Attribution Statement: LactMed is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006-.
Primary Author
Philip O. Anderson, Pharm.D., FASHP, originated LactMed and is responsible for compiling and summarizing the scientific literature and for crafting its "Summary of Use" statements. A graduate of the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Pharmacy, Dr. Anderson is a Health Sciences Clinical Professor of Pharmacy at the University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Dr. Anderson has published on drug use during breastfeeding in professional journals, and has authored the appendix to the popular handbook, The Nursing Mothers' Companion, and has lectured widely on the topic. He is a member of the Editorial Board AND Pharmacology Editor of the journal, Breastfeeding Medicine, and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the MotherToBaby, San Diego.
Assisted by:
Jason Sauberan, Pharm.D. wrote the records for opioid drugs. Dr. Sauberan is a Health Sciences Assistant Clinical Professor of Pharmacy at the UCSD Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and is a neonatal-perinatal clinical pharmacist practicing at Neonatal Research Institute, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women and Newborns, San Diego, California. He is also a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the MotherToBaby, San Diego.
Editorial and informatics support were provided by the Division of Specialized Information Services, National Library of Medicine.
Data Peer Reviewed by:
The LactMed peer review panel scrutinizes the data for each drug record to assure their scientific validity, reasonableness, and currency. The initial peer reviewers for the database helped to design the format and scope of content.
Cheston M. Berlin, Jr., M.D. is a continuing reviewer of LactMed records. Dr. Berlin is a Professor of Pediatrics and Pharmacology at Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA. He has researched and published widely on drugs and breastfeeding and was a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Drugs which produced the Academy's Statement, "The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals into Human Milk".
Shinya Ito, M.D., ABCP, FRCPC, is a continuing reviewer of LactMed records. Dr. Ito is Professor of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, and a staff physician at Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. His research is focused on drug safety in children, including those exposed to drugs in utero or through breast milk
Kathleen Uhl, M.D., FAAFP was one of the original reviewers for LactMed. Dr. Uhl is the former Director of the Office of Women's Health at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and Supervisory Medical Officer in FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Team in the Office of New Drugs.
Specialty Reviewers:
Cathi Dennehy, Pharm. D. is a reviewer for dietary supplement records. She is a Health Sciences Clinical Professor in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy in the School of Pharmacy at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Her areas of specialty are herbal medicine and dietary supplements. Dr. Dennehy co-coordinates an evidence-based course in herbal remedies and dietary supplements at UCSF, sponsored by the Osher Center for Integrative Medicine. She conducts research and has authored publications and book chapters involving dietary supplements. She is also nationally recognized for her expertise as a consultant and professional speaker on this topic area.
Deborah Kennedy, M.B.A., N.D. is a reviewer for dietary supplement records. She is a licensed naturopathic doctor. Her area of research includes the interactions between natural health products and pharmaceutical drugs.
Sonia Neubauer, M.D. is a reviewer for radiopharmaceutical records. Dr. Neubauer is an Adjunct Professor at the University of Chile. Since 1979, she has been involved in clinical and basic investigational nuclear medicine in Chile, as well as at the Centre Antoine Lacassagne, University of Nice, in France.
Candy Tsourounis, Pharm.D. is a reviewer for dietary supplement records. She is a Professor of Clinical Pharmacy in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy in the School of Pharmacy at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Tsourounis' area of research involves dietary supplements. She has been involved in the dietary supplement field since 1994, authoring numerous articles and contributing meaningful research in this field, particularly in the area of dietary supplement use and safety.
The composition of the panel is subject to change as the database evolves.
Disclaimer: Information presented in this database is not meant as a substitute for professional judgment. You should consult your healthcare provider for breastfeeding advice related to your particular situation. The U.S. government does not warrant or assume any liability or responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information on this Site.
- User and Medical Advice Disclaimer
- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) - Record Format
- LactMed - Database Creation and Peer Review Process
- Fact Sheet. Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) - Glossary
- LactMed Selected References
- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) - About Dietary Supplements
- Breastfeeding Links
- LactMed - Database Creation and Peer Review Process - Drugs and Lactation Databa...LactMed - Database Creation and Peer Review Process - Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®)
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