U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

McDonagh MS, Selover D, Santa J, et al. Drug Class Review on Agents for Overactive Bladder: Final Report [Internet]. Portland (OR): Oregon Health & Science University; 2005 Dec.

Cover
  • This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

Cover of Drug Class Review on Agents for Overactive Bladder

Drug Class Review on Agents for Overactive Bladder: Final Report [Internet].

Show details

References

1.
Abrams P. et al. The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Am J Obs Gyn. 2002;187:116–126. [PubMed: 12114899]
2.
Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M. et al. The standardisation of terminology in lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Urology. 2003;61(1):37–49. [PubMed: 12559262]
3.
Koda-Kimble, et al., eds. Applied therapeutics: the clinical use of drugs, 7th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001.
4.
Garnett S, Abrams P. The natural history of the overactive bladder and detrusor overactivity. A review of the evidence regarding the long-term outcome of the overactive bladder. J Urol. 2003;169(3):843–848. [PubMed: 12576796]
5.
Fantl, J. A., Newman, D. K., Colling, J., et al. Urinary incontinence in adults: acute and chronic management. Clinical Practice Guideline #2 AHCPR Publication No. 96–0682. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research; 1996.
6.
Couture JA, Valiquette L. Urinary incontinence. Ann Pharmacother. 2000;34(5):646–655. [PubMed: 10852094]
7.
Schmidt RA, Zermann DH, Doggweiler R. Urinary incontinence update: old traditions and new concepts. Adv Intern Med. 1999;44:19–57. [PubMed: 9929704]
8.
McEvoy, et al., eds. AHFS Drug Information 2002. Bethesda, MD: Society of Health System Pharmacists, Inc.; 2002.
9.
Anonymous. Ditropan XL package insert. 2004.
10.
Anonymous. Detrol LA package insert. 2002.
11.
Anonymous. Trospium chloride (Sanctura): another anticholinergic for overactive bladder. Medical Letter on Drugs, Therapeutics. 2004;46(1188):63–64. [PubMed: 15289745]
12.
Anonymous. VESIcare (solifenacin) package insert; 2005.
13.
Anonymous. Enablex (darifenacin) package insert; 2004.
14.
Beers MH. Explicit criteria for determinig potentially inappropriate medication use by the elderly. An update. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(4):1531–1537. [PubMed: 9236554]
15.
Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Rollingher I, Reuben DB, Brooks J, Beck JC. Explicit criteria for determining inappropriate medication use in nursing home residents. Arch Intern Med. 1991;151(9):1825–1832. [PubMed: 1888249]
16.
Mulrow, C. D., Oxman, A. How to conduct a Cochrane systematic review. Version 3.0.2.
17.
Harris R. P., Helfand M., Woolf S. H. et al. Current methods of the third U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Am J Prev Med. 2001;20(3S):21–35.
18.
Anonymous. Undertaking systematic reviews of research on effectiveness: CRD's guidance for those carrying out or commissioning reviews CRD Report Number 4 (2nd edition). York, UK: NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination; 2001. 4 (2nd edition).
19.
Hay-Smith J, Herbison P, Ellis G, Morris A. Which anticholinergic drug for overactive bladder symptoms in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005;3 [PubMed: 16034974]
20.
Chapple C., Khullar V., Gabriel Z., Dooley J. A. The effects of antimuscarinic treatments in overactive bladder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol. 2005;48(1):5–26. [PubMed: 15885877]
21.
Diokno A. C., Appell R. A., Sand P. K. et al. Prospective, randomized, double-blind study of the efficacy and tolerability of the extended-release formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine for overactive bladder: Results of the OPERA trial. Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78(6):687–695. [PubMed: 12934777]
