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Santaguida PL, Gross A, Busse J, et al. Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Back Pain Utilization Report. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2009 Feb. (Evidence Reports/Technology Assessments, No. 177.)

  • This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

Cover of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Back Pain Utilization Report

Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Back Pain Utilization Report.

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Appendix A - Search Strategies Detailed

Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to October Week 4 2007> (Nov05_07)

1.

Acupressure.tw.

2.

Acupuncture.tw.

3.

Alexander Technique.tw.

4.

Anthroposophy.tw.

5.

(Apitherapy or bee venom).tw.

6.

Applied Biomechanics.tw.

7.

Applied Kinesiology.tw.

8.

Aromatherapy.tw.

9.

(art therap$ not “state of the art”).tw.

10.

((autogenic adj3 (therap$ or treatment?)) or passive concentration).tw.

11.

(aversion adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

12.

Ayurved$.tw.

13.

bach flower.tw.

14.

(Balneotherapy or therapeutic bath$).tw.

15.

Biofeedback.tw.

16.

Body Electronics.tw.

17.

(Bowen adj2 (Therap$ or technique?)).tw.

18.

(Breathwork or (breath$ adj (exercis$ or technique?))).tw.

19.

Holotropic?.tw.

20.

Cell Therapy.tw.

21.

(Cheirology or palmistry).tw.

22.

chelation.tw.

23.

Chiropract$.tw.

24.

molecular therap$.tw.

25.

((lumines$ or luminou$) adj2 (treatment? or therap$ or technique?)).tw.

26.

Cognitive Therapy.tw.

27.

((colon or colonic) adj2 (hydrotherapy or irrigation)).tw.

28.

Contact Reflex Analysis.tw.

29.

Craniosacral Therapy.tw.

30.

((crystal? or gemstone?) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

31.

((cupping and mugwort) or moxibustion).tw.

32.

(Detoxification adj2 (Therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

33.

did?eridoo.tw.

34.

(Dream adj2 (Therap$ or analysis)).tw.

35.

((ear adj2 (candling or coning)) or thermal-auricular therapy).tw.

36.

(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or tens or electrotherapy).tw.

37.

(Emotional freedom technique? or (tapping and cupping) or thought field therap$).tw.

38.

(energy adj2 (medicine or field? or therap$)).tw.

39.

(Enzyme adj3 Therap$).tw.

40.

(essence? adj2 (therap$ or flower? or treatment?)).tw.

41.

(Eye Movement Desensiti?ation or emdr).tw.

42.

((fasting or cleansing) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

43.

(Feldenkrais or (body awareness adj2 (therap$ or treatment?))).tw.

44.

(Gerson Therapy or coffee enema?).tw.

45.

Gestalt Therap$.tw.

46.

Guided Imagery.tw.

47.

(healing touch or bodywork).tw.

48.

Hellerwork.tw.

49.

(herbal or herb?).tw.

50.

homeopath$.tw.

51.

((humo?r or laughter) adj3 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

52.

Huna.tw.

53.

(Hydrogen Peroxide adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

54.

(Hydrotherapy or hydropathy).tw.

55.

(hyperbaric adj3 (treatment? or therap$ or oxygen$)).tw.

56.

(hyperthermia adj (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

57.

(hypnotherapy or hypnosis).tw.

58.

(iridology or iridodiagnosis).tw.

59.

Jaffe-Mellor.tw.

60.

Jin Shin Jyutsu.tw.

61.

Juice Therapy.tw.

62.

Kegel Exercise?.tw.

63.

((Light or helio or photo) adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

64.

Macrobiotic?.tw.

65.

(((magnet$ adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)) not “mri”) or magnetotherap$).tw.

66.

Manual Lymphatic Drainage.tw.

67.

marma.tw.

68.

(shiatsu or rolfing or massage).tw.

69.

medical intuiti$.tw.

70.

Meditation.tw.

71.

mind body.tw.

72.

(Music adj (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

73.

Nambudripad.tw.

74.

(NAET or allergy elimination).tw.

75.

Naprapath$.tw.

76.

(nasal adj (irrigation or lavage)).tw.

77.

Naturopath$.tw.

78.

((Neuro-Linguistic or neuro?linguistic) adj1 Programming).tw.

79.

((neuromuscular or trigger point) adj2 (therap$ or myotherapy)).tw.

80.

((nutri$ or diet$) adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

81.

(Orthomolecular or optimum nutrition).tw.

82.

((ozone or oxygen) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

83.

Panchakarma.tw.

84.

past life.tw.

85.

((pet or animal) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

86.

Pilates.tw.

87.

(polarity adj2 (medicine or therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

88.

pranic.tw.

89.

Prayer.tw.

90.

Prolotherapy.tw.

91.

(QiGong or chi kung).tw.

92.

radiance technique?.tw.

93.

Rapid Eye Technology.tw.

94.

Reflexology.tw.

95.

Reiki.tw.

96.

(relaxation adj2 (therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

97.

(Somatic Ontology or Structural Integration).tw.

98.

Rosen Method.tw.

99.

Rubenfeld Synergy.tw.

100.

shaman$.tw.

101.

(spiritual$ adj3 (healing or therap$ or treatment? or practice?)).tw.

102.

Stress Management.tw.

103.

Tai Chi.tw.

104.

(tao or taoist or taoism or daoism or daoist).tw.

105.

(touch adj2 (therapeutic or treatment? or healing or therap$)).tw.

106.

((chinese or oriental) adj2 (medicine or treatment? or healing)).tw.

107.

transsage.tw.

108.

(Trager adj2 (Method or approach or technique? or work)).tw.

109.

(trepan$ or burr hole).tw.

110.

(Tuina or tui na).tw.

111.

Urani Medicine.tw.

112.

(Urine Therapy or urotherapy or urinotherapy).tw.

113.

(visuali?ation adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

114.

Visceral Manipulation.tw.

115.

((vitamin or megavitamin) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

116.

Watsu.tw.

117.

Wave Work.tw.

118.

(yoga or yogic).tw.

119.

johrei.tw.

120.

qui gong.tw.

121.

speleotherapy.tw.

122.

halotherapy.tw.

123.

(hopi adj3 candle?).tw.

124.

biofield.tw.

125.

(holistic adj3 (medicine or healing or treatment? or therap$)).tw.

126.

Bioelectromagnetic.tw.

127.

kampo.tw.

128.

muti.tw.

129.

(microcurrent adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

130.

((traditional or tibetan or Indian or Chinese or Arabic or African or mongolian) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

131.

(Chromatotherapy or colo?r therapy).tw.

132.

(kirlian photography or gas discharge visuali#ation).tw.

133.

((complementary or alternative or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

134.

((complementary or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

135.

or/1–134

136.

exp complementary therapies/

137.

Formularies, Homeopathic/

138.

Pharmacopoeias, Homeopathic/

139.

plants, medicinal/

140.

Medicine, Herbal/

141.

Chiropractic/

142.

Acupuncture/

143.

