among the states, particularly with respect to higher education.

Contents

• Errata
• Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
• Highlights
• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• Introduction
• CHAPTER I. International Migration
  • Foreign Students in U.S. Universities
  • Postdoctoral Students
  • Origins, Levels, and Opportunities
  • The Foreign Contact Group of U.S. PhD’s
  • Of Origins and Destinations
  • U.S. Citizens Going Abroad
  • Inflow and Outflow, by World Region
  • National per Capita Wealth and Migration
  • Field Mix for Foreign and U.S. Citizens
• CHAPTER II. History and Geography of U.S. Doctorate Output
  • Major Changes from the 1920’s to the 1960’s
  • Baccalaureate vs. Doctorate Origins
  • The States as “Producers” and “Consumers” of PhD’s
  • State Profiles from High School to PhD Employment
• CHAPTER III. A Computerized Distance/Direction, Origin/Destination Metric
  • Brains and Dollars: Chicken and Egg?
  • National vs. State View
  • Migration of High-Level Personnel
  • Needed: A Migration Metric, Computerized
  • State-to-State Migration
• CHAPTER IV. Correlates of Migration: State Indices of Prosperity and Education
  • 155 Variables and 5 Factor Analyses
  • The Three State Indices
  • State-to-State Variations Depicted
  • Three Maps for Three Indices
  • Pairs of Indices
  • Two Levels of Education
  • Triplet Indices: State Profiles of E, H, and S
• CHAPTER V. Mobility after the PhD
  • Geographic Mobility
  • 1935-1960 Cohorts in the 1966 Register
  • Types of Employers
  • Anticipated vs. Actual Type of Employer
  • Expected Work Activity
  • Distributions and Trends in Work Activity
  • Field-Switching
  • Bioscience Subfield Switching
• CHAPTER VI. Some Unanswered Questions
• Appendixes
  • APPENDIX A. The Grid System
  • APPENDIX B. Grid Locations at BA and at PhD of the Doctorate Recipients of 1920-1967, by Decade, with Tables of Regional Interchange
  • APPENDIX C. Migration from High School to Post-PhD Employment, with Diagrams Showing Directions, Distances, Numbers, and Proportions
  • APPENDIX D. Set of “Block Diagrams,” with Explanation: State-to-State Move Percentages at Each Career Stage
  • APPENDIX E. Description of Variables Used in Factor Analysis of State Indices
  • APPENDIX F. Factor Analysis Tables and Explanation
  • APPENDIX G. Standard Score Scales for State Indices and State Index Ratios
  • APPENDIX H. Mobility in Five Dimensions
  • APPENDIX I. Personal Characteristics of Migration Streams
  • APPENDIX J. A Note on Cumulative Inertia
  • APPENDIX K. Survey of Earned Doctorates 1966-1968 Questionnaire Form

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