22.
Herbison P., Hay-Smith J., Ellis G., Moore K. Effectiveness of anticholinergic drugs compared with placebo in the treatment of overactive bladder: Systematic review. BMJ. 2003;326(7394):841–844. [PMC free article: PMC153465] [PubMed: 12702614]
23.
Zeegers A. G. M., Kiesswetter H., Kramer A., Jonas U. Conservative therapy of frequency, urgency and urge incontence: A double-blind clinical trial of flavoxate hydrochloride, oxybutinin chloride, emepronium bromide and placebo. World J Urol. 1987;5(1):57–61.
24.
Milani R., Scalambrino S., Milia R. et al. Double-blind crossover comparison of flavoxate and oxybutynin in women affected by urinary urge syndrome. Int Urogynecol J. 1993;4(1):3–8.
25.
Drutz H. P., Appell R. A., Gleason D., Klimberg I., Radomski S. Clinical efficacy and safety of tolterodine compared to oxybutynin and placebo in patients with overactive bladder. Int Urogyn J. 1999;10(5):283–289. [PubMed: 10543335]
26.
Nilsson C. G., Lukkari E., Haarala M., Kivela A., Hakonen T., Kiilholma P. Comparison of a 10-mg controlled release oxybutynin tablet with a 5-mg oxybutynin tablet in urge incontinent patients. Neur Urodyn. 1997;16(6):533–542. [PubMed: 9353802]
27.
Madersbacher H., Stohrer M., Richter R., Burgdorfer H., Hachen H. J., Murtz G. Trospium chloride versus oxybutynin: a randomized, double-blind, multicentre trial in the treatment of detrusor hyperreflexia. Br J Urol. 1995;75(4):452–456. [PubMed: 7788255]
28.
Leung H. Y., Yip S. K., Cheon C. et al. A randomized controlled trial of tolterodine and oxybutynin on tolerability and clinical efficacy for treating Chinese women with an overactive bladder. BJU Int. 2002;90:375–380. [PubMed: 12175392]
29.
Swift S, Garely A, Dimpfl T, Payne C. Tolterodine Study G. A new once-daily formulation of tolterodine provides superior efficacy and is well tolerated in women with overactive bladder. Int Urogyn J. 2003;14(1):50–54. discussion 54–55. [PubMed: 12601517]
30.
Malone-Lee J. G. The efficacy, tolerability and safety profile of tolterodine in the treatment of overactive/unstable bladder. Rev Contemp Pharmacother. 2000;11(1):29–42.
31.
Abrams P., Freeman R., Anderstrom C., Mattiasson A. Tolterodine, a new antimuscarinic agent: as effective but better tolerated than oxybutynin in patients with an overactive bladder. Br J Urol. 1998;81(6):801–810. [PubMed: 9666761]
32.
Lee J. G., Hong J. Y., Choo M.-S. et al. Tolterodine: As effective but better tolerated than oxybutynin in Asian patients with symptoms of overactive bladder. Int J Urol. 2002;9(5):247–252. [PubMed: 12060436]
33.
Malone-Lee J., Shaffu B., Anand C., Powell C. Tolterodine: superior tolerability than and comparable efficacy to oxybutynin in individuals 50 years old or older with overactive bladder: a randomized controlled trial. J Urol. 2001;165(5):1452–1456. [PubMed: 11342895]
34.
Van Kerrebroeck P., Kreder K., Jonas U., Zinner N., Wein A., Tolterodine Study G. Tolterodine once-daily: superior efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of the overactive bladder. Urology. 2001;57(3):414–421. [PubMed: 11248608]
35.
Appell R. A., Abrams P., Drutz H. P., Van Kerrebroeck P. E., Millard R., Wein A. Treatment of overactive bladder: long-term tolerability and efficacy of tolterodine. World J Urol. 2001;19(2):141–147. [PubMed: 11374317]
36.
Birns J., Lukkari E., Malone-Lee J. G. et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of controlled-release oxybutynin tablets (10 mg once daily) with conventional oxybutynin tablets (5 mg twice daily) in patients whose symptoms were stabilized on 5 mg twice daily of oxybutynin. BJU Int. 2000;85(7):793–798. [PubMed: 10792154]
37.
