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Kane RL, Saleh KJ, Wilt TJ, et al. Total Knee Replacement. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2003 Dec. (Evidence Reports/Technology Assessments, No. 86.)

  • This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

Cover of Total Knee Replacement

Total Knee Replacement.

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Listing of Excluded Studies

    (reason for exclusion is provided in italics following each reference)

  1. Abdel-Salam A, Eyres K S. Effects of tourniquet during total knee arthroplasty. A prospective randomised study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1995;77(2):250–3. [PubMed: 7706340]
  2. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  3. Abernethy P J, Robinson C M, Fowler R M. Fracture of the metal tibial tray after Kinematic total knee replacement. A common cause of early aseptic failure. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996;78(2):220–5. [PubMed: 8666629]
  4. No baseline symptom scores.
  5. Ackroyd C E, Whitehouse S L, Newman J H. et al. A comparative study of the medial St Georg sled and kinematic total knee arthroplasties. Ten-year survivorship. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2002;84(5):667–72. [PubMed: 12188481]
  6. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  7. Adili A, Bhandari M, Petruccelli D. et al. Sequential bilateral total knee arthroplasty under 1 anesthetic in patients > or = 75 years old: complications and functional outcomes. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(3):271–8. [PubMed: 11307122]
  8. No baseline symptom scores.
  9. Akagi M, Nakamura T, Matsusue Y, Ueo T, Nishijyo K, Ohnishi E. The Bisurface total knee replacement: a unique design for flexion. Four-to-nine-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82-A(11):1626–33. [PubMed: 11097454]
  10. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  11. Ahl T, Dalen N, Jorbeck H, Hoborn J. Air contamination during hip and knee arthroplasties. Horizontal laminar flow randomized vs. conventional ventilation. Acta Orthop Scand. 1995;66(1):17–20. [PubMed: 7863761]
  12. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  13. Akizuki S, Yasukawa Y, Takizawa T. A new method of hemostasis for cementless total knee arthroplasty. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1997;56(4):222–4. [PubMed: 9438084]
  14. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  15. Alemparte J, Johnson G V, Worland R L. et al. Results of simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement: a study of 1208 knees in 604 patients. J South Orthop Assoc. 2002;11(3):153–6. [PubMed: 12539940]
  16. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  17. Alexander R, El-Moalem H E, Gan T J. Comparison of the morphine-sparing effects of diclofenac sodium and ketorolac tromethamine after major orthopedic surgery. J Clin Anesth. 2002;14(3):187–92. [PubMed: 12031750]
  18. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  19. Alibhai A, Saunders D, Johnston D W. et al. Total hip and knee replacement surgeries in Alberta utilization and associated outcomes. Healthc Manage Forum. 2001;14(2):25–32. [PubMed: 11414070]
  20. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  21. Amadio P C, Naessens J M, Rice R L. et al. Effect of feedback on resource use and morbidity in hip and knee arthroplasty in an integrated group practice setting. Mayo Clin Proc. 1996;71(2):127–33. [PubMed: 8577186]
  22. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  23. Anders M J, Lifeso R M, Landis M. et al. Effect of preoperative donation of autologous blood on deep-vein thrombosis following total joint arthroplasty of the hip or knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78(4):574–80. [PubMed: 8609136]
  24. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  25. Anderson D R, Gross M, Robinson K S. et al. Ultrasonographic screening for deep vein thrombosis following arthroplasty fails to reduce posthospital thromboembolic complications: the Postarthroplasty Screening Study (PASS). Chest. 1998;114 (2 Suppl Evidence):119S–22S. [PubMed: 9726705]
  26. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  27. Anderson J G, Wixson R L, Tsai D. et al. Functional outcome and patient satisfaction in total knee patients over the age of 75. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(7):831–40. [PubMed: 8934323]
  28. No baseline symptom scores.
  29. Anonymous. Analyzing functional status data helps hospital improve knee and hip replacements. Data Strateg Benchmarks 1998; 2(10):148–51. [PubMed: 10345354]
  30. Data analysis study.
  31. Anonymous. Comparing compression bandaging and cold therapy in postoperative total knee replacement surgery. Perianesth Ambulatory Surg Nurs Update 2002; 10(4): 51. [PubMed: 11949239]
  32. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  33. Anonymous. Concepts and clinical considerations in articular cartilage -- Part 1. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1998; 28(4):191–261.
  34. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  35. Anonymous. Controlling implant costs with ceiling prices. Or Manager 1998; 14(4):11–5. [PubMed: 10178326]
  36. Cost / economics study.
  37. Anonymous. Elderly knee replacement patients fare better when treated in more experienced hospitals. Res Activities 1999; (224):6.
  38. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  39. Anonymous. Study documents savings from total knee pathway. OR Manager 1998; 14(7):1, 6–7, 9. [PubMed: 10180960]
  40. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  41. Anouchi YS, McShane M, Kelly F Jr, Elting J, Stiehl J. Range of motion in total knee replacement. Clin Orthop 1996; (331):87–92. [PubMed: 8895623]
  42. No baseline symptom scores.
  43. Ansari S, Ackroyd C E, Newman J H. Kinematic posterior cruciate ligament-retaining total knee replacements. A 10-year survivorship study of 445 arthroplasties. Am J Knee Surg. 1998;11(1):9–14. [PubMed: 9533047]
  44. No baseline symptom scores.
  45. Ansari S, Newman J H, Ackroyd C E. St. Georg sledge for medial compartment knee replacement. 461 arthroplasties followed for 4 (1–17) years. Acta Orthop Scand. 1997;68(5):430–4. [PubMed: 9385241]
  46. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  47. Ansari S, Warwick D, Ackroyd C E. et al. Incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism after 1,390 knee arthroplasties without routine prophylactic anticoagulation, except in high-risk cases. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(6):599–602. [PubMed: 9306209]
  48. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  49. Arnbjornsson A H, Ryd L. The use of isolated patellar prostheses in Sweden 1977-1986. Int Orthop. 1998;22(3):141–4. [PMC free article: PMC3619595] [PubMed: 9728303]
  50. Not TKA study.
  51. Bach CM, Nogler M, Steingruber IE, et al. Scoring systems in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2002; (399):184–96. [PubMed: 12011708]
  52. Scoring system validation.
  53. Bach CM, Steingruber IE, Peer S, et al. Radiographic assessment in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2001; (385):144–50. [PubMed: 11302305]
  54. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  55. Back D L, Cannon S R, Hilton A, Bankes M J, Briggs T W. The Kinemax total knee arthroplasty. Nine years' experience. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001;83(3):359–63. [PubMed: 11341420]
  56. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  57. Badhe N, Dewnany G, Livesley P J. Should the patella be replaced in total knee replacement? Int Orthop. 2001;25(2):97–9. [PMC free article: PMC3620637] [PubMed: 11409461]
  58. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  59. Badner N H, Bourne R B, Rorabeck C H. et al. Intra-articular injection of bupivacaine in knee-replacement operations. Results of use for analgesia and for preemptive blockade. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78(5):734–8. [PubMed: 8642030]
  60. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  61. Baldwin J L, El-Saied M R, Rubinstein R A Jr. Uncemented total knee arthroplasty: report of 109 titanium knees with cancellous-structured porous coating. Orthopedics. 1996;19(2):123–30. [PubMed: 8834287]
  62. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  63. Banks S A, Harman M K, Hodge W A. Mechanism of anterior impingement damage in total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002;84-A Suppl 2:37–42. [PubMed: 12479337]
  64. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  65. Barck A L. Agreement among clinical assessment scales for knee replacement surgery. Knee. 1997;4(3):155–8.
  66. Scoring system assessment study.
  67. Barck A L. Can the patient's memory of the timing of pain events replace chart notes? Acta Orthop Belg. 1998;64(1):1–3. [PubMed: 9586243]
  68. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  69. Barck A L. Measurement of clinical change caused by knee replacement. Conventional score or special change indexes? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1999;119(12):76–8. [PubMed: 10076950]
  70. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  71. Barck A L. Minimise outcome measures after knee replacement. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1998;117(8):461–3. [PubMed: 9801782]
  72. Factors associated with outcome evaluation.
  73. Barck A L. Pain and walking as outcome evaluation after knee replacement. Knee. 1997;4(4):193–5.
  74. No baseline symptom scores.
  75. Barck A L. Patient's memory or repeated pain and function scores as index for major clinical change caused by knee replacement? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1997;116(8):484–5. [PubMed: 9352043]
  76. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  77. Bardsley M, Cleary R. Assessing the outcomes of total knee replacement. J Eval Clin Pract. 1999;5(1):47–55. [PubMed: 10468384]
  78. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  79. Barrack RL, Bertot AJ, Wolfe MW, Waldman DA, Milicic M, Myers L. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. A prospective, randomized, double-blind study with five to seven years of follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2001; 83-A(9):1376–81. [PubMed: 11568201]
  80. No baseline symptom scores.
  81. Barrack R L, Hoffman G J, Tejeiro W V. et al. Surgeon work input and risk in primary versus revision total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(3):281–6. [PubMed: 7673905]
  82. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  83. Barrack RL, Schrader T, Bertot AJ, et al. Component rotation and anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2001; (392):46–55. [PubMed: 11716424]
  84. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  85. Barrack RL, Smith P, Munn B, et al. The Ranawat Award. Comparison of surgical approaches in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1998; (356):16–21. [PubMed: 9917662]
  86. Revision study.
  87. Barrack R L, Wolfe M W, Waldman D A, Milicic M, Bertot A J, Myers L. Resurfacing of the patella in total knee arthroplasty. A prospective, randomized, double-blind study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79(8):1121–31. [PubMed: 9278070]
  88. No baseline symptom scores.
  89. Barrett J P, Siviero P. Retrospective study of outcomes in Hyalgan(R)-treated patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Clin Drug Invest. 2002;22(2):87–97. [PubMed: 23315396]
  90. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  91. Barwell J, Anderson G, Hassan A. et al. The effects of early tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomized double-blind study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1997;79(2):265–8. [PubMed: 9119854]
  92. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  93. Bassett R W. Results of 1,000 Performance knees: cementless versus cemented fixation. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(4):409–13. [PubMed: 9645521]
  94. No baseline symptom scores.
  95. Bayley K B, London M R, Grunkemeier G L, Lansky D J. Measuring the success of treatment in patient terms. Med Care. 1995;33(4 Suppl):AS226–35. [PubMed: 7723451]
  96. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  97. Bedi H S, Fletcher S F, Rush J H. et al. An audit of early hospital readmission after primary knee joint replacement. Aust N Z J Surg. 1997;67(6):340–2. [PubMed: 9193269]
  98. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  99. Benezra VI. Electron microscopic investigation of interfaces in materials for orthopedic applications. 1998.
  100. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  101. Benjamin J, Engh G, Parsley B, et al. Morselized bone grafting of defects in revision total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2001; (392):62–7. [PubMed: 11716426]
  102. Revision study.
  103. Benoni G, Carlsson A, Petersson C. et al. Does tranexamic acid reduce blood loss in knee arthroplasty? Am J Knee Surg. 1995;8(3):88–92. [PubMed: 7552611]
  104. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  105. Benroth R, Gawande S. Patient-reported health status in total joint replacement. J Arthroplasty. 1999;14(5):576–80. [PubMed: 10475557]
  106. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  107. Bergenudd H, Sahlstrom A, Sanzen L. Total knee arthroplasty after failed proximal tibial valgus osteotomy. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(6):635–8. [PubMed: 9306213]
  108. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  109. Berger RA, Lyon JH, Jacobs JJ, et al. Problems with cementless total knee arthroplasty at 11 years followup. Clin Orthop 2001; (392):196–207. [PubMed: 11716383]
  110. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  111. Berger R A, Rosenberg A G, Barden R M, Sheinkop M B, Jacobs J J, Galante J O. Long-term followup of the Miller-Galante total knee replacement. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:58–67. [PubMed: 11451133]
  112. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  113. Berman A T, O'Brien J T, Israelite C. Use of the rotating hinge for salvage of the infected total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1996;19(1):73–6. [PubMed: 8771118]
  114. Revision study.
  115. Bierbaum BE, Callaghan JJ, Galante JO, et al. An analysis of blood management in patients having a total hip or knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999; 81(1):2–10. Comment in: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000 Jun;82(6):900–1. [PubMed: 9973048]
  116. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  117. Bierbaum B E, Meehan J P. Blood conservation in total joint arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1998;21(9):989–90. [PubMed: 9769042]
  118. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  119. Birdsall P D, Hayes J H, Cleary R, Pinder I M, Moran C G, Sher J L. Health outcome after total knee replacement in the very elderly. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999;81(4):660–2. [PubMed: 10463740]
  120. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  121. Blanchard J, Meuwly J Y, Leyvraz P F. et al. Prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after total knee replacement. Randomised comparison between a low-molecular-weight heparin (nadroparin) and mechanical prophylaxis with a foot-pump system. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999;81(4):654–9. [PubMed: 10463739]
  122. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  123. Boehm P, Holy T, Pietsch Breitfeld B. et al. Mortality after total knee arthroplasty in patients with osteoarthrosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2000;120(12):75–8. [PubMed: 10653109]
  124. Mortality outcomes data only.
  125. Bogoch E R, Henke M, Mackenzie T. et al. Lumbar paravertebral nerve block in the management of pain after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(4):398–401. [PubMed: 12066266]
  126. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  127. Bohm P, Holy T. Is there a future for hinged prostheses in primary total knee arthroplasty? A 20-year survivorship analysis of the Blauth prosthesis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998;80(2):302–9. [PubMed: 9546466]
  128. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  129. Bohm P, Holy T, Pietsch-Breitfeld B. et al. Mortality after total knee arthroplasty in patients with osteoarthrosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2000;120(12):75–8. [PubMed: 10653109]
  130. Duplicate reference (Boehm 2000).
  131. Bombardier C, Melfi C A, Paul J. et al. Comparison of a generic and a disease-specific measure of pain and physical function after knee replacement surgery. Med Care. 1995;33(4 Suppl):AS131–44. [PubMed: 7723441]
  132. No baseline symptom scores.
  133. Bounameaux H, Miron M J, Blanchard J. et al. Measurement of plasma D-dimer is not useful in the prediction or diagnosis of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1998;9(8):749–52. [PubMed: 9890718]
  134. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  135. Bourne RB, Sibbald WJ, Doig G, et al. The Southwestern Ontario Joint Replacement Pilot Project: electronic point-of-care data collection. Southwestern Ontario Study Group. Can J Surg 2001; 44(3):199–202. Comment in: Can J Surg. 2001 Jun;44(3):166. [PMC free article: PMC3699128] [PubMed: 11407830]
  136. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  137. Bourne R B, Whitewood C N. The role of rotating platform total knee replacements: design considerations, kinematics, and clinical results. J Knee Surg. 2002;15(4):247–53. [PubMed: 12416908]
  138. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  139. Braakman M, Verburg A D, Bronsema G. et al. The outcome of three methods of patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop. 1995;19(1):7–11. [PubMed: 7768664]