Osteopathic Medicine/

144.

Electroacupuncture/

145.

exp Plant Extracts/

146.

exp balneology/

147.

exp nutrition therapy/

148.

exp phototherapy/

149.

exp exercise movement techniques/

150.

exp Hyperthermia, Induced/

151.

exp venoms/

152.

exp Musculoskeletal Manipulations/

153.

exp psychotherapy/

154.

hydrotherapy/

155.

exp oxygen inhalation therapy/

156.

exp physical therapy modalities/

157.

Ethnopharmacology/

158.

Ethnobotany/

159.

exp Pharmacognosy/

160.

exp oils/

161.

Materia Medica/

162.

exp self care/

163.

spirituality/

164.

or/136–163

165.

135 or 164

166.

exp Neck/

167.

exp spine/

168.

exp back/

169.

Neck Muscles/

170.

or/166–169

171.

pain/ or pain, intractable/ or pain, referred/

172.

(pain$ or ache?).tw.

173.

or/171–172

174.

170 and 173

175.

exp back pain/

176.

exp back injuries/ or exp neck injuries/ or exp spinal cord injuries/ or exp spinal injuries/

177.

Neck Pain/

178.

exp spinal diseases/

179.

Sciatica/

180.

coccy$.tw.

181.

dorsalgia.tw.

182.

sciatica.tw.

183.

spondyl$.tw.

184.

lumbago.tw.

185.

facet joint?.tw.

186.

arachnoiditis.tw.

187.

failed back.tw.

188.

(stenosis adj3 spin$).tw.

189.

discitis.tw.

190.

(dis? adj3 (degener$ or prolapse or hernia$ or bulge or protrusion or extrusion or sequestration or disorder? or disease? or rupture?)).tw.

191.

backache?.tw.

192.

((back or neck or spine or spinal or lumb$) adj3 (ache? or pain?)).tw.

193.

or/174–192

194.

limit 193 to complementary medicine

195.

165 and 193

196.

or/194–195

197.

ut.fs.

198.

td.fs.

199.

sn.fs.

200.

(“use” or “used” or usage or utili?ation).tw.

201.

consumption.ti.

202.

exp Data Collection/

203.

exp Consumer Satisfaction/

204.

exp delivery of health care/

205.

“quality of health care”/ or “process assessment (health care)”/ or “utilization review”/

206.

tu.fs.

207.

or/197–206

208.

196 and 207

209.

limit 208 to yr=“1990 - 2007”

210.

animals/ not (animals/ and humans/)

211.

209 not 210

212.

limit 211 to english language

213.

(note or comment or editorial or letter).pt.

214.

212 not 213

AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine) <1985 to November 2007> Search Strategy (Nov5_07)

1.

Acupressure.tw.

2.

Acupuncture.tw.

3.

Alexander Technique.tw.

4.

Anthroposophy.tw.

5.

(Apitherapy or bee venom).tw.

6.

Applied Biomechanics.tw.

7.

Applied Kinesiology.tw.

8.

Aromatherapy.tw.

9.

(art therap$ not “state of the art”).tw.

10.

((autogenic adj3 (therap$ or treatment?)) or passive concentration).tw.

11.

(aversion adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

12.

Ayurved$.tw.

13.

bach flower.tw.

14.

(Balneotherapy or therapeutic bath$).tw.

15.

Biofeedback.tw.

16.

Body Electronics.tw.

17.

(Bowen adj2 (Therap$ or technique?)).tw.

18.

(Breathwork or (breath$ adj (exercis$ or technique?))).tw.

19.

Holotropic?.tw.

20.

Cell Therapy.tw.

21.

(Cheirology or palmistry).tw.

22.

chelation.tw.

23.

Chiropract$.tw.

24.

molecular therap$.tw.

25.

((lumines$ or luminou$) adj2 (treatment? or therap$ or technique?)).tw.

26.

Cognitive Therapy.tw.

27.

((colon or colonic) adj2 (hydrotherapy or irrigation)).tw.

28.

Contact Reflex Analysis.tw.

29.

Craniosacral Therapy.tw.

30.

((crystal? or gemstone?) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

31.

((cupping and mugwort) or moxibustion).tw.

32.

(Detoxification adj2 (Therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

33.

did?eridoo.tw.

34.

(Dream adj2 (Therap$ or analysis)).tw.

35.

((ear adj2 (candling or coning)) or thermal-auricular therapy).tw.

36.

(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or tens or electrotherapy).tw.

37.

(Emotional freedom technique? or (tapping and cupping) or thought field therap$).tw.

38.

(energy adj2 (medicine or field? or therap$)).tw.

39.

(Enzyme adj3 Therap$).tw.

40.

(essence? adj2 (therap$ or flower? or treatment?)).tw.

41.

(Eye Movement Desensiti?ation or emdr).tw.

42.

((fasting or cleansing) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

43.

(Feldenkrais or (body awareness adj2 (therap$ or treatment?))).tw.

44.

(Gerson Therapy or coffee enema?).tw.

45.

Gestalt Therap$.tw.

46.

Guided Imagery.tw.

47.

(healing touch or bodywork).tw.

48.

Hellerwork.tw.

49.

(herbal or herb?).tw.

50.

homeopath$.tw.

51.

((humo?r or laughter) adj3 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

52.

Huna.tw.

53.

(Hydrogen Peroxide adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

54.

(Hydrotherapy or hydropathy).tw.

55.

(hyperbaric adj3 (treatment? or therap$ or oxygen$)).tw.

56.

(hyperthermia adj (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

57.

(hypnotherapy or hypnosis).tw.

58.

(iridology or iridodiagnosis).tw.

59.

Jaffe-Mellor.tw.

60.

Jin Shin Jyutsu.tw.

61.

Juice Therapy.tw.

62.

Kegel Exercise?.tw.

63.

((Light or helio or photo) adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

64.

Macrobiotic?.tw.

65.

(((magnet$ adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)) not “mri”) or magnetotherap$).tw.

66.

Manual Lymphatic Drainage.tw.

67.

marma.tw.

68.

(shiatsu or rolfing or massage).tw.

69.

medical intuiti$.tw.

70.

Meditation.tw.

71.

mind body.tw.

72.

(Music adj (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

73.

Nambudripad.tw.

74.

(NAET or allergy elimination).tw.

75.

Naprapath$.tw.

76.

(nasal adj (irrigation or lavage)).tw.

77.

Naturopath$.tw.

78.

((Neuro-Linguistic or neuro?linguistic) adj1 Programming).tw.

79.

((neuromuscular or trigger point) adj2 (therap$ or myotherapy)).tw.

80.

((nutri$ or diet$) adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

81.

(Orthomolecular or optimum nutrition).tw.

82.

((ozone or oxygen) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

83.

Panchakarma.tw.

84.

past life.tw.

85.

((pet or animal) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

86.

Pilates.tw.

87.

(polarity adj2 (medicine or therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

88.

pranic.tw.

89.

Prayer.tw.

90.

Prolotherapy.tw.