Versi E., Appell R., Mobley D., Patton W., Saltzstein D. Dry mouth with conventional and controlled-release oxybutynin in urinary incontinence. Obs Gyn. 2000;95(5):718–721. [PubMed: 10775736]
38.
Anderson R. U., Mobley D., Blank B., Saltzstein D., Susset J., Brown J. S. Once daily controlled versus immediate release oxybutynin chloride for urge urinary incontinence. J Urol. 1999;161(6):1809–1812. [PubMed: 10332441]
39.
Homma Y., Paick J. S., Lee J. G., Kawabe K. Japanese, Korean Tolterodine Study, G. Clinical efficacy and tolerability of extended-release tolterodine and immediate-release oxybutynin in Japanese and Korean patients with an overactive bladder: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. BJU Int. 2003;92(7):741–747. [PubMed: 14616458]
40.
Barkin J., Corcos J., Radomski S. et al. A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparison of controlled- and immediate-release oxybutynin chloride in urge urinary incontinence. Clin Ther. 2004 Jul;26(7):1026–1036. [PubMed: 15336467]
41.
Appell R. A., Sand P., Dmochowski R. et al. Prospective randomized controlled trial of extended-release oxybutynin chloride and tolterodine tartrate in the treatment of overactive bladder: results of the OBJECT Study. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001;76(4):358–363. [PubMed: 11322350]
42.
Sussman D., Garely A. Treatment of overactive bladder with once-daily extended-release tolterodine or oxybutynin: The Antimuscarinic Clinical Effectiveness Trial (ACET). Curr Med Res Opin. 2002;18(4):177–184. [PubMed: 12201616]
43.
Davila G. W., Daugherty C. A., Sanders S. W. A short-term, multicenter, randomized double-blind dose titration study of the efficacy and anticholinergic side effects of transdermal compared to immediate release oral oxybutynin treatment of patients with urge urinary incontinence. J Urol. 2001;166(1):140–145. [PubMed: 11435842]
44.
Dmochowski R. R., Sand P. K., Zinner N. R. et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of transdermal oxybutynin and oral tolterodine versus placebo in previously treated patients with urge and mixed urinary incontinence. Urology. 2003;62(2):237–242. [PubMed: 12893326]
45.
Halaska M., Ralph G., Wiedemann A. et al. Controlled, double-blind, multicentre clinical trial to investigate long-term tolerability and efficacy of trospium chloride in patients with detrusor instability. World J Urol. 2003;20(6):392–399. [PubMed: 12811500]
46.
Chapple C. R., Rechberger T., Al-Shukri S. et al. Randomized, double-blind placebo- and tolterodine-controlled trial of the once-daily antimuscarinic agent solifenacin in patients with symptomatic overactive bladder. BJU Int. 2004;93(3):303–310. [PubMed: 14764127]
47.
Chapple C. R., Martinez-Garcia R., Selvaggi L. et al. A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of solifenacin succinate and extended release tolterodine at treating overactive bladder syndrome: Results of the STAR trial. Eur Urol. 2005;48(3):464–470. [PubMed: 15990220]
48.
Meyhoff H. H., Gerstenberg T. C., Nordling J. Placebo--the drug of choice in female motor urge incontinence? Br J Urol. 1983;55(1):34–37. [PubMed: 6337667]
49.
Gruneberger A. Treatment of motor urge incontinence with clenbuterol and flavoxate hydrochloride. Br J Obs Gyn. 1984;91(3):275–278. [PubMed: 6367811]
50.
Bradley D. V., Cazort R. J. Relief of bladder spasm by flavoxate. A comparative study. J Clin Pharm J New Drug. 1970;10(1):65–68. [PubMed: 4903954]
51.
Herbst WP. Double blind comparison of flavoxate and propantheline as urologic antispasmodics. Am J Clin Res. 1970;1:65–67.
52.
Holmes D. M., Montz F. J., Stanton S. L. Oxybutinin versus propantheline in the management of detrusor instability. A patient-regulated variable dose trial. Br J Obs Gyn. 1989;96(5):607–612. [PubMed: 2667633]
