Copyright Notice
The contents of this document may be used and reprinted without permission. Endorsements by NESR, NGAD, CNPP, FNS, or USDA of derivative products developed from this work may not be stated or implied.
< PrevNext >
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
< PrevNext >
Dietary Patterns and Neurocognitive Health: A Systematic Review
Carol Boushey, PhD, MPH, RD, Jamy Ard, MD, Lydia Bazzano, MD, PhD, Steven Heymsfield, MD, Elizabeth Mayer-Davis, PhD, RD, Joan Sabaté, MD, DrPH, Linda Snetselaar, PhD, RDN, Linda Van Horn, PhD, RDN, LD, Barbara Schneeman, PhD, Laural Kelly English, PhD, Marlana Bates, MPH, RD, Emily Callahan, MS, Sudha Venkatramanan, PhD, Gisela Butera, MLIS, MEd, Nancy Terry, MS, MLS, and Julie Obbagy, PhD, RD.
Author Information and AffiliationsAlexandria (VA): USDA Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review; 2020 Jul.
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT
Background
- This important public health question was identified by the U.S. Departments of Agriculture (USDA) and Health and Human Services (HHS) to be examined by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee.
- The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, Dietary Patterns Subcommittee conducted a systematic review to answer this question with support from the Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team.
- The goal of this systematic review was to examine the following question: What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed and neurocognitive health?
Conclusion statement and grade
- Limited evidence suggests that dietary patterns containing vegetables, fruits, unsaturated vegetable oils and/or nuts, legumes, and fish or seafood consumed during adulthood are associated with lower risk of age-related cognitive impairment and/or dementia. (Grade: Limited)
Methods
- Two literature searches were conducted using 3 databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase) to identify articles that evaluated the intervention or exposure of dietary patterns consumed and the outcomes of neurocognitive health. A manual search was conducted to identify articles that may not have been included in the electronic databases searched. Articles were screened by two NESR analysts independently for inclusion based on pre-determined criteria
- Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted for each included study, and both were checked for accuracy. The Committee qualitatively synthesized the body of evidence to inform development of a conclusion statement(s), and graded the strength of evidence using pre-established criteria for risk of bias, consistency, directness, precision, and generalizability.
- Dietary patterns were defined as the quantities, proportions, variety, or combination of different foods, drinks, and nutrients (when available) in diets, and the frequency with which they are habitually consumed.
Summary of the evidence
- This systematic review update includes 26 articles that met inclusion criteria and were published between January 2014 and February 2020.
- Four studies were randomized controlled trials.
- Twenty-two articles were from observational studies, with 21 prospective cohort designs and 1 nested-case control design.
- Studies in this update to the existing review produced similarly consistent results regarding the relationship between dietary patterns in adults and age-related cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and/or dementia
- Dietary patterns were examined using various approaches including 17 studies that examined adherence to a dietary pattern using indices/scores, 4 articles identified dietary patterns using factor/cluster analysis, and 1 study used reduced rank regression.
- Outcomes were measured using various approaches and reported as global cognition, cognitive performance, mild cognitive impairment, and/or incident dementia.
- The majority of significant findings reported dietary patterns consumed during adulthood were “protective” in either improving measures of cognitive impairment and/or reducing risk of cognitive impairment or dementia. These protective dietary patterns contained vegetables, fruits, unsaturated vegetable oils and/or nuts, legumes, and fish or seafood. Many of these dietary patterns also emphasized whole grains, non-refined grains, or (non-refined) breads/cereals.
- Not all of these protective dietary patterns contained alcoholic beverages. The benefit of the overall dietary pattern with the outcome was still observed if alcoholic beverages, particularly red wine, were included.
- Non-significant findings or those reporting mixed associations reported dietary patterns consumed during adulthood did not worsen cognitive outcomes.
- There are numerous limitations across the body of evidence, including the lack of RCT’s, considerable variation in testing methods used, validity and reliability of the methods used, the dietary patterns and cognitive outcomes examined.
- This body of evidence updates and builds upon the conclusion drawn by the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee in an existing systematic review, which consisted of 30 articles from a wide range of study designs that used different methods to measure neurocognitive outcomes but produced relatively consistent findings.
Contents
FUNDING SOURCE: United States Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Alexandria, VA
Suggested citation:
Bouchey C, Ard J, Bazzano L, Heymsfield S, Mayer-Davis E, Sabaté J, Snetselaar L, Van Horn L, Schneeman B, English LK, Bates M, Callahan E, Venkatramanan S, Butera G, Terry N, Obbagy J. Dietary Patterns and Neurocognitive Health: A Systematic Review. July 2020. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review. Available at: https://doi.org/10.52570/NESR.DGAC2020.SR0106
In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident.
Persons using assistive technology should be able to access information in this report. For further assistance please email vog.ADSU@RSEN.NF.MS.
Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English.
To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by:
- (1)
mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410;
- (2)
fax: (202) 690-7442; or
- (3)
email: vog.adsu@ekatni.margorp.
USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.
Related Citation: Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee: Advisory Report to the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Health and Human Services. July 2020. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Available at: https://doi.org/10.52570/DGAC2020
- NLM CatalogRelated NLM Catalog Entries
- Review Dietary Patterns and Breast, Colorectal, Lung, and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review[ 2020]Review Dietary Patterns and Breast, Colorectal, Lung, and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic ReviewBoushey C, Ard J, Bazzano L, Heymsfield S, Mayer-Davis E, Sabaté J, Snetselaar L, Van Horn L, Schneeman B, English LK, et al. 2020 Jul
- Review Dietary Patterns and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review[ 2020]Review Dietary Patterns and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, Dietary Patterns Subcommittee. 2020 Jul 15
- Review Dietary Patterns and Growth, Size, Body Composition, and/or Risk of Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review[ 2020]Review Dietary Patterns and Growth, Size, Body Composition, and/or Risk of Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic ReviewBoushey C, Ard J, Bazzano L, Heymsfield S, Mayer-Davis E, Sabaté J, Snetselaar L, Van Horn L, Schneeman B, English LK, et al. 2020 Jul
- Review Dietary Patterns and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review[ 2020]Review Dietary Patterns and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic ReviewBoushey C, Ard J, Bazzano L, Heymsfield S, Mayer-Davis E, Sabaté J, Snetselaar L, Van Horn L, Schneeman B, English LK, et al. 2020 Jul
- Review Dietary Patterns and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review[ 2020]Review Dietary Patterns and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic ReviewBoushey C, Ard J, Bazzano L, Heymsfield S, Mayer-Davis E, Sabaté J, Snetselaar L, Van Horn L, Schneeman B, English LK, et al. 2020 Jul
- Dietary Patterns and Neurocognitive Health: A Systematic ReviewDietary Patterns and Neurocognitive Health: A Systematic Review
Your browsing activity is empty.
Activity recording is turned off.
See more...