91.

(QiGong or chi kung).tw.

92.

radiance technique?.tw.

93.

Rapid Eye Technology.tw.

94.

Reflexology.tw.

95.

Reiki.tw.

96.

(relaxation adj2 (therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

97.

(Somatic Ontology or Structural Integration).tw.

98.

Rosen Method.tw.

99.

Rubenfeld Synergy.tw.

100.

shaman$.tw.

101.

(spiritual$ adj3 (healing or therap$ or treatment? or practice?)).tw.

102.

Stress Management.tw.

103.

Tai Chi.tw.

104.

(tao or taoist or taoism or daoism or daoist).tw.

105.

(touch adj2 (therapeutic or treatment? or healing or therap$)).tw.

106.

((chinese or oriental) adj2 (medicine or treatment? or healing)).tw.

107.

transsage.tw.

108.

(Trager adj2 (Method or approach or technique? or work)).tw.

109.

(trepan$ or burr hole).tw.

110.

(Tuina or tui na).tw.

111.

Urani Medicine.tw.

112.

(Urine Therapy or urotherapy or urinotherapy).tw.

113.

(visuali?ation adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

114.

Visceral Manipulation.tw.

115.

((vitamin or megavitamin) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

116.

Watsu.tw.

117.

Wave Work.tw.

118.

(yoga or yogic).tw.

119.

johrei.tw.

120.

qui gong.tw.

121.

speleotherapy.tw.

122.

halotherapy.tw.

123.

(hopi adj3 candle?).tw.

124.

biofield.tw.

125.

(holistic adj3 (medicine or healing or treatment? or therap$)).tw.

126.

Bioelectromagnetic.tw.

127.

kampo.tw.

128.

muti.tw.

129.

(microcurrent adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

130.

((traditional or tibetan or Indian or Chinese or Arabic or African or mongolian) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

131.

(Chromatotherapy or colo?r therapy).tw.

132.

(kirlian photography or gas discharge visuali#ation).tw.

133.

((complementary or alternative or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

134.

((complementary or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

135.

or/1–134

136.

exp complementary medicine/

137.

acupuncture/ or chiropractic/

138.

exp homeopathic drugs/

139.

exp plant extracts/

140.

exp plants medicinal/

141.

Osteopathy/

142.

physical medicine/

143.

hyperthermia induced/

144.

exp Oxygen inhalation therapy/

145.

exp psychotherapy/

146.

spirituality/

147.

exp physical therapy modalities/

148.

or/136–147

149.

135 or 148

150.

exp neck/

151.

exp spine/

152.

exp back/

153.

Neck Muscles/

154.

or/150–153

155.

pain/ or pain, intractable/

156.

(pain$ or ache?).tw.

157.

or/155–156

158.

154 and 157

159.

exp backache/

160.

back injuries/ or exp neck injuries/ or exp spinal cord injuries/ or spinal injuries/

161.

Neck Pain/

162.

exp spinal disease/

163.

Sciatica/

164.

coccy$.tw.

165.

dorsalgia.tw.

166.

sciatica.tw.

167.

spondyl$.tw.

168.

lumbago.tw.

169.

(dis? adj3 (degener$ or prolapse or hernia$ or bulge or protrusion or extrusion or sequestration or disorder? or disease? or rupture?)).tw.

170.

facet joint?.tw.

171.

arachnoiditis.tw.

172.

failed back.tw.

173.

(stenosis adj3 spin$).tw.

174.

discitis.tw.

175.

((back or neck or spine or spinal or lumb$) adj3 (ache? or pain?)).tw.

176.

backache?.tw.

177.

or/158–176

178.

149 and 177

179.

limit 178 to yr=“1990 - 2007”

180.

limit 179 to english language

181.

(editorial or letter or comment).pt.

182.

180 not 181

EBM Reviews - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials <4th Quarter 2007> Search Strategy (Nov05_07)

1.

Acupressure.tw.

2.

Acupuncture.tw.

3.

Alexander Technique.tw.

4.

Anthroposophy.tw.

5.

(Apitherapy or bee venom).tw.

6.

Applied Biomechanics.tw.

7.

Applied Kinesiology.tw.

8.

Aromatherapy.tw.

9.

(art therap$ not “state of the art”).tw.

10.

((autogenic adj3 (therap$ or treatment?)) or passive concentration).tw.

11.

(aversion adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

12.

Ayurved$.tw.

13.

bach flower.tw.

14.

(Balneotherapy or therapeutic bath$).tw.

15.

Biofeedback.tw.

16.

Body Electronics.tw.

17.

(Bowen adj2 (Therap$ or technique?)).tw.

18.

(Breathwork or (breath$ adj (exercis$ or technique?))).tw.

19.

Holotropic?.tw.

20.

Cell Therapy.tw.

21.

(Cheirology or palmistry).tw.

22.

chelation.tw.

23.

Chiropract$.tw.

24.

molecular therap$.tw.

25.

((lumines$ or luminou$) adj2 (treatment? or therap$ or technique?)).tw.

26.

Cognitive Therapy.tw.

27.

((colon or colonic) adj2 (hydrotherapy or irrigation)).tw.

28.

Contact Reflex Analysis.tw.

29.

Craniosacral Therapy.tw.

30.

((crystal? or gemstone?) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

31.

((cupping and mugwort) or moxibustion).tw.

32.

(Detoxification adj2 (Therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

33.

did?eridoo.tw.

34.

(Dream adj2 (Therap$ or analysis)).tw.

35.

((ear adj2 (candling or coning)) or thermal-auricular therapy).tw.

36.

(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or tens or electrotherapy).tw.

37.

(Emotional freedom technique? or (tapping and cupping) or thought field therap$).tw.

38.

(energy adj2 (medicine or field? or therap$)).tw.

39.

(Enzyme adj3 Therap$).tw.

40.

(essence? adj2 (therap$ or flower? or treatment?)).tw.

41.

(Eye Movement Desensiti?ation or emdr).tw.

42.

((fasting or cleansing) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

43.

(Feldenkrais or (body awareness adj2 (therap$ or treatment?))).tw.

44.

(Gerson Therapy or coffee enema?).tw.

45.

Gestalt Therap$.tw.

46.

Guided Imagery.tw.

47.

(healing touch or bodywork).tw.

48.

Hellerwork.tw.

49.

(herbal or herb?).tw.

50.

homeopath$.tw.

51.

((humo?r or laughter) adj3 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

52.

Huna.tw.

53.

(Hydrogen Peroxide adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

54.

(Hydrotherapy or hydropathy).tw.

55.

(hyperbaric adj3 (treatment? or therap$ or oxygen$)).tw.

56.

(hyperthermia adj (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

57.

(hypnotherapy or hypnosis).tw.

58.

(iridology or iridodiagnosis).tw.

59.

Jaffe-Mellor.tw.

60.

Jin Shin Jyutsu.tw.

61.

Juice Therapy.tw.

62.

Kegel Exercise?.tw.

63.

((Light or helio or photo) adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

64.