53.
Madersbacher H., Halaska M., Voigt R., Alloussi S., Hofner K. A placebo-controlled, multicentre study comparing the tolerability and efficacy of propiverine and oxybutynin in patients with urgency and urge incontinence. BJU Int. 1999;84(6):646–651. [PubMed: 10510109]
54.
Goode P. S., Burgio K. L., Locher J. L., Umlauf M. G., Lloyd L. K., Roth D. L. Urodynamic changes associated with behavioral and drug treatment of urge incontinence in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50(5):808–816. [PubMed: 12028165]
55.
Soomro N. A., Khadra M. H., Robson W., Neal D. E. A crossover randomized trial of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and oxybutynin in patients with detrusor instability. J Urol. 2001;166(1):146–149. [PubMed: 11435843]
56.
Burgio K. L., Locher J. L., Goode P. S. et al. Behavioral vs drug treatment for urge urinary incontinence in older women: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1998 16;280(23):1995–2000. [PubMed: 9863850]
57.
Colombo M., Zanetta G., Scalambrino S., Milani R. Oxybutynin and bladder training in the management of female urinary urge incontinence: A randomized study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 1995;6(2):63–67.
58.
Burgio K. L., Locher J. L., Roth D. L., Goode P. S. Psychological improvements associated with behavioral and drug treatment of urge incontinence in older women. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2001;56(1):P46–P51. [PubMed: 11192337]
59.
Burgio K. L., Locher J. L., Goode P. S. Combined behavioral and drug therapy for urge incontinence in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000;48(4):370–374. [PubMed: 10798461]
60.
Chapple C. R., Parkhouse H., Gardener C., Milroy E. J. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study of flavoxate in the treatment of idiopathic detrusor instability. Br J Urol. 1990;66(5):491–494. [PubMed: 2249117]
61.
Szonyi G., Collas D. M., Ding Y. Y., Malone-Lee J. G. Oxybutynin with bladder retraining for detrusor instability in elderly people: A randomized controlled trial. Age Ageing. 1995;24(4):287–291. [PubMed: 7484484]
62.
Jacquetin B., Wyndaele J. Tolterodine reduces the number of urge incontinence episodes in patients with an overactive bladder. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2001;98(1):97–102. [PubMed: 11516807]
63.
Chancellor M., Freedman S., Mitcheson H. D., Antoci J., Primus G., Wein A. Tolterodine, an effective and well tolerated treatment for urge incontinence and other overactive bladder symptoms. Clin Drug Invest. 2000;19(2):83–91.
64.
Millard R., Tuttle J., Moore K. et al. Clinical efficacy and safety of tolterodine compared to placebo in detrusor overactivity. J Urol. 1999;161(5):1551–1555. [PubMed: 10210394]
65.
Malone-Lee J. G., Walsh J. B., Maugourd M. F. Tolterodine: a safe and effective treatment for older patients with overactive bladder. [see comments.] J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001;49(6):700–705. [PubMed: 11454106]
66.
Rentzhog L., Stanton S. L., Cardozo L., Nelson E., Fall M., Abrams P. Efficacy and safety of tolterodine in patients with detrusor instability: a dose-ranging study. Br J Urol. 1998;81(1):42–48. [PubMed: 9467475]
67.
Van Kerrebroeck P. E., Amarenco G., Thuroff J. W. et al. Dose-ranging study of tolterodine in patients with detrusor hyperreflexia. Neur Urodyn. 1998;17(5):499–512. [PubMed: 9776013]
68.
Zinner N. R., Mattiasson A., Stanton S. L. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of extended-release once-daily tolterodine treatment for overactive bladder in older versus younger patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50(5):799–807. [PubMed: 12028164]
69.