  140. No baseline symptom scores.
  141. Bradbury N, Borton D, Spoo G, Cross M J. Participation in sports after total knee replacement. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(4):530–5. [PubMed: 9689373]
  142. No baseline symptom scores.
  143. Brander VA, Malhotra S, Jet J, et al. Outcome of hip and knee arthroplasty in persons aged 80 years and older. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):67–78. [PubMed: 9418623]
  144. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  145. Brandis S, Murtagh S, Solia R. The Allied Health BONE (Best Orthopaedic New Enterprise) team: an interdisciplinary approach to orthopaedic early discharge and admission prevention. Aust Health Rev. 1998;21(3):211–22. [PubMed: 10185687]
  146. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  147. Brassard M F, Insall J N, Scuderi G R, Colizza W. Does modularity affect clinical success? A comparison with a minimum 10-year followup. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:26–32. [PubMed: 11451128]
  148. No baseline symptom scores.
  149. Buechel F F Sr, Buechel F F Jr, Pappas M J. et al. Twenty-year evaluation of meniscal bearing and rotating platform knee replacements. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:41–50. [PubMed: 11451131]
  150. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  151. Buechel Sr FF. Long-term followup after mobile-bearing total knee replacement. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):40–50. [PubMed: 12439236]
  152. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  153. Buehler K O, Venn-Watson E, D'Lima D D, Colwell C W Jr. The press-fit condylar total knee system: 8- to 10-year results with a posterior cruciate-retaining design. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(6):698–701. [PubMed: 11021444]
  154. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  155. Bugbee W D, Ammeen D J, Engh G A. Does implant selection affect outcome of revision knee arthroplasty? J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(5):581–5. [PubMed: 11503117]
  156. Revision study.
  157. Bugbee W D, Ammeen D J, Parks N L, Engh G A. 4- to 10-year results with the anatomic modular total knee. Clin Orthop. 1998;348:158–65. [PubMed: 9553548]
  158. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  159. Byrne J M, Gage W H, Prentice S D. Bilateral lower limb strategies used during a step-up task in individuals who have undergone unilateral total knee arthroplasty. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2002;17(8):580–5. [PMC free article: PMC225638] [PubMed: 12243717]
  160. Biomechanics study.
  161. Byrne J M, Prentice S D, Gage W H. A kinetic analysis of a stepping task following total knee arthroplasty. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2000;108(12):4.
  162. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  163. Calder J D, Ashwood N, Hollingdale J P. Survivorship analysis of the 'Performance' total knee replacement--7-year follow-up. Int Orthop. 1999;23(2):100–3. [PMC free article: PMC3619793] [PubMed: 10422025]
  164. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  165. Callaghan J J, Squire M W, Goetz D D, Sullivan P M, Johnston R C. Cemented rotating-platform total knee replacement. A nine to twelve-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000;82(5):705–11. [PubMed: 10819281]
  166. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  167. Cameron H U. Clinical and radiologic effects of diaphyseal stem extension in noncemented total knee replacement. Can J Surg. 1995;38(1):45–50. [PubMed: 7882209]
  168. No baseline symptom scores.
  169. Cameron H U. HA versus grit blast tibial components in total knee replacement. Acta Orthop Belg. 1997;63 Suppl 1:47–9. [PubMed: 9532853]
  170. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  171. Cameron H U, Park Y S. Total knee replacement following high tibial osteotomy and unicompartmental knee. Orthopedics. 1996;19(9):807–8. [PubMed: 8887430]
  172. No baseline symptom scores.
  173. Cameron U, Pedersen P U. Postoperative use of anti-embolism stockings -- patient's use, -- practice and -- information. Vard I Norden Nurs Sci Res Nordic Countries. 1999;19(1):11–7.
  174. Thromboembolism study.
  175. Campbell D G, Mintz A D, Stevenson T M. Early patellofemoral revision following total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(3):287–91. [PubMed: 7673906]
  176. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  177. Campbell M L, Gregory A M, Mauerhan D R. Collection of surgical specimens in total joint arthroplasty. Is routine pathology cost effective? J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(1):60–3. [PubMed: 9021503]
  178. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  179. Capraro L. Transfusion practices in primary total joint replacements in Finland. Vox Sang. 1998;75(1):1–6. [PubMed: 9745146]
  180. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  181. Casha J N, Hadden W A. Suture reaction following skin closure with subcuticular polydioxanone in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(7):859–61. [PubMed: 8934328]
  182. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  183. Caveney B J, Caveney R A. Implications of patient selection and surgical technique for primary total knee arthroplasty. W V Med J. 1996;92(3):128–32. [PubMed: 8830450]
  184. Patient selection study.
  185. Chen A L, Mujtaba M, Zuckerman J D. et al. Midterm clinical and radiographic results with the genesis I total knee prosthesis. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(8):1055–62. [PubMed: 11740763]
  186. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  187. Chin K R, Dalury D F, Zurakowski D. et al. Intraoperative measurements of male and female distal femurs during primary total knee arthroplasty. J Knee Surg. 2002;15(4):213–7. [PubMed: 12416902]
  188. Femur measurements study.
  189. Chitnavis J, Sinsheimer J S, Clipsham K. et al. Genetic influences in end-stage osteoarthritis. Sibling risks of hip and knee replacement for idiopathic osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1997;79(4):660–4. [PubMed: 9250761]
  190. Genetics study.
  191. Chiu FY, Chen CM, Lin CF, et al. Cefuroxime-impregnated cement in primary total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized study of three hundred and forty knees. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002; 84-A(5):759–62. [PubMed: 12004017]
  192. Infection / antibiotics study.
  193. Chmell M J, Scott R D. Balancing the posterior cruciate ligament during cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty: Description of the POLO test. J Orthop Tech. 1996;4(1):12–5.
  194. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  195. Cho S, Sakakibara J, Mori Y. Total knee arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Results and complications. J Orthop Surg. 1996;4(1):23–9.
  196. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  197. Chockalingam S, Scott G. The outcome of cemented vs. cementless fixation of a femoral component in total knee replacement (TKR) with the identification of radiological signs for the prediction of failure. Knee. 2000;7(4):233–8. [PubMed: 11104915]
  198. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  199. Christie MJ, DeBoer DK, McQueen DA, et al. Salvage procedures for failed total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2003; 85-A Suppl 1:S58–62. [PubMed: 12540671]
  200. Revision study.
  201. Claeys M, Mosher C, Reesman D. The POP program: the patient education advantage... progressive orthopaedic program. Orthop Nurs. 1998;17(4):37–47. [PubMed: 9814336]
  202. Patient education.
  203. Clarke H D, Scott W N. Mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty. J Knee Surg. 2002;15(4):235–9. [PubMed: 12416906]
  204. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  205. Clarke M T, Green J S, Harper W M. et al. Cement as a risk factor for deep-vein thrombosis. Comparison of cemented TKR, uncemented TKR and cemented THR. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998;80(4):611–3. [PubMed: 9699821]
  206. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  207. Clayton J. Arthritis and total knee replacement. Surg Technol. 1995;27(8):7–11.
  208. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  209. Cloutier J M, Sabouret P, Deghrar A. Total knee arthroplasty with retention of both cruciate ligaments. A nine to eleven-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1999;81(5):697–702. [PubMed: 10360698]
  210. Duplicate publication.
  211. Colizza WA, Insall JN, Scuderi GR. The posterior stabilized total knee prosthesis. Assessment of polyethylene damage and osteolysis after a ten-year-minimum follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1995; 77(11):1713–20. Comment in: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996 Sep;78(9):1446–7. PMID: 8816665. [PubMed: 7593082]
  212. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  213. Collier J P, Sperling D K, Currier J H. et al. Impact of gamma sterilization on clinical performance of polyethylene in the knee. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(4):377–89. [PubMed: 8792243]
  214. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  215. Colwell CW Jr, Spiro TE, Trowbridge AA, et al. Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin for prevention of deep venous thrombosis after elective knee arthroplasty. Enoxaparin Clinical Trial Group. Clin Orthop 1995; (321):19–27. [PubMed: 7497668]
  216. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  217. Corpe R S, Gallentine J W, Young T R. et al. Complications in total knee arthroplasty with and without surgical drainage. J South Orthop Assoc. 2000;9(3):207–12. [PubMed: 12135304]
  218. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  219. Coyte P C, Hawker G, Croxford R. et al. Rates of revision knee replacement in Ontario, Canada. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1999;81(6):773–82. [PubMed: 10391542]
  220. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  221. Crutchfield J, Zimmerman L, Nieveen J. et al. Preoperative and postoperative pain in total knee replacement patients. Orthop Nurs. 1996;15(2):65–72. [PubMed: 8788613]
  222. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  223. Daltroy L H, Morlino C I, Eaton H M. et al. Preoperative education for total hip and knee replacement patients. Arthritis Care Res. 1998;11(6):469–78. [PubMed: 10030179]
  224. No baseline symptom scores.
  225. Dalury D F, Ewald F C, Christie M J, Scott R D. Total knee arthroplasty in a group of patients less than 45 years of age. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(5):598–602. [PubMed: 9273369]
  226. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  227. Davies A P. Rating systems for total knee replacement. Knee. 2002;9(4):261–6. [PubMed: 12424032]
  228. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  229. Dawson J, Fitzpatrick R, Murray D. et al. Questionnaire on the perceptions of patients about total knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998;80(1):63–9. [PubMed: 9460955]
  230. Scoring system validation.
  231. Dejour D, Deschamps G, Garotta L, Dejour H. Laxity in posterior cruciate sparing and posterior stabilized total knee prostheses. Clin Orthop. 1999;364:182–93. [PubMed: 10416408]
  232. No baseline symptom scores.
  233. De Leeuw J M, Villar R N. Obesity and quality of life after primary total knee replacement. Knee. 1998;5(2):119–23.
  234. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  235. Dellon AL, Mont MA, Mullick T, et al. Partial denervation for persistent neuroma pain around the knee. Clin Orthop 1996; (329):216–22. [PubMed: 8769455]
  236. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  237. Dieppe P, Chard J, Lohmander S, et al. Osteoarthritis. Clin Evid 2002; (7):1071–90. [PubMed: 12230728]
  238. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  239. Dorr L D. Fixation of the millennium: the knee. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17 (4 Suppl 1):6–8. [PubMed: 12068393]
  240. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  241. Douketis J D, Eikelboom J W, Quinlan D J. et al. Short-duration prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after total hip or knee replacement: a meta-analysis of prospective studies investigating symptomatic outcomes. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(13):1465–71. [PubMed: 12090882]
  242. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  243. Dowsey M M, Kilgour M L, Santamaria N M. et al. Clinical pathways in hip and knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomised controlled study. Med J Aust. 1999;170(2):59–62. [PubMed: 10026684]
  244. Clinical pathways study.
  245. Drinkwater C J, Neil M J. Optimal timing of wound drain removal following total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(2):185–9. [PubMed: 7798099]
  246. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  247. Dunbar M J. Subjective outcomes after knee arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl. 2001;72(301):1–63. [PubMed: 11484439]
  248. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  249. Dunbar M J, Robertsson O, Ryd L. et al. Appropriate questionnaires for knee arthroplasty. Results of a survey of 3600 patients from The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Registry. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001;83(3):339–44. [PubMed: 11341416]
  250. No baseline symptom scores.
  251. Dunbar M J, Robertsson O, Ryd L. et al. Translation and validation of the Oxford-12 item knee score for use in Sweden. Acta Orthop Scand. 2000;71(3):268–74. [PubMed: 10919298]
  252. No baseline symptom scores.
  253. Edwards T B, D'Ambrosia R D. Fracture of a three peg, nonmetal-backed, polyethylene patellar component. Orthopedics. 2002;25(8):856–7. [PubMed: 12195914]
  254. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  255. Eggers K A, Jenkins B J, Power I. Effect of oral and i.v. tenoxicam in postoperative pain after total knee replacement. Br J Anaesth. 1999;83(6):876–81. [PubMed: 10700786]
  256. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  257. Emerson RH Jr, Ayers C, Head WC, et al. Surgical closing in primary total knee arthroplasties: flexion versus extension. Clin Orthop 1996; (331):74–80. [PubMed: 8895621]
  258. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  259. Emerson RH Jr, Ayers C, Higgins LL. Surgical closing in total knee arthroplasty: A series followup. Clin Orthop 1999; -(368):176–81. [PubMed: 10613166]
  260. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  261. Emerson R H Jr, Higgins L L, Head W C. The AGC total knee prosthesis at average 11 years. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(4):418–23. [PubMed: 10884199]
  262. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  263. Emmerson K P, Moran C G, Pinder I M. Survivorship analysis of the Kinematic Stabilizer total knee replacement: a 10- to 14-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996;78(3):441–5. [PubMed: 8636183]
  264. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  265. Engh GA, Ammeen D. Session II: Polyethylene wear. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):71–4. [PubMed: 12439240]
  266. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  267. Engh G A, Ammeen D J. Periprosthetic fractures adjacent to total knee implants: Treatment and clinical results. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79(7):1100–13. [PubMed: 9571445]
  268. Fractures study.
  269. Engh G A, Holt B T, Parks N L. A midvastus muscle-splitting approach for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(3):322–31. [PubMed: 9113548]
  270. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  271. Engh GA, Parks NL, Ammeen DJ. Influence of surgical approach on lateral retinacular releases in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1996; (331):56–63. Comment in: Clin Orthop. 1997 Jul;(340):284. [PubMed: 8895619]
  272. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  273. Espley A J, Hill J, Hadden W A. A model for arthroplasty audit in a district general hospital. J R Coll Surg Edinburgh. 1998;43(3):209–10.
