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Frequency of Eating during Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain: A Systematic Review
Steven Heymsfield, MD, Carol Boushey, PhD, MPH, RD, Heather Leidy, PhD, Richard Mattes, PhD, MPH, RD, Ronald Kleinman, MD, Emily Callahan, MS, Gisela Butera, MLIS, MEd, Nancy Terry, MS, MLS, and Julie Obbagy, PhD, RD.
Author Information and AffiliationsAlexandria (VA): USDA Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review; 2020 Jul.
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT
Background
- This important public health question was identified by the U.S. Departments of Agriculture (USDA) and Health and Human Services (HHS) to be examined by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee.
- The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, Frequency of Eating Subcommittee conducted a systematic review to answer this question with support from the Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team.
- The goal of this systematic review was to examine the following question: What is the relationship between the frequency of eating during pregnancy and gestational weight gain?
Conclusion statement and grade
- No evidence is available to determine the relationship between the frequency of eating during pregnancy and gestational weight gain. (Grade: Grade not assignable)
Methods
- A literature search was conducted using 4 databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and CINAHL) to identify articles that evaluated an intervention or exposure of the frequency of eating and the outcome of gestational weight gain. A manual search was also conducted to identify articles that may not have been included in the electronic databases searched. Articles were screened by two authors independently for inclusion based on pre-determined criteria.
- Because no articles were identified in the literature search, this systematic review did not involve data extraction, risk of bias assessment, or evidence synthesis. However, a conclusion statement was developed, that acknowledged the absence of evidence to address this question. Since no evidence was available to answer this question, the strength of evidence could not be graded.
Summary of the evidence
- This systematic review was undertaken to examine the relationship between the frequency of eating during pregnancy and gestational weight gain.
- Frequency of eating was defined as the number of daily eating occasions. An eating occasion was defined as an ingestive event that is either energy yielding or non-energy yielding.
- Gestational weight gain was defined as weight a woman gains during pregnancy.
- This review identified 0 studies published between January, 2000 and September, 2019 that met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review.
Contents
FUNDING SOURCE: United States Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Alexandria, VA
Suggested citation:
Heymsfield S, Boushey C, Leidy H, Mattes R, Kleinman R, Callahan E, Butera G, Terry N, Obbagy J. Frequency of Eating during Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain: A Systematic Review. July 2020. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review. Available at: https://doi.org/10.52570/NESR.DGAC2020.SR0605
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Related citation: Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee: Advisory Report to the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Health and Human Services. July 2020. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Available at: https://doi.org/10.52570/DGAC2020.
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