The Guide to Community Preventive Services is being developed by the Task Force on Community Preventive Services, a 15-member non-federal group of national and regional experts in public health, health care, and health promotion. The task force was convened by the Department of Health and Human Services to provide leadership in the evaluation of community, population, and health care system strategies to address a variety of public health and health promotion topics including tobacco use. The task force is supported by staff from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and a variety of public and private partners.

The Guide provides an in-depth review of community and healthcare system interventions. It is being published first as a series of journal articles, to be aggregated into a comprehensive document at a later date.

Contents

• Diabetes and Physical Activity
  • Foreword: Diabetes and physical activity: Translating evidence into action
    J Michael McGinnis, MD.
    • Introduction
    • References
  • Working toward the next generation of diabetes self-management education
    Martha M. Funnell, MS, RN, CDE and Robert M Anderson, EdD.
    • Introduction
    • Self-management education
    • Community-based self-management education
    • References
  • Striving for a more active community: Lessons from the diabetes prevention program and beyond
    Andrea Kriska, PhD, MS.
    • Introduction
    • References
  • Translating Evidenced-Based Physical Activity Interventions Into Practice: The 2010 Challenge
    Andrea L Dunn, PhD.
    • Introduction
    • How Far The Field Has Come—An Exponential Growth In Intervention Research
    • People, Proficiencies, and the Proliferation Processes
    • The Next Generation of Physical Activity Intervention Research
    • Some Final Thoughts
    • References
  • Recommendations for Healthcare System and Self-Management Education Interventions to Reduce Morbidity and Mortality from Diabetes
    Task Force on Community Preventive Services.
    • Introduction
    • Intervention Recommendations
    • Additional Reviews
    • Interpreting and Using the Recommendations
    • Acknowledgments
    • Reference
  • The Effectiveness of Disease and Case Management for People with Diabetes
    Susan L Norris, MD, MPH, Phyllis J Nichols, MPH, Carl J Caspersen, PhD, MPH, Russell E Glasgow, PhD, Michael M Engelgau, MD, MSc, Leonard Jack Jr, PhD, MSc, George Isham, MD, Susan R Snyder, PhD, Vilma G Carande-Kulis, PhD, Sanford Garfield, PhD, Peter Briss, MD, and David McCulloch, MD.
    • Introduction
    • The Guide to Community Preventive Services
    • Methods
    • Reviews of Evidence
    • Research Issues for Disease and Case Management Interventions in Diabetes
    • Conclusions
    • References
    • Appendix A: Summary Evidence Table Case Management
  • Increasing Diabetes Self-Management Education in Community Settings: A Systematic Review
    Susan L Norris, MD, MPH, Phyllis J Nichols, MPH, Carl J Caspersen, PhD, MPH, Russell E Glasgow, PhD, Michael M Engelgau, MD, MSc, Leonard Jack Jr, PhD, MSc, Susan R Snyder, PhD, Vilma G Carande-Kulis, PhD, George Isham, MD, Sanford Garfield, PhD, Peter Briss, MD, and David McCulloch, MD.
    • Introduction
    • The Guide To Community Preventive Services
    • Methods
    • Reviews of Evidence
    • Methodologic issues
    • Conclusions
    • References
    • Appendix A. Summary Evidence Tables
  • Recommendations to increase physical activity in communities
    Task Force on Community Preventive Services.
    • Introduction
    • Intervention Recommendations
    • Interpreting and Using the Recommendations
    • References
  • The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity: A systematic review
    Emily B Kahn, PhD, MPH, Leigh T Ramsey, PhD, Ross C Brownson, PhD, Gregory W Heath, DHSc, MPH, Elizabeth H Howze, ScD, Kenneth E Powell, MD, MPH, Elaine J Stone, PhD, MPH, Mummy W Rajab, MS, and Phaedra Corso, PhD.
    • Introduction
    • The Guide to Community Preventive Services
    • Healthy People 2010 Goals and Objectives for Increasing Physical Activity
    • Recommendations From Other Advisory Groups
    • Methods for Conducting the Review
    • Results. Part I. Informational Approaches to Increasing Physical Activity
    • Results. Part II. Behavioral and Social Approaches to Increasing Physical Activity
    • Results. Part III. Environmental and Policy Approaches to Increasing Physical Activity
    • Research Issues
    • Summary
    • References
    • Appendix A
    • References
    • Appendix B
  • Author Index
  • Subject Index
• Motor Vehicle Occupant Injury
  • Foreword: Note from the Surgeon General
    David Satcher.
  • Public Health's Contribution to Motor Vehicle Injury Prevention
    Patricia F Waller, PhD.
  • Discussion: Motor vehicle occupant injury prevention: the states' perspective
    John Moffat.
  • Research As an Advocate's Toolkit to Reduce Motor Vehicle Occupant Deaths and Injuries
    Millie Webb.
  • The effectiveness review trials of Hercules and some economic estimates for the stables
    Ted R Miller, PhD, MS.