Cardozo L., Dixon A. Increased warning time with darifenacin: a new concept in the management of urinary urgency. J Urol. 2005 Apr;173(4):1214–1218. [PubMed: 15758755]
70.
Cardozo L., Lisec M., Millard R. et al. Randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial of the once daily antimuscarinic agent solifenacin succinate in patients with overactive bladder. J Urol. 2004 Nov;172(5 Pt 1):1919–1924. [PubMed: 15540755]
71.
Haab F, Stewart L, Dwyer P. Darifenacin, an M3 selective receptor antagonist, is an effective and well-tolerated once-daily treatment for overactive bladder. Eur Urol. 2004 Apr;45(4):420–429. discussion 429. [PubMed: 15041104]
72.
Muskat Y., Bukovsky I., Schneider D., Langer R. The use of scopolamine in the treatment of detrusor instability. J Urol. 1996 Dec;156(6):1989–1990. [PubMed: 8911372]
73.
Steers W., Corcos J., Foote J., Kralidis G. An investigation of dose titration with darifenacin, an M3-selective receptor antagonist. BJU Int. 2005 Mar;95(4):580–586. [PubMed: 15705084]
74.
Alloussi S., Laval K. U., Eckert R. et al. Trospium chloride (Spasmo-lyt(R)) in patients with motor urge syndrome (detrusor instability): a double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Drug Assessment. 1999;2(Part 1):27–40.
75.
Cardozo L., Chapple C. R., Toozs-Hobson P. et al. Efficacy of trospium chloride in patients with detrusor instability: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicentre clinical trial. BJU Int. 2000;85(6):659–664. [PubMed: 10759661]
76.
Dmochowski R. R., Davila G. W., Zinner N. R. et al. Efficacy and safety of transdermal oxybutynin in patients with urge and mixed urinary incontinence. J Urol. 2002;168(2):580–586. [PubMed: 12131314]
77.
Khullar V, Hill S, Laval K-U, Schiotz HA, Jonas U, Versi E. Treatment of urge-predominant mixed urinary incontinence with tolterodine extended release: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Urology. 2004;64:269–274. [PubMed: 15302476]
78.
Landis J. R., Kaplan S., Swift S., Versi E. Efficacy of antimuscarinic therapy for overactive bladder with varying degrees of incontinence severity. J Urol. 2004;171(2 Pt 1):752–756. [PubMed: 14713803]
79.
Zinner N., Gittelman M., Harris R., Susset J., Kanellos A., Auerbach S. Trospium chloride improves overactive bladder symptoms: A multicenter phase III trial. J Urol. 2004;171(6 I):2311–2315. [PubMed: 15126811]
80.
Kelleher C. J., Reese P. R., Pleil A. M., Okano G. J. Health-related quality of life of patients receiving extended-release tolterodine for overactive bladder. Am J Manag Care. 2002;8(19 Suppl):S608–615. [PubMed: 12516955]
81.
Chapple C. R., Arano P., Bosch J. H. R., De Ridder D., Kramer A., Ridder A. Solifenacin appears effective and well tolerated in patients with symptomatic idiopathic detrusor overactivity in a placebo- and tolterodine-controlled phase 2 dose-finding study.[erratum appears in BJU Int. 2004 May;93(7):1135] BJU Int. 2004;93(1):71–77. [PubMed: 14678372]
82.
Hay-Smith J, Herbison P, Ellis G, Moore K. Anticholinergic drugs versus placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in adults.[see comment] Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2002:3. [PubMed: 12137711]
83.
Novartis. Unpublished study in information furnished by company for Enablex (darifenacin) (on file); 2005.
84.
Kobelt G., Kirchberger I., Malone-Lee J. Review. Quality-of-life aspects of the overactive bladder and the effect of treatment with tolterodine. BJU Int. 1999;83(6):583–590. [PubMed: 10233562]
85.
O'Conor R. M., Johannesson M., Hass S. L., Kobelt-Nguyen G. Urge incontinence. Quality of life and patients' valuation of symptom reduction. Pharmacoeconomics. 1998;14(5):531–539. [PubMed: 10344916]
86.
Badia X., Ibarz R. Health-related quality of life issues in urinary urge incontinence. Exp Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2002;2(4):357–365. [PubMed: 19807442]