  274. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  275. Etches R C, Warriner C B, Badner N. et al. Continuous intravenous administration of ketorolac reduces pain and morphine consumption after total hip or knee arthroplasty. Anesth Analg. 1995;81(6):1175–80. [PubMed: 7486100]
  276. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  277. Falatyn S, Lachiewicz PF, Wilson FC. Survivorship analysis of cemented total condylar knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1995; (317):178–84. [PubMed: 7671474]
  278. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  279. Faraj A A, Nevelos A B, Nair A. A 4- to 10-year follow-up study of the Tricon-M noncemented total knee replacement. Orthopedics. 2001;24(12):1151–4. [PubMed: 11770092]
  280. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  281. Faris P M, Ritter M A, Abels R I. The effects of recombinant human erythropoietin on perioperative transfusion requirements in patients having a major orthopaedic operation. The American Erythropoietin Study Group. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78(1):62–72. [PubMed: 8550681]
  282. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  283. Fehring TK. Rotational malalignment of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2000; (380):72–9. [PubMed: 11064975]
  284. No baseline symptom scores.
  285. Fehring T K, Odum S, Griffin W L. et al. Patella inversion method for exposure in revision total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(1):101–4. [PubMed: 11805933]
  286. Revision study.
  287. Felix NA, Stuart MJ, Hanssen AD. Periprosthetic fractures of the tibia associated with total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):113–24. [PubMed: 9418628]
  288. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  289. Fetzer G B, Callaghan J J, Templeton J E, Goetz D D, Sullivan P M, Kelley S S. Posterior cruciate-retaining modular total knee arthroplasty: A 9- to 12-year follow-up investigation. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(8):961–6. [PubMed: 12478504]
  290. No baseline symptom scores.
  291. Fisher DA, Trimble S, Clapp B, et al. Effect of a patient management system on outcomes of total hip and knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):155–60. [PubMed: 9418633]
  292. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  293. Font-Rodriguez DE, Scuderi GR, Insall JN. Survivorship of cemented total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):79–86. [PubMed: 9418624]
  294. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  295. Forrest G, Fuchs M, Gutierrez A. et al. Factors affecting length of stay and need for rehabilitation after hip and knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(2):186–90. [PubMed: 9526212]
  296. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  297. Forster M C, Kothari P, Howard P W. Minimum 5-year follow-up and radiologic analysis of the all-polyethylene tibial component of the Kinemax Plus system. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(2):196–200. [PubMed: 11847619]
  298. No baseline symptom scores.
  299. Fortin P R, Penrod J R, Clarke A E. et al. Timing of total joint replacement affects clinical outcomes among patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46(12):3327–30. [PubMed: 12483739]
  300. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  301. Francis C W, Pellegrini V D Jr, Leibert K M. et al. Comparison of two warfarin regimens in the prevention of venous thrombosis following total knee replacement. Thromb Haemost. 1996;75(5):706–11. [PubMed: 8725709]
  302. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  303. Freeman M A. The role of longitudinal tibial rotation in the replaced knee. Acta Orthop Belg. 1998;64 Suppl 2:64–9. [PubMed: 9922532]
  304. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  305. Fryzek J P, Ye W, Signorello L B. et al. Incidence of cancer among patients with knee implants in Sweden, 1980-1994. Cancer. 2002;94(11):3057–62. [PubMed: 12115397]
  306. Cancer outcomes.
  307. Furnes O, Espehaug B, Lie S A. et al. Early failures among 7,174 primary total knee replacements: a follow-up study from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register 1994-2000. Acta Orthop Scand. 2002;73(2):117–29. [PubMed: 12079006]
  308. No baseline symptom scores.
  309. Garino J P, Lotke P A, Kitziger K J. et al. Deep venous thrombosis after total joint arthroplasty. The role of compression ultrasonography and the importance of the experience of the technician. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78(9):1359–65. [PubMed: 8816651]
  310. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  311. Gill G S, Joshi A B. Long-term results of Kinematic Condylar knee replacement. An analysis of 404 knees. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001;83(3):355–8. [PubMed: 11341419]
  312. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  313. Glaser D, Lotke P. Cost-effectiveness of immediate postoperative radiographs after uncomplicated total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective and prospective study of 750 patients. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(4):475–8. [PubMed: 10884208]
  314. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  315. Goldstein WM, Branson JJ, Berland K. Posterior medial capsular release and external rotation of the tibia to enhance exposure during total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002; 84-A Suppl 2:105–8. [PubMed: 12479347]
  316. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  317. Golubtsov B V, Di Paola M, Baldwin E. et al. Pre-operative orthopaedic assessment clinic for major joint replacement operations: an assessment of value. Health Bull. 1998;56(3):648–52.
  318. Assessment clinic study.
  319. Green D, Lawler M, Rosen M. et al. Recombinant human erythropoietin: effect on the functional performance of anemic orthopedic patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996;77(3):242–6. [PubMed: 8600865]
  320. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  321. Greenfield M A, Insall J N, Case G C. et al. Instrumentation of the patellar osteotomy in total knee arthroplasty. The relationship of patellar thickness and lateral retinacular release. Am J Knee Surg. 1996;9(3):129–31. [PubMed: 8836354]
  322. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  323. Grelsamer R P. Patellofemoral arthroplasty. Tech Orthop. 1997;12(3):200–4.
  324. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  325. Gruber G, Schlechta C, Sturz H. Ten-year follow-up of a bicondylar unlinked knee endoprosthesis with particular reference to mid-term results. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1998;117(67):316–23. [PubMed: 9709843]
  326. No baseline symptom scores.
  327. Gunter N, Huang Y, Moore L. et al. Prophylactic antibiotic project. J S C Med Assoc. 1997;93(5):174–6. [PubMed: 9167390]
  328. Infection / antibiotics study.
  329. Hamulyak K, Lensing A W, van der Meer J. et al. Subcutaneous low-molecular weight heparin or oral anticoagulants for the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis in elective hip and knee replacement? Fraxiparine Oral Anticoagulant Study Group. Thromb Haemost. 1995;74(6):1428–31. [PubMed: 8772214]
  330. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  331. Han C D, Shin D E. Postoperative blood salvage and reinfusion after total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(5):511–6. [PubMed: 9268790]
  332. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  333. Hanchett M, Enright C. Revising outcome measures for an established pathway. Hosp Case Manag 2000; 8(12):183–6, 178. [PubMed: 11125922]
  334. Clinical pathways study.
  335. Hanssen A D, Osmon D R, Nelson C L. Prevention of deep periprosthetic joint infection. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78(3):458–71. [PubMed: 9143999]
  336. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  337. Harner C. Musculoskeletal Q & A. Restoring mobility after knee arthroplasty. J Musculoskeletal Med. 1999;16(11):618.
  338. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  339. Harry L E, Nolan J F, Elender F. et al. Who gets priority? Waiting list assessment using a scoring system. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2000;82 (6 Suppl):186–8. [PubMed: 10911758]
  340. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  341. Hartford J M, Hunt T, Kaufer H. Low contact stress mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty: results at 5 to 13 years. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(8):977–83. [PubMed: 11740751]
  342. No baseline symptom scores.
  343. Hartley R C, Barton-Hanson N G, Finley R, Parkinson R W. Early patient outcomes after primary and revision total knee arthroplasty. A prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2002;84(7):994–9. [PubMed: 12358393]
  344. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  345. Hatzidakis A M, Mendlick R M, McKillip T. et al. Preoperative autologous donation for total joint arthroplasty. An analysis of risk factors for allogenic transfusion. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000;82(1):89–100. [PubMed: 10653088]
  346. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  347. Havelin L, Engesaeter L B, Espehaug B. et al. The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register: 11 years and 73,000 arthroplasties. Acta Orthop Scand. 2000;71(4):337–53. [PubMed: 11028881]
  348. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  349. Hawker G. Total Knee Replacement PORT publishes recent findings. Res Activities 1996; (194):8–9.
  350. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  351. Hawker G, Melfi C, Paul J. et al. Comparison of a generic (SF-36) and a disease specific (WOMAC) (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) instrument in the measurement of outcomes after knee replacement surgery. J Rheumatol. 1995;22(6):1193–6. [PubMed: 7674255]
  352. No baseline symptom scores.
  353. Hawker G, Schemitsch E, Lineker S. Long-term care after knee replacement: the primary care physician's role. J Musculoskeletal Med 1997; 14(4):53–6, 59–60.
  354. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  355. Hawker G A, Coyte P C, Wright J G. et al. Accuracy of administrative data for assessing outcomes after knee replacement surgery. J Clin Epidemiol. 1997;50(3):265–73. [PubMed: 9120525]
  356. Database study.
  357. Healy WL, Iorio R, Richards JA. Opportunities for control of hospital cost for total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):140–7. [PubMed: 9418631]
  358. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  359. Healy W L, Wasilewski S A, Takei R. et al. Patellofemoral complications following total knee arthroplasty. Correlation with implant design and patient risk factors. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(2):197–201. [PubMed: 7798101]
  360. No baseline symptom scores.
  361. Heck D A, Melfi C A, Mamlin L A. et al. Revision rates after knee replacement in the United States. Med Care. 1998;36(5):661–9. [PubMed: 9596057]
  362. Revision study.
  363. Heit J A, Berkowitz S D, Bona R. et al. Efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin (ardeparin sodium) compared to warfarin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement surgery: a double-blind, dose-ranging study. Ardeparin Arthroplasty Study Group. Thromb Haemost. 1997;77(1):32–8. [PubMed: 9031445]
  364. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  365. Heit JA, Elliott CG, Trowbridge AA, et al. Ardeparin sodium for extended out-of-hospital prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after total hip or knee replacement. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132( 11):853–61. Comment in: Ann Intern Med. 2000 Jun 6; 132(11):914–5. [PubMed: 10836911]
  366. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  367. Hernandez-Vaquero D, Alvarez-Gonzalez U J, Fernandez-Corona C. et al. Patellar complications after total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop. 1996;20(2):103–6. [PubMed: 8739703]
  368. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  369. Herrick I A, Ganapathy S, Komar W. et al. Postoperative cognitive impairment in the elderly. Choice of patient-controlled analgesia opioid. Anaesthesia. 1996;51(4):356–60. [PubMed: 8686825]
  370. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  371. Hewitt B, Shakespeare D. Flexion vs. extension: a comparison of post-operative total knee arthroplasty mobilisation regimes. Knee. 2001;8(4):305–9. [PubMed: 11706693]
  372. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  373. Hofmann A A, Evanich J D, Ferguson R P, Camargo M P. Ten- to 14-year clinical followup of the cementless Natural Knee system. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:85–94. [PubMed: 11451137]
  374. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  375. Hofmann A A, Tkach T K, Evanich C J. et al. Posterior stabilization in total knee arthroplasty with use of an ultracongruent polyethylene insert. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(5):576–83. [PubMed: 10959995]
  376. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  377. Holt B T, Parks N L, Engh G A. et al. Comparison of closed-suction drainage and no drainage after primary total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1997;20(12):1121–4. [PubMed: 9415907]
  378. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  379. Hsu R W, Fan G F, Ho W P. A follow-up study of porous-coated anatomic knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(1):29–36. [PubMed: 7730827]
  380. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  381. Huang CH, Cheng CK, Lee YT, et al. Muscle strength after successful total knee replacement: a 6- to 13-year followup. Clin Orthop 1996; (328):147–54. [PubMed: 8653948]
  382. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  383. Hubbard R C, Naumann T M, Traylor L. et al. Parecoxib sodium has opioid-sparing effects in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2003;90(2):166–72. [PubMed: 12538372]
  384. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  385. Hui A C, Heras-Palou C, Dunn I. et al. Graded compression stockings for prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after hip and knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996;78(4):550–4. [PubMed: 8682818]
  386. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  387. Hull R D, Raskob G E, Pineo G F. et al. Subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin vs warfarin for prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis after hip or knee implantation. An economic perspective. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(3):298–303. [PubMed: 9040296]
  388. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  389. Iorio R, Healy W L, Kirven F M. et al. Knee implant standardization: an implant selection and cost reduction program. Am J Knee Surg. 1998;11(2):73–9. [PubMed: 9586735]
  390. Cost / economics study.
  391. Iorio R, Healy WL, Patch DA, et al. The role of bladder catheterization in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2000; (380):80–4. [PubMed: 11064976]
  392. Catheterization study.
  393. Iorio R, Healy W L, Richards J A. Comparison of the hospital cost of primary and revision total knee arthroplasty after cost containment. Orthopedics. 1999;22(2):195–9. [PubMed: 10037333]
  394. No baseline symptom scores.
  395. Ip D, Wu W C, Tsang W L. Comparison of two total knee prostheses on the incidence of patella clunk syndrome. Int Orthop. 2002;26(1):48–51. [PMC free article: PMC3620851] [PubMed: 11954850]
  396. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  397. Ireson C L. Critical pathways: effectiveness in achieving patient outcomes. J Nurs Adm. 1997;27(6):16–23. [PubMed: 9204043]
  398. Clinical pathways study.
  399. Ishii Y, Ohmori G, Bechtold JE, et al. Extramedullary versus intramedullary alignment guides in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1995; (318):167–75. [PubMed: 7671512]
  400. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  401. Itokazu M, Masuda K, Wada E. et al. Influence of anteroposterior and mediolateral instability on range of motion after total knee arthroplasty: an ultrasonographic study. Orthopedics. 2000;23(1):49–52. [PubMed: 10642001]
  402. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  403. Jacobs JJ, Silverton C, Hallab NJ, et al. Metal release and excretion from cementless titanium alloy total knee replacements. Clin Orthop 1999; (358):173–80. [PubMed: 9973989]
  404. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  405. Jamison R N, Ross M J, Hoopman P. et al. Assessment of postoperative pain management: patient satisfaction and perceived helpfulness. Clin J Pain. 1997;13(3):229–36. [PubMed: 9303255]
  406. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  407. Janecek M, Bucek P. PFC modular total knee replacement system - Middle term results. Ortop Traumatol Rehab. 2002;4(3):360–5. [PubMed: 19776441]
  408. Non-English language paper.
  409. Jarolem K L, Scott D F, Jaffe W L. et al. A comparison of blood loss and transfusion requirements in total knee arthroplasty with and without arterial tourniquet. Am J Orthop. 1995;24(12):906–9. [PubMed: 8776080]
  410. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  411. Jensen C H, Rofail S. Knee injury and obesity in patients undergoing total knee replacement: a retrospective study in 115 patients. J Orthop Sci. 1999;4(1):5–7. [PubMed: 9914422]
  412. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  413. Jessup D E, Worland R L, Clelland C. et al. Restoration of limb alignment in total knee arthroplasty: evaluation and methods. J South Orthop Assoc. 1997;6(1):37–47. [PubMed: 9090623]
  414. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  415. Jester R, Russell L, Fell S, Williams S, Prest C. A one hospital study of the effect of wound dressings and other related factors on skin blistering following total hip and knee arthroplasty. J Orthop Nurs. 2000;4(2):71–7.
