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Brasure M, MacDonald R, Dahm P, et al. Newer Medications for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Attributed to Benign Prostaic Hyperplasia: A Review [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2016 May. (Comparative Effectiveness Reviews, No. 178.)

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Newer Medications for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Attributed to Benign Prostaic Hyperplasia: A Review [Internet].

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Appendix BRisk of Bias Assessment Instrument and Instructions

Selection Bias
 Did method of randomization create biased allocation to interventions (inadequate randomization)?
 Were all randomized participants analyzed in the group to which they were allocated?
 Were the groups similar at baseline regarding the most important prognostic indicators?
 Did method of allocation create a biased allocation to interventions (inadequate allocation concealment)?
Risk of selection bias (inadequate randomization or allocation concealment):[Low, Unclear, High]
Performance Bias
 Was the care provider blinded to the intervention?
 Were the participants blinded to the intervention?
Risk of performance bias due to lack of participant and personnel blinding, intervention definition and fidelity?[Low, Unclear, High]
Detection Bias
 Were the outcome assessors blinded to the intervention?
 Questionnaire Derived Outcomes: Was the scale used to measure outcomes validated, reliable?
 Were outcomes measured in clinically meaningful ways?
 Were co-interventions avoided or similar?
 Was the timing of the outcome assessment similar in all groups?
 Were estimates appropriately corrected for multiple comparisons?
Risk of detection bias due to lack of outcome assessor blinding, outcomes measurement, statistical analysis, power?[Low, Unclear, High]
Attrition Bias
 Was attrition lower than 20%?
 Reasons for incomplete/missing data adequately explained?
 Incomplete data handled appropriately?
Risk of attrition bias due to amount, nature, or handling of incomplete outcome data?[Low, Unclear, High]
Reporting Bias
 Was a select group of outcomes reported (compared to methods section, protocol)?
What is the risk of reporting bias due to selective outcome reporting? [Low, Unclear, High]
Other Sources of Bias
Are there other risks of bias? If yes, describe them in the Notes.
Overall risk of bias assessment by outcome(s)[Low, Moderate, High] and explanation (1-2 sentences)

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