Macrobiotic?.tw.

65.

(((magnet$ adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)) not “mri”) or magnetotherap$).tw.

66.

Manual Lymphatic Drainage.tw.

67.

marma.tw.

68.

(shiatsu or rolfing or massage).tw.

69.

medical intuiti$.tw.

70.

Meditation.tw.

71.

mind body.tw.

72.

(Music adj (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

73.

Nambudripad.tw.

74.

(NAET or allergy elimination).tw.

75.

Naprapath$.tw.

76.

(nasal adj (irrigation or lavage)).tw.

77.

Naturopath$.tw.

78.

((Neuro-Linguistic or neuro?linguistic) adj1 Programming).tw.

79.

((neuromuscular or trigger point) adj2 (therap$ or myotherapy)).tw.

80.

((nutri$ or diet$) adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

81.

(Orthomolecular or optimum nutrition).tw.

82.

((ozone or oxygen) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

83.

Panchakarma.tw.

84.

past life.tw.

85.

((pet or animal) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

86.

Pilates.tw.

87.

(polarity adj2 (medicine or therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

88.

pranic.tw.

89.

Prayer.tw.

90.

Prolotherapy.tw.

91.

(QiGong or chi kung).tw.

92.

radiance technique?.tw.

93.

Rapid Eye Technology.tw.

94.

Reflexology.tw.

95.

Reiki.tw.

96.

(relaxation adj2 (therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

97.

(Somatic Ontology or Structural Integration).tw.

98.

Rosen Method.tw.

99.

Rubenfeld Synergy.tw.

100.

shaman$.tw.

101.

(spiritual$ adj3 (healing or therap$ or treatment? or practice?)).tw.

102.

Stress Management.tw.

103.

Tai Chi.tw.

104.

(tao or taoist or taoism or daoism or daoist).tw.

105.

(touch adj2 (therapeutic or treatment? or healing or therap$)).tw.

106.

((chinese or oriental) adj2 (medicine or treatment? or healing)).tw.

107.

transsage.tw.

108.

(Trager adj2 (Method or approach or technique? or work)).tw.

109.

(trepan$ or burr hole).tw.

110.

(Tuina or tui na).tw.

111.

Urani Medicine.tw.

112.

(Urine Therapy or urotherapy or urinotherapy).tw.

113.

(visuali?ation adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

114.

Visceral Manipulation.tw.

115.

((vitamin or megavitamin) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

116.

Watsu.tw.

117.

Wave Work.tw.

118.

(yoga or yogic).tw.

119.

johrei.tw.

120.

qui gong.tw.

121.

speleotherapy.tw.

122.

halotherapy.tw.

123.

(hopi adj3 candle?).tw.

124.

biofield.tw.

125.

(holistic adj3 (medicine or healing or treatment? or therap$)).tw.

126.

Bioelectromagnetic.tw.

127.

kampo.tw.

128.

muti.tw.

129.

(microcurrent adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

130.

((traditional or tibetan or Indian or Chinese or Arabic or African or mongolian) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

131.

(Chromatotherapy or colo?r therapy).tw.

132.

(kirlian photography or gas discharge visuali#ation).tw.

133.

((complementary or alternative or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

134.

((complementary or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

135.

or/1–134

136.

exp complementary therapies/

137.

Formularies, Homeopathic/

138.

Pharmacopoeias, Homeopathic/

139.

plants, medicinal/

140.

Medicine, Herbal/

141.

Chiropractic/

142.

Acupuncture/

143.

Osteopathic Medicine/

144.

Electroacupuncture/

145.

exp Plant Extracts/

146.

exp balneology/

147.

exp nutrition therapy/

148.

exp phototherapy/

149.

exp exercise movement techniques/

150.

exp Hyperthermia, Induced/

151.

exp venoms/

152.

exp Musculoskeletal Manipulations/

153.

exp psychotherapy/

154.

hydrotherapy/

155.

exp oxygen inhalation therapy/

156.

exp physical therapy modalities/

157.

Ethnopharmacology/

158.

Ethnobotany/

159.

exp Pharmacognosy/

160.

exp oils/

161.

Materia Medica/

162.

exp self care/

163.

spirituality/

164.

or/136–163

165.

135 or 164

166.

exp Neck/

167.

exp spine/

168.

exp back/

169.

Neck Muscles/

170.

or/166–169

171.

pain/ or pain, intractable/ or pain, referred/

172.

(pain$ or ache?).tw.

173.

or/171–172

174.

170 and 173

175.

exp back pain/

176.

exp back injuries/ or exp neck injuries/ or exp spinal cord injuries/ or exp spinal injuries/

177.

Neck Pain/

178.

exp spinal diseases/

179.

Sciatica/

180.

coccy$.tw.

181.

dorsalgia.tw.

182.

sciatica.tw.

183.

spondyl$.tw.

184.

lumbago.tw.

185.

facet joint?.tw.

186.

arachnoiditis.tw.

187.

failed back.tw.

188.

(stenosis adj3 spin$).tw.

189.

discitis.tw.

190.

(dis? adj3 (degener$ or prolapse or hernia$ or bulge or protrusion or extrusion or sequestration or disorder? or disease? or rupture?)).tw.

191.

backache?.tw.

192.

((back or neck or spine or spinal or lumb$) adj3 (ache? or pain?)).tw.

193.

or/174–192

194.

165 and 193

195.

limit 194 to yr=“1990 - 2007”

CINAHL - Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature <1982 to October Week 4 2007> Search Strategy (Nov5_07)

1.

Acupressure.tw.

2.

Acupuncture.tw.

3.

Alexander Technique.tw.

4.

Anthroposophy.tw.

5.

(Apitherapy or bee venom).tw.

6.

Applied Biomechanics.tw.

7.

Applied Kinesiology.tw.

8.

Aromatherapy.tw.

9.

(art therap$ not “state of the art”).tw.

10.

((autogenic adj3 (therap$ or treatment?)) or passive concentration).tw.

11.

(aversion adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

12.

Ayurved$.tw.

13.

bach flower.tw.

14.

(Balneotherapy or therapeutic bath$).tw.

15.

Biofeedback.tw.

16.

Body Electronics.tw.

17.

(Bowen adj2 (Therap$ or technique?)).tw.

18.

(Breathwork or (breath$ adj (exercis$ or technique?))).tw.

19.

Holotropic?.tw.

20.

Cell Therapy.tw.

21.

(Cheirology or palmistry).tw.

22.

chelation.tw.

23.

Chiropract$.tw.

24.

molecular therap$.tw.

25.

((lumines$ or luminou$) adj2 (treatment? or therap$ or technique?)).tw.

26.

Cognitive Therapy.tw.

27.

((colon or colonic) adj2 (hydrotherapy or irrigation)).tw.

28.

Contact Reflex Analysis.tw.

29.

Craniosacral Therapy.tw.

30.

((crystal? or gemstone?) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

31.

((cupping and mugwort) or moxibustion).tw.

32.