  416. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  417. Jones C A, Voaklander D C, Johnston D W, Suarez-Almazor M E. Health related quality of life outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasties in a community based population. J Rheumatol. 2000;27(7):1745–52. [PubMed: 10914862]
  418. Dual publication (Jones, Arch Int Med 2001)
  419. Jones R E. Management of complex revision problems with a modular total knee system. Orthopedics. 1996;19(9):802–4. [PubMed: 8887428]
  420. Revision study.
  421. Jordan L R, Dowd J E, Olivo J L. et al. The clinical history of mobile-bearing patella components in total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 2002;25 (2 Suppl):s247–50. [PubMed: 11866161]
  422. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  423. Jordan LR, Siegel JL, Olivo JL. Early flexion routine. An alternative method of continuous passive motion. Clin Orthop 1995; (315):231–3. [PubMed: 7634672]
  424. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  425. Joshi A B, Gill G. Total knee arthroplasty in nonagenarians. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(6):681–4. [PubMed: 12216019]
  426. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  427. Kageyama Y, Miyamoto S, Ozeki T. et al. Outcomes for patients undergoing one or more total hip and knee arthroplasties. Clin Rheumatol. 1998;17(2):130–4. [PubMed: 9641510]
  428. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  429. Kanekasu K, Yamakado K, Hayashi H. The clamp fixation method in cemented total knee arthroplasty. Dynamic experimental and radiographic studies of the tibial baseplate clamper. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1997;56(4):218–21. [PubMed: 9438083]
  430. Clamp fixation study.
  431. Kaper B P, Smith P N, Bourne R B, Rorabeck C H, Robertson D. Medium-term results of a mobile bearing total knee replacement. Clin Orthop. 1999;367:201–9. [PubMed: 10546616]
  432. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  433. Kaper B P, Woolfrey M, Bourne R B. The effect of built-in external femoral rotation on patellofemoral tracking in the genesis II total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(8):964–9. [PubMed: 11112188]
  434. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  435. Karst G M, Boonyawiroj E B, Hald R D. et al. Physical therapy intervention and functional ambulation outcomes for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Issues Aging. 1995;18(1):5–9.
  436. Physical therapy study.
  437. Katz B P, Freund D A, Heck D A. et al. Demographic variation in the rate of knee replacement: a multi-year analysis. Health Serv Res. 1996;31(2):125–40. [PMC free article: PMC1070109] [PubMed: 8675435]
  438. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  439. Kawakubo M, Matsumoto H, Otani T. et al. Radiographic changes in the patella after total knee arthroplasty without resurfacing the patella. Comparison of osteoarthrosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1997;56(4):237–44. [PubMed: 9438087]
  440. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  441. Keating E M, Faris P M, Meding J B. et al. Comparison of the midvastus muscle-splitting approach with the median parapatellar approach in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1999;14(1):29–32. [PubMed: 9926949]
  442. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  443. Keating EM, Meding JB, Faris PM, et al. Long-term followup of nonmodular total knee replacements. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):34–9. [PubMed: 12439235]
  444. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  445. Keating EM, Meding JB, Faris PM, et al. Predictors of transfusion risk in elective knee surgery. Clin Orthop 1998; (357):50–9. [PubMed: 9917700]
  446. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  447. Kelly K D, Voaklander D, Kramer G. et al. The impact of health status on waiting time for major joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(7):877–83. [PubMed: 11061448]
  448. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  449. Kelly MA, Clarke HD. Long-term results of posterior cruciate-substituting total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):51–7. [PubMed: 12439237]
  450. No baseline symptom scores.
  451. Kelly M H, Ackerman R M. Total joint arthroplasty: a comparison of postacute settings on patient functional outcomes. Orthop Nurs. 1999;18(5):75–84. [PubMed: 11052054]
  452. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  453. Kelly M H, Tilbury M S, Ackerman R M. Evaluation of fiscal and treatment outcomes in major joint replacement. Outcomes Manage Nurs Pract. 2000;4(1):46–50. [PubMed: 11029943]
  454. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  455. Kendall S J, Singer G C, Briggs T W. et al. A functional analysis of massive knee replacement after extra-articular resections of primary bone tumors. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(6):754–60. [PubMed: 11021451]
  456. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  457. Khan A, Emberson J, Dowd G S. Standardized mortality ratios and fatal pulmonary embolism rates following total knee replacement: a cohort of 936 consecutive cases. J Knee Surg. 2002;15(4):219–22. [PubMed: 12416903]
  458. Mortality outcomes only.
  459. Khaw F M, Kirk L M, Gregg P J. Survival analysis of cemented Press-Fit Condylar total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(2):161–7. [PubMed: 11222888]
  460. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  461. Khaw F M, Kirk L M, Morris R W. et al. A randomised, controlled trial of cemented versus cementless press-fit condylar total knee replacement. Ten-year survival analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2002;84(5):658–66. [PubMed: 12188480]
  462. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  463. Kiebzak G M, Vain P A, Gregory A M. et al. SF-36 general health status survey to determine patient satisfaction at short-term follow-up after total hip and knee arthroplasty. J South Orthop Assoc. 1997;6(3):169–72. [PubMed: 9322195]
  464. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  465. Kikuchi H, Tan A, Nonaka T. et al. Comparison of intravenous and subcutaneous erythropoietin therapy for preoperative acquisition of blood for autologous transfusion in patients undergoing total arthroplasty. J Ortop Sci. 1997;2(2):84–7.
  466. No baseline symptom scores.
  467. Kim YH, Cho SH, Kim RS. Drainage versus nondrainage in simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasties. Clin Orthop 1998; (347):188–93. [PubMed: 9520888]
  468. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  469. Kim Y H, Kook H K, Kim J S. Comparison of fixed-bearing and mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasties. Clin Orthop. 2001;392:101–15. [PubMed: 11716371]
  470. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  471. Kirk Sanchez N J, Roach K E. Relationship between duration of therapy services in a comprehensive rehabilitation program and mobility at discharge in patients with orthopedic problems. Phys Ther. 2001;81(3):888–95. [PubMed: 11268153]
  472. Rehabilitation study.
  473. Knight J L, Gorai P A, Atwater R D. et al. Tibial polyethylene failure after primary porous-coated anatomic total knee arthroplasty. Aids to diagnosis and revision. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(6):748–57. [PubMed: 8749756]
  474. No baseline symptom scores.
  475. Knight J L, Sherer D, Guo J. Blood transfusion strategies for total knee arthroplasty: minimizing autologous blood wastage, risk of homologous blood transfusion, and transfusion cost. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(1):70–6. [PubMed: 9493540]
  476. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  477. Knight R M, Pellegrini V D Jr. Bladder management after total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(8):882–8. [PubMed: 8986564]
  478. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  479. Ko P S, Tio M K, Tang Y K. et al. Sealing the intramedullary femoral canal with autologous bone plug in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2003;18(1):6–9. [PubMed: 12555175]
  480. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  481. Kocher MS, Erens G, Thornhill TS, et al. Cost and effectiveness of routine pathological examination of operative specimens obtained during primary total hip and knee replacement in patients with osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82-A(11):1531–5. [PubMed: 11097439]
  482. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  483. Kovacik M W, Singri P, Khanna S. et al. Medical and financial aspects of same-day bilateral total knee arthroplasties. Biomed Sci Instrum. 1997;33:429–34. [PubMed: 9731398]
  484. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  485. Kraay MJ, Darr OJ, Salata MJ, et al. Outcome of metal-backed cementless patellar components: the effect of implant design. Clin Orthop 2001; (392):239–44. [PubMed: 11716389]
  486. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  487. Kreder H J, Williams J I, Jaglal S. et al. A population study in the Province of Ontario of the complications after conversion of hip or knee arthrodesis to total joint replacement. Can J Surg. 1999;42(6):433–9. [PMC free article: PMC3795135] [PubMed: 10593244]
  488. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  489. Kreibich DN, Vaz M, Bourne RB, et al. What is the best way of assessing outcome after total knee replacement? Clin Orthop 1996; (331):221–5. [PubMed: 8895642]
  490. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  491. Kulkarni S K, Freeman M A, Poal-Manresa J C. et al. The patello-femoral joint in total knee arthroplasty: is the design of the trochlea the critical factor? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2001;9 Suppl 1:S8–12. [PubMed: 11354868]
  492. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  493. Kulkarni S K, Freeman M A, Poal-Manresa J C. et al. The patellofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty: is the design of the trochlea the critical factor? J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(4):424–9. [PubMed: 10884200]
  494. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  495. Kumar N, Saleh J, Gardiner E. et al. Plugging the intramedullary canal of the femur in total knee arthroplasty: reduction in postoperative blood loss. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(7):947–9. [PubMed: 11061459]
  496. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  497. Kurdy N M. Transfusion needs in hip and knee arthroplasty. Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1996;85(1):86–9. [PubMed: 8739940]
  498. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  499. Lachiewicz PF. The role of continuous passive motion after total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2000; (380):144–50. [PubMed: 11064984]
  500. Continuous passive motion study.
  501. Lane GJ, Hozack WJ, Shah S, et al. Simultaneous bilateral versus unilateral total knee arthroplasty. Outcomes analysis. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):106–12. [PubMed: 9418627]
  502. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  503. Lang C E. Comparison of 6- and 7-day physical therapy coverage on length of stay and discharge outcome for individuals with total hip and knee arthroplasty. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;28(1):15–22. [PubMed: 9653686]
  504. Physical therapy study.
  505. Larcom PG, Lotke PA, Steinberg ME, et al. Magnetic resonance venography versus contrast venography to diagnose thrombosis after joint surgery. Clin Orthop 1996; (331):209–15. [PubMed: 8895640]
  506. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  507. Larson CM, McDowell CM, Lachiewicz PF. One-peg versus three-peg patella component fixation in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2001; (392):94–100. [PubMed: 11716430]
  508. No baseline symptom scores.
  509. Laskin R S. Cemented total knee replacement in patients with osteoarthritis: A five-year follow-up study using a prosthesis allowing both retention and resection of the posterior cruciate ligament. Knee. 1997;4(1):1–6.
  510. No baseline symptom scores.
  511. Laskin R S. The Genesis total knee prosthesis: a 10-year followup study. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:95–102. [PubMed: 11451138]
  512. No baseline symptom scores.
  513. Laskin RS. The Insall Award. Total knee replacement with posterior cruciate ligament retention in patients with a fixed varus deformity. Clin Orthop 1996; (331):29–34. [PubMed: 8895616]
  514. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  515. Laskin R S, Maruyama Y, Villaneuva M, Bourne R. Deep-dish congruent tibial component use in total knee arthroplasty: a randomized prospective study. Clin Orthop. 2000;380:36–44. [PubMed: 11064971]
  516. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  517. Laskin RS, O'Flynn HM. The Insall Award. Total knee replacement with posterior cruciate ligament retention in rheumatoid arthritis. Problems and complications. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):24–8. [PubMed: 9418617]
  518. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  519. Laskin RS, van Steijn M. Total knee replacement for patients with patellofemoral arthritis. Clin Orthop 1999; (367):89–95. [PubMed: 10546602]
  520. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  521. Lavernia C J, Guzman J F. Relationship of surgical volume to short-term mortality, morbidity, and hospital charges in arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(2):133–40. [PubMed: 7798093]
  522. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  523. Lavernia CJ, Guzman JF, Gachupin-Garcia A. Cost effectiveness and quality of life in knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):134–9. [PubMed: 9418630]
  524. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  525. Lavernia C J, Sierra R J, Baerga L. Nutritional parameters and short term outcome in arthroplasty. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999;18(3):274–8. [PubMed: 10376785]
  526. Nutrition study.
  527. Leclerc J R, Geerts W H, Desjardins L. et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism after knee arthroplasty. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing enoxaparin with warfarin. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124(7):619–26. [PubMed: 8607589]
  528. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  529. Leclerc J R, Gent M, Hirsh J. et al. The incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism after enoxaparin prophylaxis in lower extremity arthroplasty: a cohort study of 1,984 patients. Canadian Collaborative Group. Chest. 1998;114 (2 Suppl Evidence):115S–8S. [PubMed: 9726704]
  530. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  531. Leclerc J R, Gent M, Hirsh J. et al. The incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism during and after prophylaxis with enoxaparin: a multi-institutional cohort study of patients who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty. Canadian Collaborative Group. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(8):873–8. [PubMed: 9570173]
  532. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  533. Lee A S, Kelly A J, Ansari S. et al. Flexion vs. extension suturing of Total Knee Replacement wounds: A randomised prospective study. Knee. 1997;4(2):65–7.
  534. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  535. Lee D C, Kim D H, Scott R D. et al. Intraoperative flexion against gravity as an indication of ultimate range of motion in individual cases after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(5):500–3. [PubMed: 9726313]
  536. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  537. Leininger S. Quality circle of joint care. Orthop Nurs. 1998;17(5):74–83. [PubMed: 9832889]
  538. Clinical pathways study.
  539. Lensing A W, Doris C I, McGrath F P. et al. A comparison of compression ultrasound with color Doppler ultrasound for the diagnosis of symptomless postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(7):765–8. [PubMed: 9125008]
  540. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  541. Leonard M, Moore L, Algozzine R. et al. Recovery times from subarachnoid blocks using bupivacaine hydrochloride and tetracaine hydrochloride with and without epinephrine. AANA J. 1997;65(3):260–4. [PubMed: 9233097]
  542. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  543. Leopold S S, McStay C, Klafeta K. et al. Primary repair of intraoperative disruption of the medial collateral ligament during total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83A(1):86–91. [PubMed: 11205863]
  544. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  545. Levi N. Incidence of total knee replacement in Copenhagen. Gazz Med Ital. 1999;158(2):41–3.