87.
Malone-Lee J., Eriksson M., Olofsson S. Lidberg. The comparative tolerability efficacy of tolterodine 2 mg bid versus oxybutynin 2.5/5 mg bid in the treatment of the overactive bladder. Neur Urodyn. 1998;17(4):163–164.
88.
Pleil A. M., Reese P. R., Kelleher C. J., Okano G. J. Health-related quality of life of patients with overactive bladder receiving immediate-release tolterodine. Health Econ Prev Care. 2001;2(2):69–75.
89.
Okano G. J., Pleil A. M., Reese P. R. et al. Effects of long-term tolterodine treatment on physical and symptom aspects of health-related quality of life in overactive bladder patients. Value in Health. 2002;5(3):278.
90.
Kelleher C. J., Kreder K. J., Pleil A. M., Burgess S. M., Reese P. R. Long-term health-related quality of life of patients receiving extended-release tolterodine for overactive bladder. Am J Manag Care. 2002;8(19 Suppl):S616–630. [PubMed: 12516956]
91.
Homma Y., Kawabe K. Health-related quality of life of Japanese patients with overactive bladder treated with extended-release tolterodine or immediate-release oxybutynin: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. World J Urol. 2004 Aug;22(4):251–256. [PubMed: 15455256]
92.
Appell R. A. Clinical efficacy and safety of tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder: a pooled analysis. Urology. 1997;50(6A Suppl):90–96. [PubMed: 9426760]
93.
Van Kerrebroeck P. E., Serment G., Dreher E. Clinical efficacy and safety of tolterodine compared to oxybutynin in patients with overactive bladder [abstract] Neur Urodyn. 1997;16(5):478–479.
94.
Schmidt, R. A. Efficacy of controlled-release, once-a-day oxybutynin chloride for urge urinary incontinence [abstract]. Paper presented at: 28th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society, 1998; Jerusalem, Israel.
95.
Sand P. K., Appell R., Miklos J. R., Dmochowski R., Albrecht D. Randomized, double-blind study to compare extended-release oxybutynin and tolterodine for overactive bladder. Obs Gyn. 2001;97(4):S49.
96.
Lee JG, Hong JY, Choo MS, Kwon HY, Chung DYKST. Tolterodine: as effective but better tolerated than Oxybutinin in Asian patients with symptoms of overactive bladder (Abstract). Proc Int Cont Soc. 2001 [PubMed: 12060436]
97.
Junemann KP, Al-Shukri S. Efficacy and tolerability of trospium chloride and tolterodine in 234 patients with urge-syndrome: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, muticentre clinical trial. Neur Urodyn. 2000
98.
Zinner N, Tuttle J, Marks L. Efficacy and tolerability of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist, compared with oxybutynin in the treatment of patients with overactive bladder (Abstract). Proc Int Cont Soc. 2004 [PubMed: 16096831]
99.
Garely A. Once-daily tolterodine treatment significantly decreases perception of urgency and urge incontinence episodes in patients with overactive bladder. Int Urogyn J. 2001;12(Suppl 1):S18.
100.
Hill S., Khullar V. Darifenacin, a muscarinic receptor antagonist with selectivity for M3 receptors, reduces incontinence and nocturia in patients with overactive bladder (Abstract). Neur Urodyn. 2004;23(5/6):602–603.
101.
Jonas Hofner U. et al. Efficacy and safety of two doses of tolterodine compared to placebo in patients with detrusor overactivity. Neur Urodyn. 1997;16(5):477–478.
102.
Millard R. J., Moore K., Dwyer P., Tuttle J. Clinical and urodynamic efficacy of Tolterodine: A multicentre placebo-controlled trial [abstract] Neur Urodyn. 1997;16(5):343–344.
103.
Moore K., Millard R., Dwyer P., Tuttle J. A randomized controlled multicentre trial of Tolterodine in detrusor instability/hyperreflexia. Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Meeting of the International Urogynecological Association [abstract] Int Urogyn J. 1997;8(1):S129.
