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National Center for Health Statistics (US). Health, United States, 2018 [Internet]. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics (US); 2019.
Excel version (with more data years and standard errors when available): https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/contents2018.htm#Table_038.
[Data are based on a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population]
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| Sex, race and Hispanic origin,1 and age | At least one prescription drug in past 30 days | Three or more prescription drugs in past 30 days | Five or more prescription drugs in past 30 days | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988–1994 | 1999–2002 | 2009–2012 | 2013–2016 | 1988–1994 | 1999–2002 | 2009–2012 | 2013–2016 | 1988–1994 | 1999–2002 | 2009–2012 | 2013–2016 | |
| All ages, age-adjusted2 | Percent of population | |||||||||||
| Both sexes3 | 39.1 | 45.2 | 47.3 | 45.8 | 11.8 | 17.8 | 20.6 | 21.8 | 4.0 | 7.5 | 10.1 | 11.2 |
| Male | 32.7 | 39.8 | 42.7 | 41.7 | 9.4 | 14.8 | 19.1 | 20.1 | 2.9 | 6.1 | 9.3 | 10.1 |
| Female | 45.0 | 50.3 | 51.8 | 49.7 | 13.9 | 20.4 | 22.0 | 23.4 | 4.9 | 8.7 | 10.8 | 12.3 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: | ||||||||||||
| White only | 41.1 | 48.7 | 52.4 | 49.9 | 12.4 | 18.9 | 22.0 | 23.4 | 4.2 | 7.8 | 10.6 | 11.8 |
| White only, male | 34.2 | 43.0 | 47.2 | 45.3 | 9.9 | 15.9 | 20.2 | 21.6 | 3.1 | 6.3 | 9.6 | 10.6 |
| White only, female | 47.6 | 54.3 | 57.6 | 54.5 | 14.6 | 21.8 | 23.8 | 25.1 | 5.1 | 9.2 | 11.5 | 12.9 |
| Black or African American only | 36.9 | 40.1 | 43.7 | 44.6 | 12.6 | 16.5 | 21.9 | 22.4 | 3.8 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 12.8 |
| Black or African American only, male | 31.1 | 35.4 | 37.5 | 40.2 | 10.2 | 14.5 | 19.2 | 20.0 | 2.9 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 11.1 |
| Black or African American only, female | 41.4 | 43.8 | 48.8 | 48.0 | 14.3 | 18.1 | 24.0 | 24.3 | 4.5 | 8.7 | 12.0 | 14.2 |
| Asian only | - - - | - - - | - - - | 33.7 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 14.1 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 7.1 |
| Asian only, male | - - - | - - - | - - - | 30.9 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 14.4 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 6.5 |
| Asian only, female | - - - | - - - | - - - | 36.0 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 14.0 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 7.6 |
| Hispanic or Latino | - - - | - - - | 35.4 | 36.7 | - - - | - - - | 15.9 | 17.2 | - - - | - - - | 8.4 | 8.9 |
| Hispanic or Latino, male | - - - | - - - | 31.7 | 33.0 | - - - | - - - | 14.7 | 16.1 | - - - | - - - | 7.8 | 8.5 |
| Hispanic or Latina, female | - - - | - - - | 39.2 | 40.5 | - - - | - - - | 17.1 | 18.3 | - - - | - - - | 8.9 | 9.4 |
| Mexican origin | 31.7 | 31.7 | 34.0 | 35.1 | 9.0 | 11.2 | 15.4 | 17.1 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 8.3 | 9.2 |
| Mexican origin, male | 27.5 | 25.8 | 30.7 | 33.1 | 7.0 | 9.5 | 14.0 | 16.1 | 2.0 | 3.5 | 7.6 | 8.8 |
| Mexican origin, female | 36.0 | 37.8 | 37.6 | 37.3 | 11.0 | 12.8 | 16.8 | 18.2 | 3.7 | 5.2 | 8.9 | 9.7 |
| All ages, crude | ||||||||||||
| Both sexes3 | 37.8 | 45.0 | 48.7 | 48.4 | 11.0 | 17.6 | 21.8 | 24.0 | 3.6 | 7.4 | 10.7 | 12.6 |
| Male | 30.6 | 38.6 | 43.4 | 43.5 | 8.3 | 13.9 | 19.4 | 21.4 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 9.3 | 10.8 |
| Female | 44.6 | 51.1 | 53.9 | 53.0 | 13.6 | 21.1 | 24.1 | 26.5 | 4.7 | 9.1 | 12.0 | 14.2 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: | ||||||||||||
| White only | 41.4 | 50.7 | 56.5 | 55.7 | 12.5 | 20.6 | 25.9 | 28.8 | 4.2 | 8.7 | 12.8 | 15.1 |
| White only, male | 33.5 | 43.8 | 50.7 | 50.5 | 9.5 | 16.5 | 23.1 | 25.9 | 2.9 | 6.6 | 11.1 | 13.1 |
| White only, female | 48.9 | 57.5 | 62.1 | 60.7 | 15.4 | 24.5 | 28.5 | 31.6 | 5.4 | 10.8 | 14.4 | 17.0 |
| Black or African American only | 31.2 | 36.0 | 42.0 | 43.6 | 9.2 | 13.5 | 20.2 | 21.3 | 2.6 | 6.2 | 9.8 | 11.9 |
| Black or African American only, male | 25.5 | 30.7 | 35.1 | 38.2 | 7.0 | 10.9 | 16.9 | 17.9 | 1.8 | 4.8 | 8.1 | 9.6 |
| Black or African American only, female | 36.2 | 40.6 | 48.0 | 48.2 | 11.1 | 15.7 | 23.1 | 24.2 | 3.3 | 7.4 | 11.3 | 14.0 |
| Asian only | - - - | - - - | - - - | 34.0 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 13.7 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 6.8 |
| Asian only, male | - - - | - - - | - - - | 30.1 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 13.1 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 5.9 |
| Asian only, female | - - - | - - - | - - - | 37.5 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 14.3 | - - - | - - - | - - - | 7.7 |
| All ages, age-adjusted2 | ||||||||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | - - - | - - - | 28.9 | 31.2 | - - - | - - - | 10.6 | 12.4 | - - - | - - - | 5.0 | 5.9 |