  546. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  547. Levy O, Martinowitz U, Oran A. et al. The use of fibrin tissue adhesive to reduce blood loss and the need for blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty. A prospective, randomized, multicenter study. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 1999;81(11):1580–8. [PubMed: 10565650]
  548. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  549. Lewis PL, Rorabeck CH, Bourne RB. Screw osteolysis after cementless total knee replacement. Clin Orthop 1995; (321):173–7. [PubMed: 7497665]
  550. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  551. Lewold S, Goodman S, Knutson K. et al. Oxford meniscal bearing knee versus the Marmor knee in unicompartmental arthroplasty for arthrosis. A Swedish multicenter survival study. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(6):722–31. [PubMed: 8749752]
  552. No baseline symptom scores.
  553. Lewold S, Olsson H, Gustafson P. et al. Overall cancer incidence not increased after prosthetic knee replacement: 14,551 patients followed for 66,622 person-years. Int J Cancer. 1996;68(1):30–3. [PubMed: 8895536]
  554. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  555. Lewold S, Robertsson O, Knutson K. et al. Revision of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: outcome in 1,135 cases from the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty study. Acta Orthop Sc. 1998;69(5):469–74. [PubMed: 9855226]
  556. Revision study.
  557. Li E, Ritter MA, Moilanen T, et al. Total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 1995; 10(4):560–8; discussion 568–70. [PubMed: 8523022]
  558. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  559. Li P L, Zamora J, Bentley G. The results at ten years of the Insall-Burstein II total knee replacement. Clinical, radiological and survivorship studies. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1999;81(4):647–53. [PubMed: 10463738]
  560. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  561. Liebergall M, Soskolne V, Mattan Y. et al. Preadmission screening of patients scheduled for hip and knee replacement: impact on length of stay. Clin Perform Qual Health Care. 1999;7(1):17–22. [PubMed: 10351588]
  562. Length of stay study.
  563. Lin P C, Lin L C, Lin J J. Comparing the effectiveness of different educational programs for patients with total knee arthroplasty. Orthop Nurs. 1997;16(5):43–9. [PubMed: 9369734]
  564. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  565. Lindahl T L, Lundahl T H, Nilsson L. et al. APC-resistance is a risk factor for postoperative thromboembolism in elective replacement of the hip or knee--a prospective study. Thromb Haemost. 1999;81(1):18–21. [PubMed: 10348713]
  566. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  567. Lindstrand A, Robertsson O, Lewold S. et al. The patella in total knee arthroplasty: resurfacing or nonresurfacing of patella. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2001;9 Suppl 1:S21–3. [PubMed: 11354863]
  568. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  569. Lingard E, Hashimoto H, Sledge C. Development of outcome research for total joint arthroplasty. J Orthop Sci. 2000;5(2):175–7. [PubMed: 10982653]
  570. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  571. Lingard E A, Berven S, Katz J N. et al. Management and care of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: variations across different health care settings. Arthritis Care Res. 2000;13(3):129–36. [PubMed: 14635286]
  572. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  573. Lingard EA, Katz JN, Wright RJ, Wright EA, Sledge CB, Kinemax Outcomes Group. Validity and responsiveness of the Knee Society Clinical Rating System in comparison with the SF-36 and WOMAC. J Bone Jt Surg Am 2001; 83-A(12):1856–64. [PubMed: 11741066]
  574. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  575. Lingard EA, Wright EA, Sledge CB, The Kinemax Outcomes Group. Pitfalls of using patient recall to derive preoperative status in outcome studies of total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Jt Surg Am 2001; 83-A(8):1149–56. [PubMed: 11507122]
  576. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  577. Lofthouse R A, Boitano M A, Davis J R. et al. Preoperative administration of epoetin alfa to reduce transfusion requirements in elderly patients having primary total hip or knee reconstruction. J South Orthop Assoc. 2000;9(3):175–81. [PubMed: 12135299]
  578. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  579. Lombardi AV, Mallory TH, Fada RA, et al. Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasties: who decides? Clin Orthop 2001; (392):319–29. [PubMed: 11716403]
  580. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  581. Lonner J H. Identifying ongoing infection after resection arthroplasty and before second-stage reimplantation. Am J Knee Surg. 2001;14(1):68–71. [PubMed: 11216724]
  582. Revision study.
  583. Lonner J H. Thromboembolic disease in total knee arthroplasty. Am J Knee Surg. 1999;12(1):43–8. [PubMed: 10050693]
  584. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  585. Lonner J H, Beck T D Jr, Rees H. et al. Results of two-stage revision of the infected total knee arthroplasty. Am J Knee Surg. 2001;14(1):65–7. [PubMed: 11216723]
  586. Revision study.
  587. Lonner J H, Desai P, Dicesare P E. et al. The reliability of analysis of intraoperative frozen sections for identifying active infection during revision hip or knee arthroplasty. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 1996;78(10):1553–8. [PubMed: 8876584]
  588. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  589. Lonner J H, Siliski J M, Scott R D. Alternative surveillance after total knee arthroplasty: a viable option? Orthopedics. 1998;21(9):1034–5. [PubMed: 9769054]
  590. Revision study.
  591. Lonner J H, Siliski J M, Scott R D. Prodromes of failure in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1999;14(4):488–92. [PubMed: 10428231]
  592. Revision study.
  593. Lotke PA, Palevsky H, Keenan AM, et al. Aspirin and warfarin for thromboembolic disease after total joint arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1996; (324):251–8. [PubMed: 8595765]
  594. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  595. Lozano Gomez M R, Ruiz Fernandez J, Lopez Alonso A. et al. Long-term results of the treatment of severe osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis with 193 total knee replacements. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1997;5(2):102–12. [PubMed: 9228317]
  596. No baseline symptom scores.
  597. Mabrey JD, Toohey JS, Armstrong DA, et al. Clinical pathway management of total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):125–33. [PubMed: 9418629]
  598. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  599. Macario A, Horne M, Goodman S. et al. The effect of a perioperative clinical pathway for knee replacement surgery on hospital costs. Anesth Analg. 1998;86(5):978–84. [PubMed: 9585280]
  600. Clinical pathways study.
  601. Macario A, Vitez T S, Dunn B. et al. Hospital costs and severity of illness in three types of elective surgery. Anesthesiology. 1997;86(1):92–100. [PubMed: 9009944]
  602. Cost / economics study.
  603. MacDermid J C, O'Callaghan C. Inpatient rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty: risk factors for admission and effects of treatment. Physiother Can. 2000;52(1):45–9.
  604. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  605. MacDonald S J, Bourne R B, Rorabeck C H, McCalden R W, Kramer J, Vaz M. Prospective randomized clinical trial of continuous passive motion after total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 2000;380:30–5. [PubMed: 11064970]
  606. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  607. Maestro A, Harwin S F, Sandoval M G. et al. Influence of intramedullary versus extramedullary alignment guides on final total knee arthroplasty component position: a radiographic analysis. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(5):552–8. [PubMed: 9726321]
  608. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  609. Mahomed N N, Koo Seen Lin M J, Levesque J. et al. Determinants and outcomes of inpatient versus home based rehabilitation following elective hip and knee replacement. J Rheumatol. 2000;27(7):1753–8. [PubMed: 10914863]
  610. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  611. Mahomed N N, Liang M H, Cook E F. et al. The importance of patient expectations in predicting functional outcomes after total joint arthroplasty. J Rheumatol. 2002;29(6):1273–9. [PubMed: 12064846]
  612. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  613. Mahoney O M, McClung C D, dela Rosa M A. et al. The effect of total knee arthroplasty design on extensor mechanism function. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(4):416–21. [PubMed: 12066269]
  614. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  615. Mancuso C A, Ranawat C S, Esdaile J M. et al. Indications for total hip and total knee arthroplasties. Results of orthopaedic surveys. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(1):34–46. [PubMed: 8676117]
  616. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  617. March L M, Cross M J, Lapsley H. et al. Outcomes after hip or knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis. A prospective cohort study comparing patients' quality of life before and after surgery with age-related population norms. Med J Aust. 1999;171(5):235–8. [PubMed: 10495753]
  618. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  619. Marks R M, Vaccaro A R, Balderston R A. et al. Postoperative blood salvage in total knee arthroplasty using the Solcotrans autotransfusion system. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(4):433–7. [PubMed: 8523000]
  620. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  621. Mathias JM. A vertical pathway for total joint replacement. OR Manager 1999; 15(4):27, 29–30, 32. [PubMed: 10387262]
  622. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  623. Mauerhan D R, Campbell M, Miller J S. et al. Intra-articular morphine and/or bupivacaine in the management of pain after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(5):546–52. [PubMed: 9268795]
  624. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  625. Mauerhan D R, Mokris J G, Ly A. et al. Relationship between length of stay and manipulation rate after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(8):896–900. [PubMed: 9880182]
  626. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  627. McBeath D M, Shah J, Sebastian L. et al. The effect of patient controlled analgesia and continuous epidural infusion on length of hospital stay after total knee or total hip replacement. CRNA. 1995;6(1):31–6. [PubMed: 7599545]
  628. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  629. McCaskie A W, Deehan D J, Green T P. et al. Randomised, prospective study comparing cemented and cementless total knee replacement: results of press-fit condylar total knee replacement at five years. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1998;80(6):971–5. [PubMed: 9853487]
  630. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  631. Mcgrath D, Dennyson W G, Rolland M. Death rate from pulmonary embolism following joint replacement surgery. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1996;41(4):265–6. [PubMed: 8772080]
  632. Mortality outcomes only.
  633. McGrory B J, Morrey B F, Rand J A. et al. Correlation of patient questionnaire responses and physician history in grading clinical outcome following hip and knee arthroplasty. A prospective study of 201 joint arthroplasties. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(1):47–57. [PubMed: 8676118]
  634. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  635. McGrory JE, Trousdale RT, Pagnano MW, et al. Preoperative hip to ankle radiographs in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):196–202. [PubMed: 12439260]
  636. Radiographs study.
  637. McGuigan F X, Hozack W J, Moriarty L. et al. Predicting quality-of-life outcomes following total joint arthroplasty. Limitations of the SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(6):742–7. [PubMed: 8749755]
  638. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  639. Meding JB, Keating EM, Ritter MA, et al. Total knee replacement in patients with genu recurvatum. Clin Orthop 2001; (393):244–9. [PubMed: 11764354]
  640. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  641. Meding J B, Ritter M A, Faris P M. Total knee arthroplasty with 4.4 mm of tibial polyethylene: 10-year followup. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:112–7. [PubMed: 11451109]
  642. No baseline symptom scores.
  643. Meding J B, Ritter M A, Jones N L. et al. Determining the necessity for routine pathologic examinations in uncomplicated total hip and total knee arthroplasties. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(1):69–71. [PubMed: 10654465]
  644. Pathologic examinations study.
  645. Melfi C, Holleman E, Arthur D. et al. Selecting a patient characteristics index for the prediction of medical outcomes using administrative claims data. J Clin Epidemiol. 1995;48(7):917–26. [PubMed: 7782800]
  646. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  647. Messieh M. Preoperative risk factors associated with symptomatic pulmonary embolism after total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1999;22(12):1147–9. [PubMed: 10604808]
  648. Pulmonary embolism study.
  649. Miebzak G M, Campbell M, Mauerhan D R. The SF-36 General Health Status Survey documents the burden of osteoarthritis and the benefits of total joint arthroplasty: but why should we use it? Am J Manage Care. 2002;8(5):463–74. [PubMed: 12019598]
  650. Duplicate listing of Kiebzak (2002).
  651. Mikkola H, Hakkinen U. The effects of case-based pricing on length of stay for common surgical procedures. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2002;7(2):90–7. [PubMed: 11934373]
  652. Cost /economics study.
  653. Miller C W, Pettygrow R. Long-term clinical and radiographic results of a pegged tibial baseplate in primary total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(1):70–5. [PubMed: 11172273]
  654. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  655. Miller M, Benjamin J B, Marson B, Hollstein S. The effect of implant constraint on results of conversion of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty to total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 2002;25(12):1353–7. [PubMed: 12502197]
  656. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  657. Minter J E, Dorr L D. Indications for bilateral total knee replacement. Contemp Orthop. 1995;31(2):108–11. [PubMed: 10155342]
  658. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  659. Miric A, Lim M, Kahn B. et al. Perioperative morbidity following total knee arthroplasty among obese patients. J Knee Surg. 2002;15(2):77–83. [PubMed: 12013077]
  660. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  661. Mont M A, Mathur S K, Krackow K A, Loewy J W, Hungerford D S. Cementless total knee arthroplasty in obese patients. A comparison with a matched control group. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(2):153–6. [PubMed: 8648308]
  662. No baseline symptom scores.
  663. Miyazaki T, Wada M, Kawahara H. et al. Dynamic load at baseline can predict radiographic disease progression in medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(7):617–22. [PMC free article: PMC1754164] [PubMed: 12079903]
  664. Not TKA.
  665. Mont MA, Fairbank AC, Yammamoto V, et al. Radiographic characterization of aseptically loosened cementless total knee replacement. Clin Orthop 1995; (321):73–8. [PubMed: 7497688]
  666. Radiograph study.
  667. Mont MA, Mitzner DL, Jones LC, et al. History of the contralateral knee after primary knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop 1995; (321):145–50. [PubMed: 7497660]
  668. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  669. Moon M S, Kim J M, Woo Y K. Restoration of knee motion after total knee arthroplasty: subvastus approach and alternate flexion and extension splintage. Ryumachi. 1997;37(2):146. [PubMed: 9136608]
  670. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  671. Moore D J, Freeman M A, Revell P A. et al. Can a total knee replacement prosthesis be made entirely of polymers? J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(4):388–95. [PubMed: 9645518]
  672. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  673. Morkis J G, Smith S W, Anderson S E. Primary total knee arthroplasty using the Genesis Total Knee Arthroplasty System: 3- to 6-year follow-up study of 105 knees. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(1):91–8. [PubMed: 9021508]
  674. Duplicate listing of Mokris (1997).
  675. Muller W, Wirz D. The patella in total knee replacement: does it matter? 750 LCS total knee replacements without resurfacing of the patella. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2001;9 Suppl 1:S24–6. [PubMed: 11354864]
  676. No baseline symptom scores.
  677. Munin M C, Kwoh C K, Glynn N. et al. Predicting discharge outcome after elective hip and knee arthroplasty. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1995;74(4):294–301. [PubMed: 7632386]
  678. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  679. Munzinger U K, Petrich J, Boldt J G. Patella resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty using metal-backed rotating bearing components: a 2- to 10-year follow-up evaluation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2001;9 Suppl 1:S34–42. [PubMed: 11354867]
  680. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  681. Murray D W, Frost S J. Pain in the assessment of total knee replacement. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1998;80(3):426–31. [PubMed: 9619930]
  682. No baseline symptom scores.
  683. Murray D W, Goodfellow J W, O'Connor J J. The Oxford medial unicompartmental arthroplasty: a ten-year survival study. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1998;80(6):983–9. [PubMed: 9853489]
  684. No baseline symptom scores.
  685. Nafei A, Kristensen O, Knudsen H M. et al. Survivorship analysis of cemented total condylar knee arthroplasty. A long-term follow-up report on 348 cases. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(1):7–10. [PubMed: 8676122]
  686. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  687. Namba R S, Diao E. Tissue expansion for staged reimplantation of infected total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(4):471–4. [PubMed: 9195325]
  688. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  689. Nassif J M, Ritter M A, Meding J B. et al. The effect of intraoperative intravenous fixed-dose heparin during total joint arthroplasty on the incidence of fatal pulmonary emboli. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(1):16–21. [PubMed: 10654457]
  690. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  691. Nayak K N, Rorabeck C H, Bourne R B. et al. Interpretation by radiologists of orthopedic total joint radiographs: is it necessary or cost-effective? Can J Surg. 1996;39(5):393–6. [PMC free article: PMC3949960] [PubMed: 8857988]
  692. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  693. Nazarian DG, Mehta S, Booth Jr RE. A comparison of stemmed and unstemmed components in revision knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):256–62. [PubMed: 12439267]
  694. Revision study.
  695. Nelson C L. Primary and delayed exchange for infected total knee arthroplasty. Am J Knee Surg. 2001;14(1):60–4. [PubMed: 11216722]
  696. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  697. Nendick M. Patient satisfaction with post-operative analgesia. Nurs St. 2000;14(22):32–7. [PubMed: 11310036]
  698. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  699. Nerurkar J, Wade W E, Martin B C. Cost/death averted with venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing total knee replacement or knee arthroplasty. PharmacoTher. 2002;22(8):990–1000. [PubMed: 12173802]
  700. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  701. Newman J H, Ackroyd C E, Shah N A. Unicompartmental or total knee replacement? Five-year results of a prospective, randomised trial of 102 osteoarthritic knees with unicompartmental arthritis. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1998;80(5):862–5. [PubMed: 9768899]
  702. No baseline symptom scores.
  703. Newman J H, Ackroyd C E, Shah N A. et al. Should the patella be resurfaced during total knee replacement? Knee. 2000;7(1):17–23.
