Fig. 1. Morphology of bryozoans.

Fig. 1

Morphology of bryozoans. (a) An encrusting colony of the marine cheilostome bryozoan Watersipora subatra. (b) SEM image of the calcified autozooids of a Microporella discors colony (marine Cheilostomatida) showing ~6 polygonal autozooids; black arrowhead—autozooidal aperture; white arrowhead—avicularium (defensive polymorphic zooid). (c) Part of a living colony of the marine cheilostome Hippomenella vellicata showing feeding autozooids with extended lophophores (top); retracted autozooids with closed lid-like opercula (middle); and developing asexually budded autozooids at the colony margin (bottom). (d) Living colony of Hastingsia sp. This well-calcified continental shelf cyclostome was successfully grown in a laboratory culture system using natural seawater supplemented by cultured microalgae. (e) Two polypide regression products (brown bodies), indicated with white arrowheads; the adjacent zooidal chamber contains a developing polypide that will replace the previous polypide, which has degenerated (Hornera sp., marine cyclostomate, H&E stained). (f) Large colony of the gelatinous freshwater phylactolaemate Pectinatella magnifica. (g) Living colony of Cristatella mucedo, a freshwater phylactolaemate bryozoan; several rows of horseshoe-shaped lophophores line the periphery of the colony, which is capable of creeping along the substratum. (h) Statoblast (asexually produced resting propagule) of the freshwater bryozoan Plumatella cf. geimermassardi (fixed but unstained whole mount, imaged under compound microscope). Scale bars: a, 10 mm; b, 200 μm; c, 1 mm; d, 1 mm; e, 50 μm; f, 5 cm; g, 1 mm; h, 100 μm

From: Chapter 8, Collecting and Culturing Bryozoans for Regenerative Studies

Cover of Whole-Body Regeneration
Whole-Body Regeneration: Methods and Protocols [Internet].
Blanchoud S, Galliot B, editors.
New York (NY): Humana; 2022.
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