(Detoxification adj2 (Therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

33.

did?eridoo.tw.

34.

(Dream adj2 (Therap$ or analysis)).tw.

35.

((ear adj2 (candling or coning)) or thermal-auricular therapy).tw.

36.

(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or tens or electrotherapy).tw.

37.

(Emotional freedom technique? or (tapping and cupping) or thought field therap$).tw.

38.

(energy adj2 (medicine or field? or therap$)).tw.

39.

(Enzyme adj3 Therap$).tw.

40.

(essence? adj2 (therap$ or flower? or treatment?)).tw.

41.

(Eye Movement Desensiti?ation or emdr).tw.

42.

((fasting or cleansing) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

43.

(Feldenkrais or (body awareness adj2 (therap$ or treatment?))).tw.

44.

(Gerson Therapy or coffee enema?).tw.

45.

Gestalt Therap$.tw.

46.

Guided Imagery.tw.

47.

(healing touch or bodywork).tw.

48.

Hellerwork.tw.

49.

(herbal or herb?).tw.

50.

homeopath$.tw.

51.

((humo?r or laughter) adj3 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

52.

Huna.tw.

53.

(Hydrogen Peroxide adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

54.

(Hydrotherapy or hydropathy).tw.

55.

(hyperbaric adj3 (treatment? or therap$ or oxygen$)).tw.

56.

(hyperthermia adj (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

57.

(hypnotherapy or hypnosis).tw.

58.

(iridology or iridodiagnosis).tw.

59.

Jaffe-Mellor.tw.

60.

Jin Shin Jyutsu.tw.

61.

Juice Therapy.tw.

62.

Kegel Exercise?.tw.

63.

((Light or helio or photo) adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

64.

Macrobiotic?.tw.

65.

(((magnet$ adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)) not “mri”) or magnetotherap$).tw.

66.

Manual Lymphatic Drainage.tw.

67.

marma.tw.

68.

(shiatsu or rolfing or massage).tw.

69.

medical intuiti$.tw.

70.

Meditation.tw.

71.

mind body.tw.

72.

(Music adj (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

73.

Nambudripad.tw.

74.

(NAET or allergy elimination).tw.

75.

Naprapath$.tw.

76.

(nasal adj (irrigation or lavage)).tw.

77.

Naturopath$.tw.

78.

((Neuro-Linguistic or neuro?linguistic) adj1 Programming).tw.

79.

((neuromuscular or trigger point) adj2 (therap$ or myotherapy)).tw.

80.

((nutri$ or diet$) adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

81.

(Orthomolecular or optimum nutrition).tw.

82.

((ozone or oxygen) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

83.

Panchakarma.tw.

84.

past life.tw.

85.

((pet or animal) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

86.

Pilates.tw.

87.

(polarity adj2 (medicine or therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

88.

pranic.tw.

89.

Prayer.tw.

90.

Prolotherapy.tw.

91.

(QiGong or chi kung).tw.

92.

radiance technique?.tw.

93.

Rapid Eye Technology.tw.

94.

Reflexology.tw.

95.

Reiki.tw.

96.

(relaxation adj2 (therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

97.

(Somatic Ontology or Structural Integration).tw.

98.

Rosen Method.tw.

99.

Rubenfeld Synergy.tw.

100.

shaman$.tw.

101.

(spiritual$ adj3 (healing or therap$ or treatment? or practice?)).tw.

102.

Stress Management.tw.

103.

Tai Chi.tw.

104.

(tao or taoist or taoism or daoism or daoist).tw.

105.

(touch adj2 (therapeutic or treatment? or healing or therap$)).tw.

106.

((chinese or oriental) adj2 (medicine or treatment? or healing)).tw.

107.

transsage.tw.

108.

(Trager adj2 (Method or approach or technique? or work)).tw.

109.

(trepan$ or burr hole).tw.

110.

(Tuina or tui na).tw.

111.

Urani Medicine.tw.

112.

(Urine Therapy or urotherapy or urinotherapy).tw.

113.

(visuali?ation adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

114.

Visceral Manipulation.tw.

115.

((vitamin or megavitamin) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

116.

Watsu.tw.

117.

Wave Work.tw.

118.

(yoga or yogic).tw.

119.

johrei.tw.

120.

qui gong.tw.

121.

speleotherapy.tw.

122.

halotherapy.tw.

123.

(hopi adj3 candle?).tw.

124.

biofield.tw.

125.

(holistic adj3 (medicine or healing or treatment? or therap$)).tw.

126.

Bioelectromagnetic.tw.

127.

kampo.tw.

128.

muti.tw.

129.

(microcurrent adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

130.

((traditional or tibetan or Indian or Chinese or Arabic or African or mongolian) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

131.

(Chromatotherapy or colo?r therapy).tw.

132.

(kirlian photography or gas discharge visuali#ation).tw.

133.

((complementary or alternative or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

134.

((complementary or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

135.

or/1–134

136.

exp Alternative Therapies/

137.

research, alternative therapies/ or research, chiropractic/

138.

Homeopathic Agents/

139.

exp Plants, Medicinal/

140.

exp Alternative Health Personnel/

141.

exp Plant Extracts/

142.

Chiropractic Practice/

143.

Osteopathy/

144.

balneology/ or exp hydrotherapy/ or exp hyperthermia, induced/ or exp massage/ or exp phototherapy/ or hyperoxygenation/ or exp oxygen therapy/

145.

exp Venoms/

146.

exp Psychotherapy/

147.

Energy Field/

148.

iridology/

149.

photochemotherapy/ or exp photodynamic therapy/ or exp diet therapy/

150.

exp Alternative Health Personnel/

151.

self care/ or self medication/

152.

exp Oils/

153.

nutritional support/ or exp dietary supplementation/

154.

Spirituality/

155.

or/136–154

156.

135 or 155

157.

exp Neck/

158.

exp spine/

159.

exp back/

160.

neck muscles/

161.

or/157–160

162.

pain/ or chronic pain/ or muscle pain/ or referred pain/

163.

(pain$ or ache?).tw.

164.

or/162–163

165.

161 and 164

166.

exp Back Pain/

167.

exp back injuries/ or exp neck injuries/ or exp spinal cord injuries/ or exp spinal injuries/

168.

neck pain/

169.

sciatica/

170.

exp Spinal Diseases/

171.

coccy$.tw.

172.

dorsalgia.tw.

173.

sciatica.tw.

174.

spondyl$.tw.

175.

lumbago.tw.

176.

(dis? adj3 (degener$ or prolapse or hernia$ or bulge or protrusion or extrusion or sequestration or disorder? or disease? or rupture?)).tw.

177.

facet joint?.tw.

178.

arachnoiditis.tw.

179.

failed back.tw.

180.

(stenosis adj3 spin$).tw.

181.

discitis.tw.

182.

((back or neck or spine or spinal or lumb$) adj3 (ache? or pain?)).tw.

183.

or/165–182

184.

156 and 183

185.

ut.fs.

186.

td.fs.

