TABLE R-3Assumptions Used in Nutrient Analyses of Current and Revised Food Packages for Infants

Food CategoryWeighting and Assumptions*RationaleProducts IncludedNDB No.
FormulaType weighting:
  • Milk-based: 64.9%
  • Soy-based: 19.0%
  • Lactose-free: 11.6%
  • Hydrolysate: 4.5%
Prescription percentages from PC 2014 Food Package Report Exhibit FP1, which uses PC 2008 participant characteristics data. Percentages in the report did not add to 100% as infants can be prescribed more than one type of formula. These percentages were scaled to 100% for weighting Overall redemption of infant formula was 97% according to five states average redemptionPowder, routine:
Enfamil Premium Infant33877
Similac Advance03950
Gerber Good Start Gentle33868
Powder, soy:
Enfamil ProSobee03826
Isomil Advance Soy03954
Gerber Good Start Soy33872
Powder, milk-based lactose-free:
Assumes prescription equals redemptionSimilac for Spit-Up03999
Powder, hydrolysate
Similac Expert Care Alimentum03957
Brand weighting:
  • Mead Johnson: 43.7%
  • Abbott: 42.7%
  • Nestle-Gerber: 13.6%
WIC infant formula brand shares for 2015, determined by dividing total number of infants under each contract (obtained from state contracts with manufacturers) by total number of infants participating in WIC (obtained from USDA/FNS website) for each formula manufacturerReady-to-feed, routine:
Enfamil Premium Infant33876
Similac Advance03949
Gerber Good Start Gentle03989
Ready-to-feed, soy:
Enfamil ProSobee03823
Isomil Advance Soy03953
Gerber Good Start Soy03987
Ready-to-feed, milk-based lactose-free: 
Form weighting:
  • Powder: 77.9%
  • Liquid concentrate: 11.8%
  • Ready-to-feed: 10.3%
Prescription percentages from PC 2014 Food Package Report Table II.2, which uses PC 2014 participant characteristics data. Scaled to 100%.Similac for Spit-Up03993
Ready-to-feed, hydrolysate 
Similac Expert Care Alimentum03846
Infants 0–3 months: Composite powder formula weighted by type and brandPowder form is recommended for partially breastfed infants 0–3 months in the Final RuleLiquid concentrate, routine:
Enfamil Premium Infant33865
Liquid concentrate, soy:
All other infants: Composite formula weighted by type, brand, and formEnfamil ProSobee03854
Isomil Advance Soy03952
Gerber Good Start Soy03966
Liquid concentrate, milk-based lactose-free
Similac Sensitive03947
Estimates used the specified maximum monthly allowance (MMA) ounces in the Final RuleIn alignment with foods across other WIC food packages, the maximum monthly allowance multiplied by redemption was assumed in the absence of data on issuance
Powder scoop to liquid conversion: 1 scoop + 2 oz water = 2.2 fl oz prepared formulaMead Johnson website
Liquid concentrate to prepared form conversion: 1-to-1 dilution at 20 kcal/fl oz (standard dilution)Mead Johnson and Abbott Nutrition websites
Infant food cereal
  • Oatmeal: 38%
  • Rice: 39%
  • Whole wheat/multigrain: 23%
Wyoming and Massachusetts redemption data, 2015Infant food cereal, oatmeal, dry, fortified03189
Infant food cereal, brown rice, dry, instant42285
Infant food whole wheat/multigrain, dry, fortified03996
Infant food, fruits
  • Applesauce: 28%
  • Banana: 27%
  • Peach: 18%
  • Pear: 18%
  • Prunes: 9%
Wyoming and Massachusetts redemption data, 2015Applesauce03116
Banana43546
Peach03130
Pear03132
Prunes03139
Infant food, vegetables
  • Carrots: 23%
  • Green beans: 8%
  • Peas: 15%
  • Squash: 23%
  • Sweet potatoes: 31%
Wyoming and Massachusetts redemption data, 2015Carrots03099
Green beans03091
Peas03121
Squash03104
Sweet potatoes03108
Infant food, fruit and vegetable composite
  • Vegetable: 44.3%
  • Fruit: 55.7%
Wyoming and Massachusetts redemption data, 2015
Infant food, meats
  • Beef: 27%
  • Chicken: 34%
  • Turkey: 24%
  • Ham: 15%
Wyoming, Chickasaw Nation, and Massachusetts redemption data, 2015Beef03002
Chicken03012
Turkey03015
Ham03008

NOTES: FNB = full nutrition benefit; NDB = National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 28 (USDA/ARS, 2016); PC = WIC Participant and Program Characteristics Report.

*

State data were incorporated into weighting only when the committee judged the data to be reasonable and complete.

From: Appendix R, Development of the Food Package Nutrient and Cost Profiles

Cover of Review of WIC Food Packages
Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review WIC Food Packages.
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2017 May 1.
Copyright 2017 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.