The LiverTox website is written to provide comprehensive and clear information on the hepatotoxicity of medications, herbals and nutritional supplements. Abbreviations are used in the text but kept at a minimum and limited largely to those that are common in clinical practice. The following abbreviations may be encountered in LiverTox, although abbreviations will generally be introduced before use in the text. Abbreviations that are not introduced before use include: (1) routes of medication administration [e.g., intravenous, or iv] and units of measure [e.g., gram, or g], which are indicated with an asterisk below; and, (2) selected abbreviations within reference annotations.

AIDS

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Alk P

alkaline phosphatase

ALT

alanine aminotransferase

Anti-HAV

antibody to hepatitis A virus

Anti-HBc

antibody to hepatitis B core antigen

Anti-HBe

antibody to hepatitis B e antigen

Anti-HBs

antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen

Anti-HCV

antibody to hepatitis C virus

AST

aspartate aminotransferase

BU

Bodansky Unit

CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CK

creatine kinase

CMV

cytomegalovirus

CT

computed tomography

DILIN

Drug Induced Liver Injury Network

EBV

Epstein-Barr virus

ERCP

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

ESR

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

GGT

gamma glutamyl transpeptidase

HAV

hepatitis A virus

HBV

hepatitis B virus

HBeAg

hepatitis B e antigen

HBsAg

hepatitis B surface antigen

HCV

hepatitis C virus

HDV

hepatitis D (delta) virus

HEV

hepatitis E virus

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus

HSV

herpes simplex virus

INR

international normalized ratio (of prothrombin time)

KAU

King Armstrong Unit

LDH

lactic dehydrogenase

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

NIH

National Institutes of Health

NLM

National Library of Medicine

Protime

Prothrombin time

RUCAM

Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method

UK

United Kingdom

ULN

upper limit of the normal range

US

United States

WHO

World Health Organization

*Abbreviations that are not introduced before use.

*g

gram

*kg

kilogram

*mg

milligram

*µg

microgram

*ng

nanogram

*L

liter

*dL

deciliter (100 mL)

*mL

milliliter

*µL

microliter

*µmol

micromole

*im

intramuscularly

*iv

intravenously

*sc

subcutaneously

*U

Units

*vs

versus