187.

tu.fs.

188.

(“use” or “used” or usage or utili?ation).tw.

189.

consumption.ti.

190.

exp Data Collection/

191.

exp Consumer Satisfaction/

192.

“quality of health care”/ or “process assessment (health care)”/ or “utilization review”/

193.

exp health care delivery/

194.

Trend Studies/

195.

or/185–194

196.

184 and 195

197.

limit 196 to yr=“1990 - 2007”

198.

limit 197 to english

199.

(letter or editorial).pt.

200.

198 not 199

EMBASE <1980 to 2007 Week 44> Search Strategy (Nov5_07)

1.

Acupressure.tw.

2.

Acupuncture.tw.

3.

Alexander Technique.tw.

4.

Anthroposophy.tw.

5.

(Apitherapy or bee venom).tw.

6.

Applied Biomechanics.tw.

7.

Applied Kinesiology.tw.

8.

Aromatherapy.tw.

9.

(art therap$ not “state of the art”).tw.

10.

((autogenic adj3 (therap$ or treatment?)) or passive concentration).tw.

11.

(aversion adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

12.

Ayurved$.tw.

13.

bach flower.tw.

14.

(Balneotherapy or therapeutic bath$).tw.

15.

Biofeedback.tw.

16.

Body Electronics.tw.

17.

(Bowen adj2 (Therap$ or technique?)).tw.

18.

(Breathwork or (breath$ adj (exercis$ or technique?))).tw.

19.

Holotropic?.tw.

20.

Cell Therapy.tw.

21.

(Cheirology or palmistry).tw.

22.

chelation.tw.

23.

Chiropract$.tw.

24.

molecular therap$.tw.

25.

((lumines$ or luminou$) adj2 (treatment? or therap$ or technique?)).tw.

26.

Cognitive Therapy.tw.

27.

((colon or colonic) adj2 (hydrotherapy or irrigation)).tw.

28.

Contact Reflex Analysis.tw.

29.

Craniosacral Therapy.tw.

30.

((crystal? or gemstone?) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

31.

((cupping and mugwort) or moxibustion).tw.

32.

(Detoxification adj2 (Therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

33.

did?eridoo.tw.

34.

(Dream adj2 (Therap$ or analysis)).tw.

35.

((ear adj2 (candling or coning)) or thermal-auricular therapy).tw.

36.

(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or tens or electrotherapy).tw.

37.

(Emotional freedom technique? or (tapping and cupping) or thought field therap$).tw.

38.

(energy adj2 (medicine or field? or therap$)).tw.

39.

(Enzyme adj3 Therap$).tw.

40.

(essence? adj2 (therap$ or flower? or treatment?)).tw.

41.

(Eye Movement Desensiti?ation or emdr).tw.

42.

((fasting or cleansing) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

43.

(Feldenkrais or (body awareness adj2 (therap$ or treatment?))).tw.

44.

(Gerson Therapy or coffee enema?).tw.

45.

Gestalt Therap$.tw.

46.

Guided Imagery.tw.

47.

(healing touch or bodywork).tw.

48.

Hellerwork.tw.

49.

(herbal or herb?).tw.

50.

homeopath$.tw.

51.

((humo?r or laughter) adj3 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

52.

Huna.tw.

53.

(Hydrogen Peroxide adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

54.

(Hydrotherapy or hydropathy).tw.

55.

(hyperbaric adj3 (treatment? or therap$ or oxygen$)).tw.

56.

(hyperthermia adj (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

57.

(hypnotherapy or hypnosis).tw.

58.

(iridology or iridodiagnosis).tw.

59.

Jaffe-Mellor.tw.

60.

Jin Shin Jyutsu.tw.

61.

Juice Therapy.tw.

62.

Kegel Exercise?.tw.

63.

((Light or helio or photo) adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

64.

Macrobiotic?.tw.

65.

(((magnet$ adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)) not “mri”) or magnetotherap$).tw.

66.

Manual Lymphatic Drainage.tw.

67.

marma.tw.

68.

(shiatsu or rolfing or massage).tw.

69.

medical intuiti$.tw.

70.

Meditation.tw.

71.

mind body.tw.

72.

(Music adj (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

73.

Nambudripad.tw.

74.

(NAET or allergy elimination).tw.

75.

Naprapath$.tw.

76.

(nasal adj (irrigation or lavage)).tw.

77.

Naturopath$.tw.

78.

((Neuro-Linguistic or neuro?linguistic) adj1 Programming).tw.

79.

((neuromuscular or trigger point) adj2 (therap$ or myotherapy)).tw.

80.

((nutri$ or diet$) adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

81.

(Orthomolecular or optimum nutrition).tw.

82.

((ozone or oxygen) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

83.

Panchakarma.tw.

84.

past life.tw.

85.

((pet or animal) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

86.

Pilates.tw.

87.

(polarity adj2 (medicine or therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

88.

pranic.tw.

89.

Prayer.tw.

90.

Prolotherapy.tw.

91.

(QiGong or chi kung).tw.

92.

radiance technique?.tw.

93.

Rapid Eye Technology.tw.

94.

Reflexology.tw.

95.

Reiki.tw.

96.

(relaxation adj2 (therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

97.

(Somatic Ontology or Structural Integration).tw.

98.

Rosen Method.tw.

99.

Rubenfeld Synergy.tw.

100.

shaman$.tw.

101.

(spiritual$ adj3 (healing or therap$ or treatment? or practice?)).tw.

102.

Stress Management.tw.

103.

Tai Chi.tw.

104.

(tao or taoist or taoism or daoism or daoist).tw.

105.

(touch adj2 (therapeutic or treatment? or healing or therap$)).tw.

106.

((chinese or oriental) adj2 (medicine or treatment? or healing)).tw.

107.

transsage.tw.

108.

(Trager adj2 (Method or approach or technique? or work)).tw.

109.

(trepan$ or burr hole).tw.

110.

(Tuina or tui na).tw.

111.

Urani Medicine.tw.

112.

(Urine Therapy or urotherapy or urinotherapy).tw.

113.

(visuali?ation adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

114.

Visceral Manipulation.tw.

115.

((vitamin or megavitamin) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

116.

Watsu.tw.

117.

Wave Work.tw.

118.

(yoga or yogic).tw.

119.

johrei.tw.

120.

qui gong.tw.

121.

speleotherapy.tw.

122.

halotherapy.tw.

123.

(hopi adj3 candle?).tw.

124.

biofield.tw.

125.

(holistic adj3 (medicine or healing or treatment? or therap$)).tw.

126.

Bioelectromagnetic.tw.

127.

kampo.tw.

128.

muti.tw.

129.

(microcurrent adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

130.

((traditional or tibetan or Indian or Chinese or Arabic or African or mongolian) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

131.

(Chromatotherapy or colo?r therapy).tw.

132.

(kirlian photography or gas discharge visuali#ation).tw.

133.

((complementary or alternative or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

134.