104.
Rudy D., Cline K., Goldberg K., Harris R. A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of trospium chloride in overactive bladder patients (Abstract). Neur Urodyn. 2004;23(5/6):600–601.
105.
Van Kerrebroeck E. Significant decreases in perception of urgency and urge incontinence episodes with once-daily tolterodine treatment in patients with overactive bladder [abstract] Neur Urodyn. 2000;19(4):493–494.
106.
Whishaw D, Millard R, Tuttle J. Clinical efficacy and safety of two doses of tolterodine compared with placebo in the treatment of detrusor instability. [abstract] Aust N Z J Med. 1997;27(731)
107.
Lawrence M., Guay D. R., Benson S. R., Anderson M. J. Immediate-release oxybutynin versus tolterodine in detrusor overactivity: a population analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2000;20(4):470–475. [PubMed: 10772377]
108.
Varadharajan S., Jumadilova Z., Girase P., Ollendorf D. A. Economic impact of extended-release tolterodine versus immediate- and extended-release oxybutynin among commercially insured persons with overactive bladder. Am J Manag Care. 2005;11(4 Suppl):S140–149. [PubMed: 16161387]
109.
Shaya F. T., Blume S., Gu A., Zyczynski T., Jumadilova Z. Persistence with overactive bladder pharmacotherapy in a Medicaid population. Am J Manag Care. 2005;11(4 Suppl):S121–129. [PubMed: 16161385]
110.
Siami P., Seidman L. S., Lama D. A multicenter, prospective, open-label study of tolterodine extended-release 4 mg for overactive bladder: The Speed of Onset of Therapeutic Assessment Trial (STAT). Clin Ther. 2002;24(4):616–628. [PubMed: 12017406]
111.
Abrams P. Evidence for the efficacy and safety of tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder. Exp Opin Pharmacother. 2001;2(10):1685–1701. [PubMed: 11825311]
112.
Abrams P., Malone-Lee J., Jacquetin B., Wyndaele J. J., Wein A. et al. Twelve month treatment of overactive bladder: efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine. Drugs & Aging. 2001;18(7):551–560. [PubMed: 11482747]
113.
Kreder K., Mayne C., Jonas U. Long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of extended-release tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder. Eur Urol. 2002;41(6):588–595. [PubMed: 12074774]
114.
Michel M. C., Schneider T., Krege S., Goepel M. Does gender or age affect the efficacy and safety of tolterodine? J Urol. 2002;168(3):1027–1031. [PubMed: 12187215]
115.
Layton D., Pearce G. L., Shakir S. A. Safety profile of tolterodine as used in general practice in England: results of prescription-event monitoring. Drug Saf. 2001;24(9):703–713. [PubMed: 11522122]
116.
Ouslander J. G., Maloney C., Grasela T. H., Rogers L., Walawander C. A. Implementation of a nursing home urinary incontinence management program with and without tolterodine. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2001;2(5):207–214. [PubMed: 12812542]
117.
Gleason D. M., Susset J., White C., Munoz D. R., Sand P. K. Evaluation of a new once-daily formulation of oxbutynin for the treatment of urinary urge incontinence. Ditropan XL Study Group. Urology. 1999;54(3):420–423. [PubMed: 10475346]
118.
Haab F., Cardozo L., Chapple C., Ridder A. M. Solifenacin Study Group. Long-term open-label solifenacin treatment associated with persistence with therapy in patients with overactive bladder syndrome. Eur Urol. 2005 Mar;47(3):376–384. [PubMed: 15716204]
119.
Michel M. C., de la Rosette J. J., Piro M., Schneider T. Comparison of symptom severity and treatment response in patients with incontinent and continent overactive bladder. Eur Urol. 2005;48(1):110–115. [PubMed: 15967259]
120.