    • Economic analysis
    • References and Notes
  • The Guide to Community Preventive Services: A Public Health Imperative
    Lloyd F Novick, MD, MPH and Alex Kelter, MD.
  • Recommendations to reduce injuries to motor vehicle occupants Increasing child safety seat use, increasing safety belt use, and reducing alcohol-impaired driving
    Task Force on Community Preventive Services.
    • Introduction
    • Intervention recommendations
    • References and Notes
  • Methods for Conducting Systematic Reviews of the Evidence of Effectiveness and Economic Efficiency of Interventions to Reduce Injuries to Motor Vehicle Occupants
    Stephanie Zaza, MD, MPH, Vilma G Carande-Kulis, PhD, MS, David A Sleet, PhD, MA, Daniel M Sosin, MD, MPH, Randy W Elder, MEd, Ruth A Shults, PhD, MPH, Tho Bella Dinh-Zarr, PhD, MPH, James L Nichols, PhD, and Robert S Thompson, MD.
    • Overview
    • Introduction
    • Systematic Review Development Team
    • Conceptual approach
    • Analytic Frameworks
    • Search Strategy
    • Evaluating and Summarizing the Studies
    • Other Effects
    • Evaluating Economic Efficiency
    • Barriers
    • Translating Strength of Evidence into Recommendations
    • Summarizing Research Gaps
    • The Reviews of Evidence
    • References and Notes
    • Appendix: Economic efficiency
  • Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to increase use of child safety seats
    Stephanie Zaza, MD, MPH, David A Sleet, PhD, MA, Robert S Thompson, MD, Daniel M Sosin, MD, MPH, and Julie C Bolen, PhD, MPH.
    • Overview
    • Introduction
    • Methods
    • Results. Part I. Intervention Effectiveness and Economic Efficiency
    • Results. Part II. Research Issues
    • Discussion
    • References and Notes
    • Appendix: Studies Measuring the Effectiveness of Child Safety Seat Distribution Programs
  • Reviews of Evidence Regarding Interventions to Increase the Use of Safety Belts
    Tho Bella Dinh-Zarr, PhD, MPH, David A Sleet, PhD, MA, Ruth A Shults, PhD, MPH, Stephanie Zaza, MD, MPH, Randy W Elder, MEd, James L Nichols, PhD, Robert S Thompson, MD, and Daniel M Sosin, MD, MPH.
    • Overview
    • Introduction
    • Conceptual Approach
    • Methods
    • Interventions to Increase the Use of Safety Belts
    • Research Issues
    • Discussion
    • [Contributors]
    • References and Notes
    • Appendix 1: Studies Measuring the Incremental Effect of Primary Enforcement Laws Relative to Secondary Enforcement Laws on Fatal Injuries
    • Appendix 2: Studies Measuring the Incremental Effect of Primary Enforcement Laws Relative to Secondary Enforcement Laws on Safety Belt Use
  • Reviews of Evidence Regarding Interventions to Reduce Alcohol-Impaired Driving
    Ruth A Shults, PhD, MPH, Randy W Elder, MEd, David A Sleet, PhD, MA, James L Nichols, PhD, Mary O Alao, MA, Vilma G Carande-Kulis, PhD, MS, Stephanie Zaza, MD, MPH, Daniel M Sosin, MD, MPH, and Robert S Thompson, MD.
    • Overview
    • Introduction
    • Conceptual Approach
    • Methods
    • Intervention Effectiveness and Economic Efficiency
    • Research Issues
    • Discussion
    • References and Notes
    • Appendix: Studies Measuring the Effectiveness of 0.08% Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Laws
• Oral Health
  • The Guide To Community Preventive Services: Oral Health
    Dushanka V Kleinman, DDS, MScD.
  • Wishes for the Future
    Jane A Weintraub, DDS, MPH and Susan G Millstein, PhD.
  • Partnering to Unlock the Mysteries of Oral Diseases and Injuries
    Eli Capilouto, DMD, ScD, MPH.
  • Issues and Opportunities
    Henrie Treadwell, PhD and Marguerite Ro, DrPH.
    • Prevention Through Early Service
    • Developing an Appropriate Workforce
    • Adopting Community-Based Interventions and Strategies
    • References
  • The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Response to Improving the Nation's Oral Health
    Judith Stavisky MPH, MEd and Howard Bailit DMD, PhD.
  • Recommendations on Selected Interventions to Prevent Dental Caries, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers, and Sports-Related Craniofacial Injuries
    Task Force on Community Preventive Services.
    • Introduction
    • Intervention Recommendations
    • Interpreting and Using the Recommendations
    • References
  • Reviews of Evidence on Interventions to Prevent Dental Caries, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers, and Sports-related Craniofacial Injuries
    Benedict I Truman, MD, MPH, Barbara F Gooch, DMD, MPH, Iddrisu Sulemana, MPH, MA, Helen C Gift, PhD, Alice M Horowitz, PhD, Caswell A Evans, Jr, DDS, MPH, Susan O Griffin, PhD, and Vilma G Carande-Kulis, PhD.
