Figure 5.1—Flow diagram shows the processes by which tobacco marketing affects tobacco use among youth based on the Theory of Triadic Influence. The theory covers three themes: Personal Stream (biology/personality), Social Stream (social situation), and Environmental Stream (cultural environment). Each theme includes a series of three stages that leads to decisions and intentions about tobacco use. The three stages are ultimate underlying causes, distal predisposing causes, and proximal intermediate predictors. The social and environmental streams are affected by the direct and moderating affects of tobacco advertising and promotion and smoking in movies.

Figure 5.1Structure supporting the effect of marketing on youth smoking based on the Theory of Triadic Influence

Source: Adapted from Flay et al. 2009 with permission from John Wiley & Sons, Inc., © 2009.

From: 5, The Tobacco Industry’s Influences on the Use of Tobacco Among Youth

Cover of Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults
Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General.
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US) Office on Smoking and Health.
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