  704. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  705. Newman J H, Bowers M, Murphy J. The clinical advantages of autologous transfusion. A randomized, controlled study after knee replacement. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1997;79(4):630–2. [PubMed: 9250753]
  706. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  707. Ng S F, Oo C S, Loh K H. et al. A comparative study of three warming interventions to determine the most effective in maintaining perioperative normothermia. Anesth Analg. 2003;96(1):171–6. [PubMed: 12505947]
  708. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  709. Niskanen R O, Korkala O, Pammo H. Serum C-reactive protein levels after total hip and knee arthroplasty. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1996;78(3):431–3. [PubMed: 8636181]
  710. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  711. Nordentoft T, Schou J, Carstensen J. Changes in sexual behavior after orthopedic replacement of hip or knee in elderly males--a prospective study. Int J Impot Res. 2000;12(3):143–6. [PubMed: 11045906]
  712. Sexual behavior study.
  713. Norman-Taylor F H, Palmer C R, Villar R N. Quality-of-life improvement compared after hip and knee replacement. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1996;78(1):74–7. [PubMed: 8898131]
  714. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  715. Norton E C, Garfinkel S A, McQuay L J. et al. The effect of hospital volume on the in-hospital complication rate in knee replacement patients. Health Serv Res. 1998;33 (5 Pt 1):1191–210. [PMC free article: PMC1070313] [PubMed: 9865217]
  716. Complications study.
  717. Norton M R, Eyres K S. Irrigation and suction technique to ensure reliable cement penetration for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(4):468–74. [PubMed: 10884207]
  718. Cement penetration study.
  719. Nozaki H, Banks SA, Suguro T, et al. Observations of femoral rollback in cruciate-retaining knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):308–14. [PubMed: 12439274]
  720. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  721. O'Connor D P, Jackson A S. Predicting physical therapy visits needed to achieve minimal functional goals after arthroscopic knee surgery... including commentary by Irrgang JJ with author response. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2001;31(7):340–52. [PubMed: 11451305]
  722. Not TKA.
  723. Oberg U, Oberg T, Hagstedt B. Functional improvement after hip and knee arthroplasty: 6-month follow-up with a new functional assessment system. Physiother Theory Pract. 1996;12(1):3–13.
  724. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  725. Olcott C W, Scott R D. A comparison of 4 intraoperative methods to determine femoral component rotation during total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(1):22–6. [PubMed: 10654458]
  726. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  727. Olcott C W, Scott R D. Determining proper femoral component rotational alignment during total knee arthroplasty. Am J Knee Surg. 2000;13(3):166–8. [PubMed: 11277247]
  728. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  729. Oldmeadow L B, McBurney H, Robertson V J. Hospital stay and discharge outcomes after knee arthroplasty. J Qual Clin Pract. 2001;21(3):56–60. [PubMed: 11892823]
  730. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  731. Olsen J H, McLaughlin J K, Nyren O. et al. Hip and knee implantations among patients with osteoarthritis and risk of cancer: a record-linkage study from Denmark. Int J Cancer. 1999;81(5):719–22. [PubMed: 10328222]
  732. Cancer outcomes.
  733. Onsten I, Nordqvist A, Carlsson A S. et al. Hydroxyapatite augmentation of the porous coating improves fixation of tibial components. A randomised RSA study in 116 patients. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1998;80(3):417–25. [PubMed: 9619929]
  734. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  735. Oonishi H, Murata N, Saito M, et al. 3 to 18 year clinical results of total knee replacement with ceramic components. Key Eng Mater 2001; 192–195:999–1002.
  736. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  737. Orbell S, Espley A, Johnston M. et al. Health benefits of joint replacement surgery for patients with osteoarthritis: prospective evaluation using independent assessments in Scotland. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998;52(9):564–70. [PMC free article: PMC1756757] [PubMed: 10320857]
  738. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  739. Ouellet D, Moffet H. Locomotor deficits before and two months after knee arthroplasty. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;47(5):484–93. [PubMed: 12382296]
  740. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  741. Paavolainen P, Pukkala E, Pulkkinen P. et al. Cancer incidence after total knee arthroplasty: a nationwide Finnish cohort from 1980 to 1996 involving 9,444 patients. Acta Orthop Sc. 1999;70(6):609–17. [PubMed: 10665728]
  742. Cancer outcomes.
  743. Pagnano M, Cushner FD, Hansen A, et al. Blood management in two-stage revision knee arthroplasty for deep prosthetic infection. Clin Orthop 1999; (367):238–42. [PubMed: 10546621]
  744. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  745. Pagnano MW, Forero JH, Scuderi GR, et al. Is the routine examination of surgical specimens worthwhile in primary total knee arthroplasty? Clin Orthop 1998; (356):79–84. [PubMed: 9917671]
  746. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  747. Pagnano M W, Trousdale R T. Asymmetric patella resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. Am J Knee Surg. 2000;13(4):228–33. [PubMed: 11269543]
  748. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  749. Pap G, Meyer M, Weiler H T. et al. Proprioception after total knee arthroplasty: a comparison with clinical outcome. Acta Orthop Sc. 2000;71(2):153–9. [PubMed: 10852321]
  750. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  751. Papanikolaou A, Droulias K, Nikolaides A, Polyzoides A J. Results of a single total knee prosthesis compared with multiple joint replacement in the lower limb. Int Orthop. 2000;24(2):80–2. [PMC free article: PMC3620600] [PubMed: 10894375]
  752. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  753. Parker D A, Rorabeck C H, Bourne R B. Long-term followup of cementless versus hybrid fixation for total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:68–76. [PubMed: 11451134]
  754. No baseline symptom scores.
  755. Partio E, Wirta J. Comparison of patellar resurfacing and nonresurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: A prospective randomized study. J Orthop Rheumatol. 1995;8(2):69–74.
  756. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  757. Pavone V, Boettner F, Fickert S. et al. Total condylar knee arthroplasty: a long-term followup. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:18–25. [PubMed: 11451118]
  758. No baseline symptom scores.
  759. Pearson S, Moraw I, Maddern G J. Clinical pathway management of total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective comparative study. Aust N Z J Surg. 2000;70(5):351–4. [PubMed: 10830598]
  760. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  761. Pecina M, Djapic T, Haspl M. Survival of cementless and cemented porous-coated anatomic knee replacements: retrospective cohort study. Croat Med J. 2000;41(2):168–72. [PubMed: 10853046]
  762. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  763. Pence C D, Spencer S. Complications of intravenous heparin therapy for treatment of thromboembolic disease in joint arthroplasty patients. Kans Med. 1996;97(1):16–8. [PubMed: 8676585]
  764. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  765. Perhoniemi V, Vuorinen J, Myllynen P. et al. The effect of enoxaparin in prevention of deep venous thrombosis in hip and knee surgery--a comparison with the dihydroergotamine-heparin combination. Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1996;85(4):359–63. [PubMed: 9014067]
  766. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  767. Periti P, Stringa G, Mini E. Comparative multicenter trial of teicoplanin versus cefazolin for antimicrobial prophylaxis in prosthetic joint implant surgery. Italian Study Group for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Orthopedic Surgery. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999;18(2):113–9. [PubMed: 10219575]
  768. Infection / antibiotics study.
  769. Perka C, Arnold U, Buttgereit F. Influencing factors on perioperative morbidity in knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2000; (378):183–91. [PubMed: 10986993]
  770. Complications outcomes only.
  771. Perseghin P, Beverina I, Bongiorno U. et al. Blood transfusion and deep venous thrombosis in primary total hip and knee replacement surgery: a retrospective analysis of 339 patients. Transfus Sci. 1996;17(3):397–406. [PubMed: 10163546]
  772. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  773. Petrie R S, Hanssen A D, Osmon D R. et al. Metal-backed patellar component failure in total knee arthroplasty: a possible risk for late infection. Am J Orthop. 1998;27(3):172–6. [PubMed: 9544358]
  774. Infection / antibiotics study.
  775. Pollock DC, Ammeen DJ, Engh GA. Synovial entrapment: a complication of posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002; 84-A(12):2174–8. [PubMed: 12473705]
  776. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  777. Polyzoides A J, Dendrinos G K, Tsakonas H. The Rotaglide total knee arthroplasty. Prosthesis design and early results. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(4):453–9. [PubMed: 8792253]
  778. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  779. Pomeroy D L, Schaper L A, Badenhausen W E. et al. Results of all-polyethylene tibial components as a cost-saving technique. Clin Orthop. 2000;380:140–3. [PubMed: 11064983]
  780. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  781. Price A J, Rees J L, Beard D. et al. A mobile-bearing total knee prosthesis compared with a fixed-bearing prosthesis. A multicentre single-blind randomised controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2003;85(1):62–7. [PubMed: 12585579]
  782. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  783. Procicchiani D, Bianchini D, La Bruna S. et al. The functional independence measure in the rehabilitation of elderly patients after orthopaedic surgery. Eur Medicophys. 1998;34(3):111–9.
  784. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  785. Rader C P, Barthel T, Haase M. et al. Heterotopic ossification after total knee arthroplasty. 54/615 cases after 1–6 years' follow-up. Acta Orthop Sc. 1997;68(1):46–50. [PubMed: 9057567]
  786. Ossification study.
  787. Rader C P, Kramer C, Konig A. et al. Low-molecular-weight heparin and partial thromboplastin time-adjusted unfractionated heparin in thromboprophylaxis after total knee and total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(2):180–5. [PubMed: 9526211]
  788. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  789. Ranawat C S. Results of cemented cruciate substituting and sacrificing total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1996;19(9):787–8. [PubMed: 8887423]
  790. No baseline symptom scores.
  791. Rand J A, Gustilo B. Comparison of inset and resurfacing patellar prostheses in total knee arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Belg. 1996;62 Suppl 1:154–63. [PubMed: 9084566]
  792. Duplicate publication.
  793. Rasmussen G L, Steckner K, Hogue C. et al. Intravenous parecoxib sodium foracute pain after orthopedic knee surgery. Am J Orthop. 2002;31(6):336–43. [PubMed: 12083587]
  794. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  795. Reed M R, Bliss W, Sher J L. et al. Extramedullary or intramedullary tibial alignment guides: a randomised, prospective trial of radiological alignment. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 2002;84(6):858–60. [PubMed: 12211678]
  796. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  797. Rees J L, Price A J, Lynskey T G. et al. Medial unicompartmental arthroplasty after failed high tibial osteotomy. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 2001;83(7):1034–6. [PubMed: 11603518]
  798. Revision study.
  799. Reuben S S, Fingeroth R, Krushell R. et al. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the perioperative administration of rofecoxib for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(1):26–31. [PubMed: 11805921]
  800. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  801. Reynolds L W, Hoo R K, Brill R J. et al. The COX-2 Specific Inhibitor, Valdecoxib, Is An Effective, Opioid-Sparing Analgesic in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2003;25(2):133–41. [PubMed: 12590029]
  802. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  803. Rinta-Kiikka I. Clinical and radiographic outcome of total knee arthroplasty -factors related to loosening. Ann Chir Gynaecol. 2000;89(2):147. [PubMed: 9598236]
  804. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  805. Rinta-Kiikka I, Savilahti S, Pajamaki J, Lindholm T S. Intermediate-term clinical and radiographic results of Synatomic and AGC knee prostheses. Orthopedics. 1999;22(3):295–9. [PubMed: 10192259]
  806. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  807. Rissanen P, Aro S, Paavolainen P. Hospital- and patient-related characteristics determining length of hospital stay for hip and knee replacements. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 1996;12(2):325–35. [PubMed: 8707504]
  808. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  809. Rissanen P, Aro S, Sintonen H. et al. Costs and cost-effectiveness in hip and knee replacements. A prospective study. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 1997;13(4):575–88. [PubMed: 9489250]
  810. No baseline symptom scores.
  811. Rissanen P, Aro S, Sintonen H, Slatis P, Paavolainen P. Quality of life and functional ability in hip and knee replacements: a prospective study. Qual Life Res. 1996;5(1):56–64. [PubMed: 8901367]
  812. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  813. Rissanen P, Aro S, Slatis P. et al. Health and quality of life before and after hip or knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(2):169–75. [PubMed: 7798097]
  814. No baseline symptom scores.
  815. Rissanen P, Sogaard J, Sintonen H. Do QOL instruments agree? A comparison of the 15D (Health-Related Quality of Life) and NHP (Nottingham Health Profile) in hip and knee replacements. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2000;16(2):696–705. [PubMed: 10932434]
  816. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  817. Ritter M, Mamlin LA, Melfi CA, et al. Outcome implications for the timing of bilateral total knee arthroplasties. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):99–105. [PubMed: 9418626]
  818. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  819. Ritter MA. Session I: Long-term followup after total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):32–3. [PubMed: 12439234]
  820. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  821. Ritter M A, Albohm M J, Keating E M. et al. Comparative outcomes of total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(6):737–41. [PubMed: 8749754]
  822. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  823. Ritter M A, Berend M E, Meding J B. et al. Long-term followup of anatomic graduated components posterior cruciate-retaining total knee replacement. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:51–7. [PubMed: 11451132]