| Hispanic or Latino, male | - - - | - - - | 25.0 | 27.1 | - - - | - - - | 9.0 | 10.8 | - - - | - - - | 4.4 | 5.1 |
| Hispanic or Latina, female | - - - | - - - | 33.1 | 35.3 | - - - | - - - | 12.2 | 14.1 | - - - | - - - | 5.7 | 6.8 |
| Mexican origin | 24.0 | 23.6 | 26.4 | 29.0 | 4.8 | 6.1 | 9.2 | 11.7 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 4.4 | 5.8 |
| Mexican origin, male | 20.1 | 18.8 | 23.5 | 27.3 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 8.3 | 10.7 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 5.2 |
| Mexican origin, female | 28.1 | 28.9 | 29.5 | 30.8 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 10.2 | 12.8 | 1.9 | 2.7 | *4.6 | 6.4 |
| Both sexes | ||||||||||||
| Under 18 years | 20.5 | 23.8 | 23.5 | 20.2 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.5 | * | *0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| 18–44 years | 31.3 | 35.9 | 38.1 | 35.9 | 5.7 | 8.4 | 9.6 | 10.3 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 3.9 |
| 45–64 years | 54.8 | 64.1 | 67.2 | 68.5 | 20.0 | 30.8 | 34.7 | 37.3 | 7.4 | 13.3 | 16.3 | 19.6 |
| 65 years and over | 73.6 | 84.7 | 89.8 | 89.1 | 35.3 | 51.8 | 64.8 | 67.6 | 13.8 | 27.1 | 39.1 | 40.9 |
| Male | ||||||||||||
| Under 18 years | 20.4 | 25.7 | 23.1 | 22.4 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.3 | * | * | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| 18–44 years | 21.5 | 27.1 | 29.6 | 26.6 | 3.6 | 6.7 | 7.5 | 7.7 | *0.8 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 |
| 45–64 years | 47.2 | 55.6 | 63.1 | 64.3 | 15.1 | 23.6 | 31.4 | 34.0 | 4.8 | 9.5 | 14.2 | 17.1 |
| 65 years and over | 67.2 | 80.1 | 87.7 | 88.5 | 31.3 | 46.3 | 64.6 | 66.6 | 11.3 | 24.7 | 37.9 | 39.4 |
| Female | ||||||||||||
| Under 18 years | 20.6 | 21.7 | 23.8 | 17.9 | 2.3 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 2.7 | * | *0.8 | *0.6 | 0.5 |
| 18–44 years | 40.7 | 44.6 | 46.4 | 44.9 | 7.6 | 10.2 | 11.8 | 12.9 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 4.9 |
| 45–64 years | 62.0 | 72.0 | 71.1 | 72.5 | 24.7 | 37.5 | 37.8 | 40.4 | 9.7 | 16.8 | 18.3 | 22.0 |
| 65 years and over | 78.3 | 88.1 | 91.4 | 89.5 | 38.2 | 55.9 | 64.9 | 68.3 | 15.6 | 28.9 | 40.0 | 42.0 |
Data not available.
Starting with 2013–2016 data, the reliability of survey percentage estimates was assessed using new multistep National Center for Health Statistics data presentation standards for proportions. Prior to 2013–2016 data, the reliability of estimates was evaluated based on relative standard errors (RSE). Data preceded by an asterisk have an RSE of 20%–30%. Data not shown have an RSE greater than 30%. For more information, see Appendix II, Data presentation standards for proportions; Relative standard error (RSE).
Persons of Hispanic and Mexican origin may be of any race. Starting with 1999 data, race-specific estimates are tabulated according to the 1997 Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity and are not strictly comparable with estimates for earlier years. The non-Hispanic race categories shown in the table conform to the 1997 Standards. Starting with 1999 data, race-specific estimates are for persons who reported only one racial group. Prior to data year 1999, estimates were tabulated according to the 1977 Standards. Estimates for single-race categories prior to 1999 included persons who reported one race, or if they reported more than one race, identified one race as best representing their race. See Appendix II, Hispanic origin; Race.
Estimates are age-adjusted to the year 2000 standard population using four age groups: under 18 years, 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over. Age-adjusted estimates in this table may differ from other age-adjusted estimates based on the same data and presented elsewhere if different age groups are used in the adjustment procedure. See Appendix II, Age adjustment.
Includes persons of all races and Hispanic origins, not just those shown separately.
NOTES: See Appendix II, Drug. Standard errors are available in the spreadsheet version of this table. Data for additional years are available. See the Excel spreadsheet on the Health, United States website at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus.htm.
SOURCE: NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. See Appendix I, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
From: Trend Tables
Permission has been obtained from the copyright holders to reproduce certain quoted material in this report. Further reproduction of this material is prohibited without specific permission of the copyright holder. All other material contained in this report is in the public domain, and may be used and reprinted without special permission; source citation, however, is appreciated.
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