    • Introduction
    • The Guide to Community Preventive Services
    • Healthy People 2010 Goals and Objectives for Promoting Oral Health
    • Recommendations of Other Groups
    • Methods
    • Results. Part I: Prevention or Control of Dental Caries
    • Results. Part II. Prevention or Control of Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers
    • Results. Part III. Prevention or Control of Sports-related Craniofacial Injuries
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
    • Appendix A: Methods
    • Appendix B: Studies measuring the effectiveness of community water fluoridation (CWF)
    • Appendix C: Potential Adverse Effects of Community Water Fluoridation--Summary of Findings from the National Health Service York Review
  • A Comparison of Selected Evidence Reviews and Recommendations on Interventions to Prevent Dental Caries, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers, and Sports-related Craniofacial Injuries
    Barbara F Gooch, DMD, MPH, Benedict I Truman, MD, MPH, Susan O Griffin, PhD, William G Kohn, DDS, Iddrisu Sulemana, MPH, MA, Helen C Gift, PhD, Alice M Horowitz, PhD, and Caswell A Evans, Jr, DDS, MPH.
    • Introduction
    • Selected Evidence Reviews and Guidelines to Prevent Dental Caries, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers, and Sports-related Craniofacial Injuries
    • Organization of the Summary Tables
    • Comparing Recommendations from Selected Guidelines
    • Comparing Narrative Reviews from Selected Guidelines
    • Comparing Summary Effect Measurements from Selected Guidelines
    • Discussion
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
  • Reviews and Recommendations to Prevent Dental Caries, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers, and Sports-Related Craniofacial Injuries
    James J Crall, DDS, ScD.
    • Process and Findings
    • Meaning and Utility
    • Challenges and Opportunities
    • References
• Tobacco Use Prevention and Control
  • Reviews of Evidence Regarding Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Use and Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
    David P Hopkins, MD, MPH, Peter A Briss, MD , Connie J Ricard, MPH, Corinne G Husten, MD, MPH, Vilma G Carande-Kulis, MS, PhD, Jonathan E Fielding, MD, MPH, MBA, Mary O Alao, MA, Jeffrey W McKenna, MS, Donald J Sharp, MD, DTM&H, Jeffrey R Harris, MD, MPH, Trevor A Woollery, PhD, and Kate W Harris, BA.
    • Introduction
    • The Guide to Community Preventive Services
    • Conceptual Approach
    • Healthy People 2010 Goals and Objectives
    • Part I: Strategies to Reduce Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
    • Part II. Strategies to Reduce Tobacco Use Initiation
    • Part III. Strategies to Increase Tobacco Use Cessation
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
    • Appendix A
  • Evidence Reviews and Recommendations on Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Use and Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: A Summary of Selected Guidelines
    David P Hopkins, MD, MPH, Corinne G Husten, MD, MPH, Jonathan E Fielding, MD, MPH, MBA, J Niels Rosenquist, MS, and J Niels Westphal, MA, MPH.
    • Introduction
    • Selected Evidence Reviews and Guidelines on Tobacco Use Prevention and Control
    • Organization of the Summary Tables
    • Recommendations
    • Narrative Reviews
    • Summary Effect Measurements
    • Discussion
    • Conclusion
    • References
    • Appendix B-1Studies of Effectiveness of Smoking Bans and Restrictions on Reducing Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)
    • Appendix B2: Studies of the Effectiveness of Smoking Bans and Restrictions on Tobacco Use Behaviors
  • Recommendations Regarding Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Use and Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
    Task Force on Community Preventive Services.
    • Introduction
    • Interpreting and Using the Recommendations
    • Intervention Recommendations
    • Additional Reviews
    • References
    • Appendix C: Interpreting the Economic Data
• Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
  • Vaccine-Preventable Diseases: Improving Vaccination Coverage in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Report on Recommendations from the Task Force on Community Preventive Services
    • Summary
    • Background
    • Introduction
    • Results
    • Use of the Recommendations in Communities and Health-Care Systems
    • Additional Information Regarding the Task Force and the Guide
    • Disclaimer
    • References
  • Reviews of Evidence Regarding Interventions to Improve Vaccination Coverage in Children, Adolescents, and Adults [Draft]
    • CONTRIBUTORS
    • NOMENCLATURE
    • BACKGROUND
    • CONCEPTUAL APPROACH
    • HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR IMPROVING VACCINATION COVERAGE
    • INFORMATION FROM OTHER ADVISORY GROUPS
    • INTERPRETING AND USING THESE RECOMMENDATIONS
    • Increasing Community Demand for Vaccinations
    • Enhancing Access to Vaccination Services
    • Vaccination Interventions in Nonmedical Settings
    • Provider-Based Interventions
    • Appendices