Figure 2 shows a bar graph of the number of included primary studies published between the years of 2013 and 2023 by study design. Two cross-sectional studies with comparisons were included, one published in 2013 and one in 2016. Fourteen observational studies with comparison groups were included, with two studies published in 2016, three studies published in 2022, three studies in 2023, and one study published in each year: 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, and 2020. Five randomized controlled trials were included with individual publication years of 2013, 2016, 2019, 2020, and 2021.

Figure 2Number of included primary studies by year of publication and design

RCT = randomized controlled trial

From: Fatigue and Sleepiness of Clinicians Due to Hours of Service

Cover of Making Healthcare Safer IV
Making Healthcare Safer IV: A Continuous Updating of Patient Safety Harms and Practices [Internet].
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