  824. No baseline symptom scores.
  825. Ritter M A, Eizember L, Keating E M. et al. The influence of age and gender on the outcome of total knee arthroplasty. Todays OR Nurse. 1995;17(4):10–5. [PubMed: 7570798]
  826. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  827. Ritter M A, Faris P N, Carr K D. et al. Revision total joint arthroplasty: Does Medicare reimbursement justify time spent? Orthopedics. 1996;19(2):137–40. [PubMed: 8834288]
  828. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  829. Ritter M A, Herbst S A, Keating E M. et al. Patellofemoral complications following total knee arthroplasty. Effect of a lateral release and sacrifice of the superior lateral geniculate artery. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(4):368–72. [PubMed: 8792241]
  830. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  831. Ritter M A, Koehler M, Keating E M. et al. Intra-articular morphine and/or bupivacaine after total knee replacement. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1999;81(2):301–3. [PubMed: 10204938]
  832. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  833. Ritter MA, Montgomery TJ, Zhou H, et al. The clinical significance of proximal tibial resection level in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1999; (360):174–81. [PubMed: 10101323]
  834. No baseline symptom scores.
  835. Robertsson O. Unicompartmental arthroplasty. Results in Sweden 1986-1995. Orthopade. 2000;29 Suppl 1:S6–8. [PubMed: 10929343]
  836. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  837. Robertsson O, Borgquist L, Knutson K. et al. Use of unicompartmental instead of tricompartmental prostheses for unicompartmental arthrosis in the knee is a cost-effective alternative. 15,437 primary tricompartmental prostheses were compared with 10,624 primary medial or lateral unicompartmental prostheses. Acta Orthop Sc. 1999;70(2):170–5. [PubMed: 10366919]
  838. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  839. Robertsson O, Dunbar M, Knutson K. et al. Validation of the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register: a postal survey regarding 30,376 knees operated on between 1975 and 1995. Acta Orthop Sc. 1999;70(5):467–72. [PubMed: 10622479]
  840. Cancer outcomes.
  841. Robertsson O, Dunbar M, Pehrsson T. et al. Patient satisfaction after knee arthroplasty: a report on 27,372 knees operated on between 1981 and 1995 in Sweden. Acta Orthop Sc. 2000;71(3):262–7. [PubMed: 10919297]
  842. No baseline symptom scores.
  843. Robertsson O, Dunbar M J. Patient satisfaction compared with general health and disease-specific questionnaires in knee arthroplasty patients. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(4):476–82. [PubMed: 11402411]
  844. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  845. Robertsson O, Dunbar M J, Knutson K. et al. The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register. 25 years experience. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1999;58(3):133–8. [PubMed: 10642862]
  846. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  847. Robertsson O, Knutson K, Lewold S. et al. Knee arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis. A report from the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register on 4,381 primary operations 1985-1995. Acta Orthop Sc. 1997;68(6):545–53. [PubMed: 9462354]
  848. No baseline symptom scores.
  849. Robertsson O, Knutson K, Lewold S. et al. The routine of surgical management reduces failure after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 2001;83(1):45–9. [PubMed: 11245537]
  850. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  851. Robertsson O, Knutson K, Lewold S. et al. The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register 1975-1997: an update with special emphasis on 41,223 knees operated on in 1988-1997. Acta Orthop Sc. 2001;72(5):503–13. [PubMed: 11728079]
  852. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  853. Robertsson O, Scott G, Freeman M A. Ten-year survival of the cemented Freeman-Samuelson primary knee arthroplasty. Data from the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register and the Royal London Hospital. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 2000;82(4):506–7. [PubMed: 10855871]
  854. Revision study.
  855. Robinson K S, Anderson D R, Gross M. et al. Ultrasonographic screening before hospital discharge for deep venous thrombosis after arthroplasty: the post-arthroplasty screening study. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127(6):439–45. [PubMed: 9313000]
  856. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  857. Rodriguez J A, Baez N, Rasquinha V, Ranawat C S. Metal-backed and all-polyethylene tibial components in total knee replacement. Clin Orthop. 2001;392:174–83. [PubMed: 11716380]
  858. No baseline symptom scores.
  859. Rodriguez J A, Bhende H, Ranawat C S. Total condylar knee replacement: a 20-year followup study. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:10–7. [PubMed: 11451106]
  860. No baseline symptom scores.
  861. Rorabeck C H. Mechanisms of knee implant failure. Orthopedics. 1995;18(9):915–8. [PubMed: 8570505]
  862. Revision study.
  863. Rorabeck C H. Total knee replacement: should it be cemented or hybrid? Can J Surg. 1999;42(1):21–6. [PMC free article: PMC3788878] [PubMed: 10071584]
  864. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  865. Rosenbaum C C, Woods S E, Hasselfeld K A. Correlation of the change in the International Normalized Ratio and decreasing the coumadin dosage following total joint arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 2002;25(12):1359–63. [PubMed: 12502198]
  866. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  867. Rosenberg A G. TKA salvage: when reimplantation won't work. Orthopedics. 1997;20(9):851–4. [PubMed: 9306470]
  868. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  869. Rowley D I, McGurty D W. A seven-year experience of data collection on the Insall-Burstein II total knee arthroplasty. A prospective study. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 2001;83(2):185–90. [PubMed: 11284562]
  870. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  871. Rubash H E, Miller M C. Orthopedics. Knee implants. Rehabil R D Prog Rep. 1997;34:219–20.
  872. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  873. Ryd L, Albrektsson B E, Carlsson L. et al. Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis as a predictor of mechanical loosening of knee prostheses. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1995;77(3):377–83. [PubMed: 7744919]
  874. No baseline symptom scores.
  875. Ryu J, Sakamoto A, Honda T. et al. The postoperative drain-clamping method for hemostasis in total knee arthroplasty. Reducing postoperative bleeding in total knee arthroplasty. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1997;56(4):251–4. [PubMed: 9438089]
  876. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  877. Saleh KJ, Clark CR, Rand JA, et al. Modes of failure and preoperative evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2003; 85-A Suppl 1:S21–5. [PubMed: 12540666]
  878. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  879. Sanchez-Sotelo J, Ordonez J M, Prats S B. Results and complications of the low contact stress knee prosthesis. J Arthroplasty. 1999;14(7):815–21. [PubMed: 10537256]
  880. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  881. Sanzen L, Sahlstrom A, Gentz C F. et al. Radiographic wear assessment in a total knee prosthesis. 5- to 9-year follow-up study of 158 knees. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(6):738–42. [PubMed: 8884451]
  882. No baseline symptom scores.
  883. Schai P A, Thornhill T S, Scott R D. Total knee arthroplasty with the PFC system. Results at a minimum of ten years and survivorship analysis. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1998;80(5):850–8. [PubMed: 9768897]
  884. No baseline symptom scores.
  885. Scherb C A. Outcomes research: making a difference in practice. Outcomes Manag. 2002;6(1):22–6. [PubMed: 12500412]
  886. Nursing study.
  887. Schroder H M, Kristensen P W, Petersen M B. et al. Patient survival after total knee arthroplasty. 5-year data in 926 patients. Acta Orthop Sc. 1998;69(1):35–8. [PubMed: 9524515]
  888. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  889. Schurman DJ, Matityahu A, Goodman SB, et al. Prediction of postoperative knee flexion in Insall-Burstein II total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1998; (353):175–84. [PubMed: 9728172]
  890. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  891. Schwagerl W. Application of ODH-titanium in total knee arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Belg. 1997;63 Suppl 1:56–8. [PubMed: 9532854]
  892. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  893. Scott R D. The incidence and causes of re-operation after press-fit condylar (PFC) total knee arthroplasty. J Ortop Sci. 1997;2(1):46–52.
  894. No baseline symptom scores.
  895. Scriven M W, Fligelstone L J, Oshodi T O. et al. The influence of total knee arthroplasty on lower limb blood flow. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1996;41(5):323–4. [PubMed: 8908958]
  896. No baseline symptom scores.
  897. Scuderi GR. Revision total knee arthroplasty: how much constraint is enough? Clin Orthop 2001; (392):300–5. [PubMed: 11716400]
  898. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  899. Sculco T P. The economic impact of infected joint arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1995;18(9):871–3. [PubMed: 8570494]
  900. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  901. Sculco T P, Gallina J. Blood management experience: relationship between autologous blood donation and transfusion in orthopedic surgery. Orthopedics. 1999;22 (1 Suppl):s129–34. [PubMed: 9927113]
  902. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  903. Sextro G S, Berry D J, Rand J A. Total knee arthroplasty using cruciate-retaining kinematic condylar prosthesis. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:33–40. [PubMed: 11451130]
  904. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  905. Shakoor N, Block J A, Shott S. et al. Nonrandom evolution of end-stage osteoarthritis of the lower limbs. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46(12):3185–9. [PubMed: 12483722]
  906. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  907. Sharma L, Sinacore J, Daugherty C. et al. Prognostic factors for functional outcome of total knee replacement: a prospective study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1996;51(4):M152–7. [PubMed: 8680997]
  908. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  909. Sharma L, Sinacore J, Stulberg SD, et al. Role of growth hormone status in the outcome of total knee replacement. Clin Orthop 1997; (336):177–85. [PubMed: 9060503]
  910. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  911. Sharrock N E, Cazan M G, Hargett M J. et al. Changes in mortality after total hip and knee arthroplasty over a ten-year period. Anesth Analg. 1995;80(2):242–8. [PubMed: 7818108]
  912. No baseline symptom scores.
  913. Shenolikar A, Wareham K, Newington D. et al. Cell salvage auto transfusion in total knee replacement surgery. Transfus Med. 1997;7(4):277–80. [PubMed: 9510924]
  914. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  915. Shepperd S, Harwood D, Gray A. et al. Randomised controlled trial comparing hospital at home care with inpatient hospital care. II: cost minimisation analysis. BMJ. 1998;316(7147):1791–6. [PMC free article: PMC28579] [PubMed: 9624069]
  916. Cost / economics study.
  917. Shepperd S, Harwood D, Jenkinson C. et al. Randomised controlled trial comparing hospital at home care with inpatient hospital care. I: three month follow up of health outcomes. BMJ. 1998;316(7147):1786–91. [PMC free article: PMC28578] [PubMed: 9624068]
  918. Cost / economics study.
  919. Shiga H, Yoshino S, Nakamura H, Nagashima M. Long-term results of Yoshino total knee arthroplasties in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1998;117(12):15–7. [PubMed: 9457329]
  920. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  921. Shoji H, Shimozaki E. Patellar clunk syndrome in total knee arthroplasty without patellar resurfacing. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(2):198–201. [PubMed: 8648316]
  922. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  923. Simmons S, Lephart S, Rubash H. et al. Proprioception following total knee arthroplasty with and without the posterior cruciate ligament. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(7):763–8. [PubMed: 8934314]
  924. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  925. Smith J, Stevens J, Taylor M. et al. A randomized, controlled trial comparing compression bandaging and cold therapy in postoperative total knee replacement surgery. Orthop Nurs. 2002;21(2):61–6. [PubMed: 11949239]
  926. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  927. Smith S, Naima V S, Freeman M A. The natural history of tibial radiolucent lines in a proximally cemented stemmed total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1999;14(1):3–8. [PubMed: 9926946]
  928. Radiolucent line study.
  929. Sorrells R B. The rotating platform mobile bearing TKA. Orthopedics. 1996;19(9):793–6. [PubMed: 8887425]
  930. No baseline symptom scores.
  931. Sorrells RB, Stiehl JB, Voorhorst PE. Midterm results of mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty in patients younger than 65 years. Clin Orthop 2001; (390):182–9. [PubMed: 11550865]
  932. No baseline symptom scores.
  933. Spicer D D, Pomeroy D L, Badenhausen W E. et al. Body mass index as a predictor of outcome in total knee replacement. Int Orthop. 2001;25(4):246–9. [PMC free article: PMC3620835] [PubMed: 11561501]
  934. No baseline symptom scores.
  935. Squire MW, Callaghan JJ, Goetz DD, et al. Unicompartmental knee replacement. A minimum 15 year followup study. Clin Orthop 1999; (367):61–72. [PubMed: 10546599]
  936. Revision study.
  937. Stern S H, Wixson R L, O'Connor D. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of enoxaparin and warfarin for prevention of deep vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(2):153–8. [PubMed: 10708078]
  938. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  939. Stiehl JB, Cherveny PM. Femoral rotational alignment using the tibial shaft axis in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1996; (331):47–55. [PubMed: 8895618]
  940. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  941. Stiehl J B, Voorhorst P E. Total knee arthroplasty with a mobile-bearing prosthesis: comparison of retention and sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in cementless implants. Am J Orthop. 1999;28(4):223–8. [PubMed: 10220093]
  942. No baseline symptom scores.
  943. Stiehl J B, Voorhorst P E, Keblish P. et al. Comparison of range of motion after posterior cruciate ligament retention or sacrifice with a mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty. Am J Knee Surg. 1997;10(4):216–20. [PubMed: 9421597]
  944. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  945. Stowell C P, Chandler H, Jove M. et al. An open-label, randomized study to compare the safety and efficacy of perioperative epoetin alfa with preoperative autologous blood donation in total joint arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1999;22(SUPPL.):s105–s112. [PubMed: 9927110]
  946. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  947. Stratton M A, Anderson F A, Bussey H I. et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: adherence to the 1995 American College of Chest Physicians consensus guidelines for surgical patients. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160(3):334–40. [PubMed: 10668835]
  948. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  949. Stulberg S D. Extensor mechanism complications after total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1995;18(9):919–20. [PubMed: 8570506]
  950. Revision study.
  951. Sturmer T, Gunther K P, Brenner H. Obesity, overweight and patterns of osteoarthritis: the Ulm Osteoarthritis Study. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53(3):307–13. [PubMed: 10760642]
  952. Epidemiologic study.
  953. Svard U C, Price A J. Oxford medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. A survival analysis of an independent series. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 2001;83(2):191–4. [PubMed: 11284563]
  954. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  955. Taylor H D, Dennis D A, Crane H S. Relationship between mortality rates and hospital patient volume for Medicare patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery of the hip, knee, spine, and femur. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12(3):235–42. [PubMed: 9113536]
  956. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  957. Tayot O, Ait Si Selmi T, Neyret P. Results at 11.5 years of a series of 376 posterior stabilized HLS1 total knee replacements. Survivorship analysis, and risk factors for failure. Knee. 2001;8(3):195–205. [PubMed: 11706727]
  958. No baseline symptom scores.
  959. Teller RE, Christie MJ, Martin W, et al. Sequential indium-labeled leukocyte and bone scans to diagnose prosthetic joint infection. Clin Orthop 2000; (373):241–7. [PubMed: 10810483]
  960. Revision study.
  961. Teter KE, Bregman D, Colwell CW Jr. Accuracy of intramedullary versus extramedullary tibial alignment cutting systems in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1995; (321):106–10. [PubMed: 7497654]
  962. No baseline symptom scores.
  963. Thadani P J, Spitzer A I. Primary total knee arthroplasty: Indications and long-term results. Curr Opin Orthop. 2000;11(1):41–8.