((complementary or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

135.

or/1–134

136.

exp psychiatric treatment/

137.

exp alternative medicine/

138.

exp traditional medicine/

139.

exp Acupuncture/

140.

homeopathy/

141.

ayurvedic drug/ or homeopathic agent/

142.

meditation/

143.

transcendental meditation/

144.

exp physical medicine/

145.

exp Medicinal Plant/

146.

exp Plant Extract/

147.

exp plant medicinal product/ or ayurvedic drug/ or homeopathic agent/

148.

exp Venom/

149.

exp diet therapy/

150.

exp edible oil/

151.

chelation therapy/

152.

phytotherapy/

153.

exp self care/

154.

religion/

155.

or/136–154

156.

135 or 155

157.

exp Back/

158.

exp neck/

159.

or/157–158

160.

pain/ or chronic pain/ or intractable pain/

161.

(pain$ or ache?).tw.

162.

or/160–161

163.

159 and 162

164.

exp Backache/

165.

Neck Pain/

166.

exp spine injury/

167.

exp neck injury/

168.

exp Spine Disease/

169.

Ischialgia/

170.

coccy$.tw.

171.

dorsalgia.tw.

172.

sciatica.tw.

173.

spondyl$.tw.

174.

lumbago.tw.

175.

facet joint?.tw.

176.

arachnoiditis.tw.

177.

failed back.tw.

178.

(stenosis adj3 spin$).tw.

179.

discitis.tw.

180.

(dis? adj3 (degener$ or prolapse or hernia$ or bulge or protrusion or extrusion or sequestration or disorder? or disease? or rupture?)).tw.

181.

backache?.tw.

182.

((back or neck or spine or spinal or lumb$) adj3 (ache? or pain?)).tw.

183.

or/163–182

184.

156 and 183

185.

(“use” or “used” or usage or utili?ation).tw.

186.

consumption.ti.

187.

exp Consumer Satisfaction/

188.

exp delivery of health care/

189.

“quality of health care”/ or “process assessment (health care)”/ or “utilization review”/

190.

health survey/

191.

patient participation/ or patient satisfaction/

192.

health care delivery/

193.

trend study/

194.

health care utilization/

195.

or/185–194

196.

184 and 195

197.

limit 196 to yr=“1990 - 2007”

198.

human.sh.

199.

nonhuman.sh.

200.

animal.sh.

201.

animal experiment.sh.

202.

199 or 200 or 201

203.

198 and 202

204.

or/202–203

205.

197 not 204

206.

limit 205 to english language

207.

editorial/ or letter/ or note/

208.

(editorial or letter or note).pt.

209.

or/207–208

210.

206 not 209

PsycINFO <1985 to November Week 1 2007> Search Strategy (Nov15_07)

1.

exp alternative medicine/

2.

exp biofeedback/

3.

dietary supplements/

4.

holistic health/

5.

exp hypnotherapy/

6.

massage/

7.

exp “medicinal herbs and plants”/

8.

exp religious practices/

9.

spirituality/

10.

osteopathic medicine/

11.

phototherapy/

12.

exp relaxation therapy/

13.

or/1–12

14.

Acupressure.tw.

15.

Acupuncture.tw.

16.

Alexander Technique.tw.

17.

Anthroposophy.tw.

18.

(Apitherapy or bee venom).tw.

19.

Applied Biomechanics.tw.

20.

Applied Kinesiology.tw.

21.

Aromatherapy.tw.

22.

(art therap$ not “state of the art”).tw.

23.

((autogenic adj3 (therap$ or treatment?)) or passive concentration).tw.

24.

(aversion adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

25.

Ayurved$.tw.

26.

bach flower.tw.

27.

(Balneotherapy or therapeutic bath$).tw.

28.

Biofeedback.tw.

29.

Body Electronics.tw.

30.

(Bowen adj2 (Therap$ or technique?)).tw.

31.

(Breathwork or (breath$ adj (exercis$ or technique?))).tw.

32.

Holotropic?.tw.

33.

Cell Therapy.tw.

34.

(Cheirology or palmistry).tw.

35.

chelation.tw.

36.

Chiropract$.tw.

37.

molecular therap$.tw.

38.

((lumines$ or luminou$) adj2 (treatment? or therap$ or technique?)).tw.

39.

Cognitive Therapy.tw.

40.

((colon or colonic) adj2 (hydrotherapy or irrigation)).tw.

41.

Contact Reflex Analysis.tw.

42.

Craniosacral Therapy.tw.

43.

((crystal? or gemstone?) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

44.

((cupping and mugwort) or moxibustion).tw.

45.

(Detoxification adj2 (Therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

46.

did?eridoo.tw.

47.

(Dream adj2 (Therap$ or analysis)).tw.

48.

((ear adj2 (candling or coning)) or thermal-auricular therapy).tw.

49.

(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or tens or electrotherapy).tw.

50.

(Emotional freedom technique? or (tapping and cupping) or thought field therap$).tw.

51.

(energy adj2 (medicine or field? or therap$)).tw.

52.

(Enzyme adj3 Therap$).tw.

53.

(essence? adj2 (therap$ or flower? or treatment?)).tw.

54.

(Eye Movement Desensiti?ation or emdr).tw.

55.

((fasting or cleansing) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

56.

(Feldenkrais or (body awareness adj2 (therap$ or treatment?))).tw.

57.

(Gerson Therapy or coffee enema?).tw.

58.

Gestalt Therap$.tw.

59.

Guided Imagery.tw.

60.

(healing touch or bodywork).tw.

61.

Hellerwork.tw.

62.

(herbal or herb?).tw.

63.

homeopath$.tw.

64.

((humo?r or laughter) adj3 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

65.

Huna.tw.

66.

(Hydrogen Peroxide adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

67.

(Hydrotherapy or hydropathy).tw.

68.

(hyperbaric adj3 (treatment? or therap$ or oxygen$)).tw.

69.

(hyperthermia adj (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

70.

(hypnotherapy or hypnosis).tw.

71.

(iridology or iridodiagnosis).tw.

72.

Jaffe-Mellor.tw.

73.

Jin Shin Jyutsu.tw.

74.

Juice Therapy.tw.

75.

Kegel Exercise?.tw.

76.

((Light or helio or photo) adj2 (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

77.

Macrobiotic?.tw.

78.

(((magnet$ adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)) not “mri”) or magnetotherap$).tw.

79.

Manual Lymphatic Drainage.tw.

80.

marma.tw.

81.

(shiatsu or rolfing or massage).tw.

82.

medical intuiti$.tw.

83.

Meditation.tw.

84.

mind body.tw.

85.

(Music adj (Therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

86.

Nambudripad.tw.

87.

(NAET or allergy elimination).tw.

88.

Naprapath$.tw.

89.

(nasal adj (irrigation or lavage)).tw.

90.

Naturopath$.tw.

91.

((Neuro-Linguistic or neuro?linguistic) adj1 Programming).tw.

92.

((neuromuscular or trigger point) adj2 (therap$ or myotherapy)).tw.

93.