Salvatore S., Khullar V., Cardozo L., Milani R., Athanasiou S., Kelleher C. Long-term prospective randomized study comparing two different regimens of oxybutynin as a treatment for detrusor overactivity. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2005;119(2):237–241. [PubMed: 15808387]
121.
Chapple C. R., Abrams P. Comparison of darifenacin and oxybutynin in patients with overactive bladder: assessment of ambulatory urodynamics and impact on salivary flow. Eur Urol. 2005;48(1):102–109. [PubMed: 15936869]
122.
Chu F. M., Dmochowski R. R., Lama D. J., Anderson R. U., Sand P. K. Extended-release formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine exhibit similar central nervous system tolerability profiles: a subanalysis of data from the OPERA trial. Am J Obs Gyn. 2005;192(6):1849–1854. [PubMed: 15970828]
123.
Takei M., Homma Y., The Japanese Tolterodine Study G. Long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of extended-release tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder in Japanese patients. Int J Urol. 2005;12(5):456–464. [PubMed: 15948744]
124.
Brynne N., Forslund C., Hallen B., Gustafsson L. L., Bertilsson L. Ketoconazole inhibits the metabolism of tolterodine in subjects with deficient CYP2D6 activity. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999;48(4):564–572. [PMC free article: PMC2014365] [PubMed: 10583027]
125.
Boccuzzi S. J., Le T. K., Wogen J., Williamson T. Utilization patterns associated with tolterodine IR vs. oxybutynin in the management of urinary incontinence. Value in Health. 2002;5(3):274.
126.
Juzba M., White T. J., Chang E. Y. Prevalence and cost analysis of overactive bladder in a managed care organization. J Manag Care Pharm. 2001;7(5):365.
127.
Taira, D. A., Davis, J., Lofgren, K. L., Williamson, T. E., Kessel, B., Brizzolara, S. Examining persistence and compliance with medication and healthcare costs of women with overactive bladder. Poster. Paper presented at: Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy 2002 Annual Meeting, 2002; Salt Lake City, UT.
128.
Sand P. K., Miklos J., Ritter H., Appell R. A comparison of extended-release oxybutynin and tolterodine for treatment of overactive bladder in women. Int Urogyn J. 2004 Jul-Aug;15(4):243–248. [PubMed: 15517668]
129.
Ouslander J. G., Schnelle J. F., Uman G. et al. Does oxybutynin add to the effectiveness of prompted voiding for urinary incontinence among nursing home residents? A placebo-controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995;43(6):610–617. [PubMed: 7775717]
130.
Brynne N., Dalen P., Alvan G., Bertilsson L., Gabrielsson J. Influence of CYP2D6 polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic of tolterodine. Clin Pharm Therapeut. 1998;63(5):529–539. [PubMed: 9630826]
131.
Brynne N., Stahl M. M., Hallen B. et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tolterodine in man: a new drug for the treatment of urinary bladder overactivity. Int J Clin Pharm Therapeut. 1997;35(7):287–295. [PubMed: 9247842]
132.
Brynne N., Svanstrom C., Aberg-Wistedt A., Hallen B., Bertilsson L. Fluoxetine inhibits the metabolism of tolterodine-pharmacokinetic implications and proposed clinical relevance. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999;48(4):553–563. [PMC free article: PMC2014382] [PubMed: 10583026]
133.
Brynne N., Bottiger Y., Hallen B., Bertilsson L. Tolterodine does not affect the human in vivo metabolism of the probe drugs caffeine, debrisoquine and omeprazole. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999;47(2):145–150. [PMC free article: PMC2014166] [PubMed: 10190648]
Copyright & 2005, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Bookshelf ID: NBK10410
Contents

Views

Other titles in this collection

Recent Activity

ClearTurn OffTurn On

Your browsing activity is empty.

Activity recording is turned off.

Turn recording back on

See more...