  964. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  965. Thadani P J, Vince K G, Ortaaslan S G, Blackburn D C, Cudiamat C V. Ten- to 12-year followup of the Insall-Burstein I total knee prosthesis. Clin Orthop. 2000;380:17–29. [PubMed: 11064969]
  966. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  967. Toksvig-Larsen S, Ryd L, Stentstrom A. et al. The Porous-Coated Anatomic total knee experience. Special emphasis on complications and wear. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(1):11–7. [PubMed: 8676108]
  968. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  969. Tooma G S, Kobs J K, Thomason H C. et al. Results of knee arthroplasty using the cemented press-fit condylar prosthesis. Based on a preliminary report. Am J Orthop. 1995;24(11):831–4. [PubMed: 8581440]
  970. No baseline symptom scores.
  971. Turner G, Blake D, Buckland M. et al. Continuous extradural infusion of ropivacaine for prevention of postoperative pain after major orthopaedic surgery. Br J Anaesth. 1996;76(5):606–10. [PubMed: 8688255]
  972. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  973. Unnanantana A. Press-fit-condylar total knee replacement: experience in 465 Thai patients. J Med Assoc Thai. 1997;80(9):565–9. [PubMed: 9347668]
  974. No baseline symptom scores.
  975. Vaczi G, Udvarhelyi I, Sarungi M. Comparison of results of different types of knee arthroplasties. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1997;116(3):177–80. [PubMed: 9061174]
  976. No baseline symptom scores.
  977. Vail T P, Callaghan J J. Total knee replacement with patella magna and pagetoid patella. Orthopedics. 1995;18(12):1174–7. [PubMed: 8749297]
  978. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  979. Valdivia G G, Dunbar M J, Jenkinson R J. et al. Press-fit versus cemented all-polyethylene patellar component: midterm results. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(1):20–5. [PubMed: 11805920]
  980. No baseline symptom scores.
  981. van Essen G J, Chipchase L S, O'Connor D. et al. Primary total knee replacement: short-term outcomes in an Australian population. J Qual Clin Pract. 1998;18(2):135–42. [PubMed: 9631351]
  982. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  983. Van Walraven Carl, Paterson Michael, Kapral Moira. et al. Appropriateness of primary total hip and knee replacements in regions of Ontario with high and low utilization rates. Can Med Assoc J. 1996;155(6):697–706. [PMC free article: PMC1335222] [PubMed: 8823215]
  984. No baseline symptom scores.
  985. Vazquez-Vela Johnson G, Worland R L, Keenan J. et al. Patient demographics as a predictor of the ten-year survival rate in primary total knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2003;85(1):52–6. [PubMed: 12585577]
  986. No baseline symptom scores.
  987. Ververeli P A, Masonis J L, Booth R E. et al. Radiographic cost reduction strategy in total joint arthroplasty. A prospective analysis. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(3):277–80. [PubMed: 8713906]
  988. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  989. Ververeli PA, Sutton DC, Hearn SL, et al. Continuous passive motion after total knee arthroplasty. Analysis of cost and benefits. Clin Orthop 1995; (321):208–15. [PubMed: 7497671]
  990. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  991. Vince K G. Fixation for primary total knee arthroplasty: cemented. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11(2):123–5. [PubMed: 8648302]
  992. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  993. Vresilovic E J, Hozack W J, Booth R E Jr. et al. Comparative risk of early postoperative pulmonary embolism after cemented total knee versus total hip arthroplasty with low-dose warfarin prophylaxis. Am J Knee Surg. 1996;9(1):2–6. [PubMed: 8835022]
  994. Pulmonary embolism study.
  995. Vrettou I, Voyagis G S. Intravenous regional infusion of imipenem for antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1998;15(6):801–2. [PubMed: 9884874]
  996. Infection / antibiotics study.
  997. Waikakul S, Un-Nanuntana A, Jaisue N. Recovery of joint position sense after total knee replacement: the effects of soft tissue dissection. J Med Assoc Thai. 1999;82(12):1187–92. [PubMed: 10659559]
  998. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  999. Wakankar H M, Nicholl J E, Koka R. et al. The tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty. A prospective, randomised study. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1999;81(1):30–3. [PubMed: 10067997]
  1000. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  1001. Wakitani S, Kuwata K, Imoto K. et al. Knee and/or hip joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with HLA-DRB1*0405 in Japanese patients. Clin Rheumatol. 1998;17(6):485–8. [PubMed: 9890676]
  1002. Genetics study.
  1003. Waldman BJ, Mont MA, Hungerford DS. Total knee arthroplasty infections associated with dental procedures. Clin Orthop 1997; (343):164–72. [PubMed: 9345222]
  1004. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1005. Walker PS, Ambarek MS, Morris JR, et al. Anterior-posterior stability in partially conforming condylar knee replacement. Clin Orthop 1995; (310):87–97. [PubMed: 7641465]
  1006. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1007. Walker P S, Manktelow A R. Comparison between a Constrained Condylar and a Rotating Hinge in revision knee surgery. Knee. 2001;8(4):269–79. [PubMed: 11706689]
  1008. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1009. Walsh M, Kennedy D, Stratford P W. et al. Perioperative functional performance of women and men following total knee arthroplasty. Physiother Can. 2001;53(2):92–100.
  1010. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1011. Wammack L, Mabrey J D. Outcomes assessment of total hip and total knee arthroplasty: critical pathways, variance analysis, and continuous quality improvement. Clin Nurse Spec. 1998;12(3):122–9. [PubMed: 9633333]
  1012. Clinical pathways study.
  1013. Wang CJ, Wang HE . Descriptive analysis of the factors associated with patellar fracture after total knee arthroplasty. Medscape Orthop Sports Med New York 1997; 1(9).
  1014. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1015. Wang S T, Hsu H C, Wu J J. et al. Patellar dislocation after total knee arthroplasty. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 1996;57(5):348–54. [PubMed: 8768383]
  1016. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1017. Warwick D J, Whitehouse S. Symptomatic venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1997;79(5):780–6. [PubMed: 9331035]
  1018. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  1019. Wasielewski RC, Weed H, Prezioso C, et al. Patient comorbidity: relationship to outcomes of total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1998; (356):85–92. [PubMed: 9917672]
  1020. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1021. Waters TS, Bentley G. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2003; 85-A(2):212–7. [PubMed: 12571296]
  1022. No baseline symptom scores.
  1023. Weale AE, Halabi OA, Jones PW, et al. Perceptions of outcomes after unicompartmental and total knee replacements. Clin Orthop 2001; (382):143–53. [PubMed: 11153982]
  1024. No baseline symptom scores.
  1025. Weale A E, Murray D W, Newman J H. et al. The length of the patellar tendon after unicompartmental and total knee replacement. J Bone Jt Surg Br. 1999;81(5):790–5. [PubMed: 10530838]
  1026. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1027. Weber A B, Worland R L, Keenan J, Van Bowen J. A study of polyethylene and modularity issues in >1,000 posterior cruciate-retaining knees at 5 to 11 years. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(8):987–91. [PubMed: 12478507]
  1028. Lack of pre- and/or post-functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  1029. Weingarten S, Riedinger M S, Sandhu M. et al. Can practice guidelines safely reduce hospital length of stay? Results from a multicenter interventional study. Am J Med. 1998;105(1):33–40. [PubMed: 9688019]
  1030. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1031. Weingarten S R, Conner L, Riedinger M. et al. Total knee replacement. A guideline to reduce postoperative length of stay. West J Med. 1995;163(1):26–30. [PMC free article: PMC1302911] [PubMed: 7667979]
  1032. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1033. Werkmeister J A, White J F, Edwards G A. et al. Early performance appraisal of the omniflow II vascular prosthesis as an indicator of long-term function. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 1995;5(1):1–10. [PubMed: 10163504]
  1034. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1035. Westrich GH, Allen ML, Tarantino SJ, et al. Ultrasound screening for deep venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty. 2-year reassessment. Clin Orthop 1998; (356):125–33. [PubMed: 9917676]
  1036. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1037. Westrich G H, Sculco T P. Prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty: Pneumatic plantar compression and aspirin compared with aspirin alone. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 1996;78(6):826–34. [PubMed: 8666599]
  1038. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  1039. Wheeler E C. The CNS's impact on process and outcome of patients with total knee replacement. Clin Nurse Spec. 2000;14(4):159–69. [PubMed: 11188426]
  1040. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1041. White RE Jr, Allman JK, Trauger JA, et al. Clinical comparison of the midvastus and medial parapatellar surgical approaches. Clin Orthop 1999; (367):117–22. [PubMed: 10546605]
  1042. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1043. Whiteside LA. Effect of porous-coating configuration on tibial osteolysis after total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1995; (321):92–7. [PubMed: 7497691]
  1044. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1045. Whiteside LA. Fixation for primary total knee arthroplasty: cementless. J Arthroplasty 1996; 11(2):125–7; discussion 128–9. [PubMed: 8648303]
  1046. Editorial / commentary / review article.
  1047. Whiteside LA. Selective ligament release in total knee arthroplasty of the knee in valgus. Clin Orthop 1999; (367):130–40. [PubMed: 10546607]
  1048. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1049. Whiteside L A. Long-term followup of the bone-ingrowth Ortholoc knee system without a metal-backed patella. Clin Orthop. 2001;388:77–84. [PubMed: 11451136]
  1050. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  1051. Whiteside LA, Mihalko WM. Surgical procedure for flexion contracture and recurvatum in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 2002; (404):189–95. [PubMed: 12439259]
  1052. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1053. Williams H R, Macdonald D A. Audit of thromboembolic prophylaxis in hip and knee surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1997;79(1):55–7. [PMC free article: PMC2502610] [PubMed: 9038497]
  1054. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  1055. Williams J I, Llewellyn Thomas H, Arshinoff R. et al. The burden of waiting for hip and knee replacements in Ontario. Ontario Hip and Knee Replacement Project Team. J Eval Clin Pract. 1997;3(1):59–68. [PubMed: 9238608]
  1056. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1057. Williams-Russo P, Sharrock NE, Haas SB, et al. Randomized trial of epidural versus general anesthesia: outcomes after primary total knee replacement. Clin Orthop 1996; (331):199–208. [PubMed: 8895639]
  1058. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1059. Williams-Russo P, Sharrock N E, Mattis S. et al. Cognitive effects after epidural vs general anesthesia in older adults. A randomized trial. JAMA. 1995;274(1):44–50. [PubMed: 7791257]
  1060. Anaesthesia / analgesia / pain study.
  1061. Wood DJ, Smith AJ, Collopy D, White B, Brankov B, Bulsara MK. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized trial. J Bone Jt Surg Am 2002; 84-A(2):187–93. [PubMed: 11861723]
  1062. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  1063. Woolson S T, Robinson R K, Khan N Q. et al. Deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis for knee replacement: warfarin and pneumatic compression. Am J Orthop. 1998;27(4):299–304. [PubMed: 9586729]
  1064. Deep vein thrombosis study.
  1065. Worland R L, Jessup D E, Clelland C. Simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement versus unilateral replacement. Am J Orthop. 1996;25(4):292–5. [PubMed: 8728366]
  1066. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  1067. Worland R L, Jessup D E, Vazquez-Vela Johnson G. et al. The effect of femoral component rotation and asymmetry in total knee replacements. Orthopedics. 2002;25(10):1045–8. [PubMed: 12401010]
  1068. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1069. Worland R L, Jessup D E, Warburton K J, Clelland C. Total knee arthroplasty in the octogenarian. The patients' perspective. Va Med Q. 1997;124(3):188–9. [PubMed: 9227049]
  1070. Lack of pre- and/or post- functional data, or used an excluded function scale.
  1071. Wu CL, Perkins FM. Oral anticoagulant prophylaxis and epidural catheter removal. Reg Anesth 1996; 21(6):517–24. Comment in: Reg Anesth. 1996 Nov-Dec;21(6):503–7. [PubMed: 8956387]
  1072. Catheter study.
  1073. Wulff W, Incavo S J. The effect of patella preparation for total knee arthroplasty on patellar strain: a comparison of resurfacing versus inset implants. J Arthroplasty. 2000;15(6):778–82. [PubMed: 11021455]
  1074. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1075. Xenakis T A, Malizos K N, Dailiana Z. et al. Blood salvage after total hip and total knee arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Sc Suppl. 1997;275:135–8. [PubMed: 9385289]
  1076. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  1077. Yamazaki J, Ishigami S, Nagashima M, Yoshino S. Hy-Flex II total knee system and range of motion. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2002;122(3):156–60. [PubMed: 11927997]
  1078. No baseline symptom scores.
  1079. Yang S H, Liu T K. Intramedullary versus extramedullary tibial alignment guides in total knee arthroplasty. J Formos Med Assoc. 1998;97(8):564–8. [PubMed: 9747068]
  1080. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1081. Yashar AA, Venn-Watson E, Welsh T, et al. Continuous passive motion with accelerated flexion after total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 1997; (345):38–43. [PubMed: 9418619]
  1082. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1083. Yokoyama Y, Inoue H, Ohta Y, Hayashi T, Koura H. Relationship between retention of the posterior cruciate ligament and postoperative flexion in total knee arthroplasty. Acta Med Okayama. 1995;49(6):295–300. [PubMed: 8770238]
  1084. Excluded outcomes scoring method.
  1085. Yoshino S, Nakamura H, Shiga H. et al. Recovery of full flexion after total knee replacement in rheumatoid arthritis--a follow-up study. Int Orthop. 1997;21(2):98–100. [PMC free article: PMC3616659] [PubMed: 9195262]
  1086. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1087. Younger A S, Beauchamp C P, Duncan C P. et al. Position of the knee joint after total joint arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10(1):53–61. [PubMed: 7730831]
  1088. No post-operative outcomes scores.
  1089. Zahiri C A, Schmalzried T P, Szuszczewicz E S. et al. Assessing activity in joint replacement patients. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13(8):890–5. [PubMed: 9880181]
  1090. Less than 100 knees in the study.
  1091. Zamora-Navas P, Collado-Torres F, de la Torre-Solis F. Closed suction drainage after knee arthroplasty. A prospective study of the effectiveness of the operation and of bacterial contamination. Acta Orthop Belg. 1999;65(1):44–7. [PubMed: 10217001]
  1092. Blood / transfusion / tourniquet / drainage study.
  1093. Zenios M, Wykes P, Johnson D S. et al. The use of knee splints after total knee replacements. Knee. 2002;9(3):225–8. [PubMed: 12126682]
  1094. No post-operative outcomes scores.
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Bookshelf ID: NBK37118
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