((nutri$ or diet$) adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

94.

(Orthomolecular or optimum nutrition).tw.

95.

((ozone or oxygen) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

96.

Panchakarma.tw.

97.

past life.tw.

98.

((pet or animal) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

99.

Pilates.tw.

100.

(polarity adj2 (medicine or therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

101.

pranic.tw.

102.

Prayer.tw.

103.

Prolotherapy.tw.

104.

(QiGong or chi kung).tw.

105.

radiance technique?.tw.

106.

Rapid Eye Technology.tw.

107.

Reflexology.tw.

108.

Reiki.tw.

109.

(relaxation adj2 (therap$ or treatment? or technique?)).tw.

110.

(Somatic Ontology or Structural Integration).tw.

111.

Rosen Method.tw.

112.

Rubenfeld Synergy.tw.

113.

shaman$.tw.

114.

(spiritual$ adj3 (healing or therap$ or treatment? or practice?)).tw.

115.

Stress Management.tw.

116.

Tai Chi.tw.

117.

(tao or taoist or taoism or daoism or daoist).tw.

118.

(touch adj2 (therapeutic or treatment? or healing or therap$)).tw.

119.

((chinese or oriental) adj2 (medicine or treatment? or healing)).tw.

120.

transsage.tw.

121.

(Trager adj2 (Method or approach or technique? or work)).tw.

122.

(trepan$ or burr hole).tw.

123.

(Tuina or tui na).tw.

124.

Urani Medicine.tw.

125.

(Urine Therapy or urotherapy or urinotherapy).tw.

126.

(visuali?ation adj (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

127.

Visceral Manipulation.tw.

128.

((vitamin or megavitamin) adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

129.

Watsu.tw.

130.

Wave Work.tw.

131.

(yoga or yogic).tw.

132.

johrei.tw.

133.

qui gong.tw.

134.

speleotherapy.tw.

135.

halotherapy.tw.

136.

(hopi adj3 candle?).tw.

137.

biofield.tw.

138.

(holistic adj3 (medicine or healing or treatment? or therap$)).tw.

139.

Bioelectromagnetic.tw.

140.

kampo.tw.

141.

muti.tw.

142.

(microcurrent adj2 (therap$ or treatment?)).tw.

143.

((traditional or tibetan or Indian or Chinese or Arabic or African or mongolian) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

144.

(Chromatotherapy or colo?r therapy).tw.

145.

(kirlian photography or gas discharge visuali#ation).tw.

146.

((complementary or alternative or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (medicine or healing)).tw.

147.

((complementary or unconventional or integrative) adj2 (treatment? or therap$)).tw.

148.

or/14–147

149.

148 or 13

150.

spinal column/ or exp spinal cord/

151.

“back (anatomy)”/

152.

“neck (anatomy)”/

153.

or/150–152

154.

exp pain/

155.

(pain$ or ache?).tw.

156.

pain management/

157.

or/154–156

158.

153 and 157

159.

exp back pain/

160.

coccy$.tw.

161.

dorsalgia.tw.

162.

sciatica.tw.

163.

spondyl$.tw.

164.

lumbago.tw.

165.

facet joint?.tw.

166.

arachnoiditis.tw.

167.

failed back.tw.

168.

(stenosis adj3 spin$).tw.

169.

discitis.tw.

170.

(dis? adj3 (degener$ or prolapse or hernia$ or bulge or protrusion or extrusion or sequestration or disorder? or disease? or rupture?)).tw.

171.

backache?.tw.

172.

((back or neck or spine or spinal or lumb$) adj3 (ache? or pain?)).tw.

173.

exp spinal cord injuries/

174.

or/158–173

175.

149 and 174

176.

limit 175 to yr=“1990 - 2007”

177.

limit 176 to english language

178.

limit 177 to human

Index to Chiropractic Literature (ICL)

Searched February 4, 2008

S1 Subject:“BACK PAIN / THERAPY” OR Article Title:“back pain” OR Subject:“BACK PAIN / REHABILITATION”, Year: from 1990 to 2008 586 2008-02-04 08:42:55

S2 All Fields:utilization OR All Fields:rates OR Subject:“UTILIZATION REVIEW”, Year: from 1990 to 2008, Publication Type:Article 66 2008-02-04 08:46:16

S3 All Fields:utilization OR All Fields:rates OR Subject:“UTILIZATION REVIEW”, Year: from 1990 to 2008, Publication Type:Clinical Trial 3 2008-02-04 08:48:27

S4 All Fields:utilization OR All Fields:rates OR Subject:“UTILIZATION REVIEW”, Year: from 1990 to 2008, Publication Type:Randomized Controlled Trial 3 2008-02-04 08:48:51

S5 S2 OR S3 OR S4 72 2008-02-04 08:49:09

S6 S1 AND S5 8 2008-02-04 08:49:17

S7 All Fields:Usage, Year: from 1990 to 2008 27 2008-02-04 09:15:02

S8 S2 OR S3 OR S4 OR S7 96 2008-02-04 09:15:23

S9 S1 AND S8 10 2008-02-04 09:15:43

Separate Search:

Subject:“CHIROPRACTIC / UTILIZATION” OR Subject:“CHIROPRACTIC / UTILIZATION / CANADA” OR Subject:“CHIROPRACTIC / UTILIZATION / NEW YORK”, Year: from 1990 to 2008

Separate Search:

Subject:“CHIROPRACTIC / STATISTICS & NUMERICAL DATA” OR Subject:“CHIROPRACTIC / TRENDS / CANADA” OR Subject:“CHIROPRACTIC / TRENDS”, Year: from 1990 to 2008

ACUBRIEFS

Search Terms: low back pain (subject heading) OR neck pain (keyword in Title)

Agricola

Search Terms: Back pain

Micromedex

Search Terms: back

Hom-Inform

Search Terms: Spin* OR Spondy* OR Back* OR complementary (in all fields); Use OR Usage (in title); Utilization (in all fields)

Other Search Sources

New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Database

Search Terms: CAM OR alternative medicine OR complementary medicine

Bandolier

Search Terms: Complementary and alternative therapies (subject)

National Library of Health: Complementary and Alternative Medicine Specialist Library

Search Terms(back pain)

Specific Web Sites Searched

http://www.ifebp.org/

http://www.ebri.org/

http://www.iscebs.org/

http://www.greatwestlife.com

https://www.kaiserpermanente.org/

http://www.kff.org/

http://www.iscmr.org/

http://theintegratorblog.com/site/

http://healthpromotionjournal.com

http://www.compmed.umm.edu/default.asp

http://www.fraserinstitute.org/

http://www.osher.ucsf.edu/

http://www.landmarkhealthcare.com/

http://www.ccachiro.org

http://www.aaaomonline.org/

http://www.academyhealth.org

http://www.landmarkhealthcare.com/

http://www.cms.hhs.gov

http://www.ncqa.org/

http://www.guideline.gov/

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 Search Terms:

  Back pain cam

  Back pain alternative medicine

  Back pain complementary medicine

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