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Energy Balance and Obesity
IARC Working Group Reports, No. 10
Editors: Isabelle Romieu, Laure Dossus, and Walter C. Willett.
Lyon (FR): International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2017.
ISBN-13: 978-92-832-2519-5ISBN-13: 978-92-832-2518-8
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between energy balance and obesity is essential to develop effective prevention programmes and policies.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a Working Group of world-leading experts in December 2015 to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and to consider the following scientific questions: (i) Are the drivers of the obesity epidemic related only to energy excess and/or do specific foods or nutrients play a major role in this epidemic? (ii) What are the factors that modulate these associations? (iii) Which types of data and/or studies will further improve our understanding?
This book provides summaries of the evidence from the literature as well as the Working Group’s conclusions and recommendations to tackle the global epidemic of obesity.
Contents
- Library Cataloguing Information
- Foreword
- Working Group members
- Executive Summary
- Abbreviations
- CHAPTER 1. Global trends in overweight and obesityChizuru Nishida, Elaine Borghi, Francesco Branca, and Mercedes de Onis.
- CHAPTER 2. The double burden of malnutrition in low- and middle-income countriesPattanee Winichagoon and Barrie M. Margetts.
- CHAPTER 3. Can energy intake and expenditure (energy balance) be measured accurately in epidemiological studies? Is this important?Walter C. Willett and Changzheng Yuan.
- Components of total energy expenditure
- Energy balance and deviations from energy balance
- Accuracy and precision of measures of energy intake
- Alternative methods to assess energy balance in epidemiological studies
- Other applications of data on total energy intake and expenditure
- Conclusions
- Key points
- Research needs
- References
- CHAPTER 4. How are components of dietary intake, dietary composition, foods, and nutrients related to obesity and weight gain?Magdalena Stepien.
- CHAPTER 5. How are overall energy intake and expenditure related to obesity?Klaas R. Westerterp.
- CHAPTER 6. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and obesityMichael Leitzmann.
- CHAPTER 7. What existing epidemiological data could serve to better understand the relationship of energy intake and expenditure to obesity and the obesity epidemic?Martin Wiseman and Isabelle Romieu.
- CHAPTER 8. Cultural determinants of obesity in low- and middle-income countries in the Eastern Mediterranean RegionNahla Hwalla, Lara Nasreddine, and Sibelle El Labban.
- CHAPTER 9. Potential mechanisms in childhood obesity: causes and preventionYoufa Wang.
- CHAPTER 10. The interplay of genes, lifestyle, and obesityPaul W. Franks.
- CHAPTER 11. The gut microbiota and obesityHervé M. Blottière.
- CHAPTER 12. Molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the obesity–cancer linkCiara H. O’Flanagan, Laura W. Bowers, Emma H. Allott, and Stephen D. Hursting.
- CHAPTER 13. What steps should be recommended and implemented to prevent and control the obesity epidemic?Simón Barquera and Jacob C. Seidell.
- Obesity as a major public health problem
- Main areas of opportunity to prevent and control obesity
- Monitoring and benchmarking of obesity prevention efforts
- Cost–effectiveness of obesity interventions
- Integrating prevention and management of obesity
- Example of a successful obesity-related policy in Latin America
- Conclusions
- Key points
- Research needs
- References
- CHAPTER 14. Which new data are needed to explore the relationships of diet and dietary patterns to obesity and weight gain?Nancy Potischman.
- Acknowledgements
- Disclosures of interests
About the Series
IARC Working Group Reports
ISSN: 1997-1877
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